• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.5 no.2_3
• /
• pp.87-101
• /
• 2005

This paper describes of an overview to the strength rules in the Australian AS4100 Steel Structures Code that was first issued in Limit States Format in 1990. It focuses on pertinent and characteristic issues, such as the means of analysis for second order effects in frames, and highlights how the tiered approach may lead to efficient design using advanced analysis techniques. It also considers design against buckling in some detail, and shows how advanced solutions may be readily incorporated into the design rules. Implicit in the formulations are the necessity for ductility of the steel, and the scope of the code is limited to steels that display this necessary ductility characteristic.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2017

High resolution measurements of the carrier profile in semiconductor devices is required as the semiconductor industry progresses from the 10-nm lithography node to 7-nm and beyond. We examine the factors which determine the resolution of the present method of scanning spreading resistance microscopy as well as such factors for the newer method of scanning frequency comb microscopy that is now under development. Also, for the first time, we consider the sensitivity of both methods to the location of heterogeneities in the semiconductor. In addition, mesoscopic effects on these measurements are considered for the first time. Two simple analytical models are extended to study the sensitivity to heterogeneities as well as mesoscopic effects.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.237-248
• /
• 2017

China's rapid growth has created great opportunities for design and construction of projects that not only transform sites but cities. This work combines local, national, and international expertise in developing memorable designs that seek to humanize urban life and emphasize the importance of visionary clients. Innovative examples of work in China will be presented with emphasis on three iconic projects designed and built for Poly Corporation based in China. These projects include developments in Beijing and Guangzhou and introduce the use of locally supplied materials and construction techniques. The Poly Corporate Headquarters, the Poly Real Estate Headquarters, and the Poly International Plaza, and will be described through innovative ideas that integrate urban planning, structure, and architecture.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.131-139
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to provide for the basic data useful to the knitwear size standards for the effective production. For this purpose, knit promotions that product knitwear for 20 age $\sim$ 30 middle age women were sampled to survey their condition of the size designation and basic product size of knitwear, and their directors were surveyed through direct interviews. Data is processed by a computer(SPSS) and analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean and mode. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Size designation and bodysize of knitwear are not standardized. 2. Knit promotions that don't mark bodysize on the size designation label are not a few. 3. Cardigan's sizes except for a few part are equal to round/pola T-shirt's sizes or are large more than those.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.3.2-3.2
• /
• 2009

Microfluidics and BioMEMStechnology has increasingly been used as a tool for studying small volumes oftissue and even individual cells. One of the most important benefits ofmicrofluidic technology is the potential to build devices that analyze and sortmammalian cells. The "sorting problem" typically requires that a fewcells be selected and isolated from a larger population of hundreds, thousandsor even millions of other cells. For example, cancer tumor cells may resideamong a large population of healthy cells, but it would be of great interest toidentify, isolate and study only the cancer cells. In another application, onemay want to determine the number of white blood cells within a sample of blood.We have developed microfluidic devices that enable researchers to select cellsfrom a population by a variety of methods, including antibody staining,dielectrophoretic selection, and physical size selection. These devices haveapplications in cancer research where cancer cells must be identified fromnormal tissue, but where only small samples of tissue are available. In thistalk, we will present some of our microfluidic cell sorting devices, discusstheir physical principles, and their use in biological applications.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2005.05b
• /
• pp.155-158
• /
• 2005

수자원 분야에서 DEM은 유역을 분할하고 하천망을 생성하며 유역 범위 내에서 지형인자를 계산하는 과정에서 광범위하게 이용되고 있다. 그러나 수치지도의 등고선이나 영상으로부터 추출된 DEM은 sink나 flat area와 같은 오류를 다수 포함하고 있으며, 이러한 오류들을 합리적인 방법으로 제거하는 과정이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 DEM에서의 sink를 제거하기 위하여 breaching 알고리즘(Grabercht와 Martz, 1996)을 포함하는 filling method(Jenson과 Domingue, 1988; Martz와 Jong, 1988)를 이용하였으며, flat area를 처리하기 위해서는 combined gradient method(Grabercht와 Martz, 1996)를 이용하였다. 또한 흐름방향을 결정하기 위해서는 8방향법(O'Callaghan과 Mark, 1984)을 이용하였다. 이러한 방법을 통하여 보정된 DEM을 이용하여 흐름방향과 흐름누적수를 계산한 후 하천망을 추출하였다. 추출된 하천망은 ArcView 3.2a와 TOPAZ v3.1을 적용한 WMS v6.1에서의 결과와 비교하였으며, DEM의 오류수정을 위한 알고리즘이 적절히 구현된 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 DEM 보정기술은 DEM을 수자원 분야에 이용하기 위해 필요한 sink와 flat area 처리를 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.211-226
• /
• 2000

A procedure has been developed for bolting steel plates to the sides of existing reinforced concrete beams which can be used to increase the shear strength of beams, increase the flexural strength of beams with enhanced ductility or with only a small loss of ductility, and increase the stiffness of beams in order to reduce deflections and crack widths. It will be shown in this paper, through a qualitative analysis and through the results of testing eight large scale beams, that standard rigid plastic analysis techniques which are commonly used in the design of reinforced-concrete, steel, and composite steel and concrete beams cannot be used directly to design composite bolted-plated reinforced-concrete beams. In the companion paper, quantitative procedures will be used to adapt the standard rigid plastic analysis techniques for this relatively new form of retrofitting.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2011

The form of web-based MMORTS game has changed the way users recognize games. This paper focuses fact that users' semiosis in MMORTS game shows different aspects from MMORPG game and to analyze it through theory of Charles Sanders Peirce. Users in MMORTS make a semiotic process in a wide range of ways including keeping avatars at a distance, reading index mark, and inferring through symbol marks. It leads to call a user in web-based MMORTS an administrator, symbol interpreter, and strategist.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.221-230
• /
• 2016

This paper presents a preliminary study on the influence of laterite soil replacing conventional fine aggregates on the strength properties of GGBS-blended-concrete. For this purpose, GGBS-blended-concrete samples with 40% GGBS, 60% Portland cement (PC), and locally available laterite soil was used. Laterite soils at 0, 25, 50 and 75% by weight were used in trails to replace the conventional fine aggregates. A control mix using only PC, river sand, course aggregates and water served as bench mark in comparing the performance of the composite concrete mix. Test blocks including 60 cubes for compression test; 20 cylinders for split tensile test; and 20 beams for flexural strength test were prepared in the laboratory. Results showed decreasing trends in strength parameters with increasing laterite content in GGBS-blended-concrete. 25% and 50% laterite replacement showed convincing strength (with small decrease) after 28 day curing, which is about 87-90% and 72-85% respectively in comparison to that achieved by the control mix.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1981

In this paper, the recognition method of Hangout patterns with the partial separation for the subpatterns is proposed. First, Hangout patterns are formalized into six formal patterns and their surface structures are discriminated. Second, two to four subpatterns from one form pattern are separated by the new algorithm combined with Index mark and Window. Hangout patterns are recognized with only frontiers of the tree by defining the regular U-tree grammar for the separated subpatterns. Compared with the previous tree grammar , this grammar reduces the production rules to 1/3 and simplifies automaton processing and has more flexiblity. By the simulation result for 1,600 characters of Hangeul patterns, separation rate of subpatterns (24 or 44) is obtained 99.1% and recognition rate is obtained 100 %.