• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2014

One of major purposes of these standard technologies is to ensure interoperability between entities from different vendors and enable interworking between various technologies. As interoperability and interworking are essential for machine-to-machine communications (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) for them to achieve their ultimate goal, i.e., things to be connected each other, multiple standards organizations are now working on development M2M/IoT related specifications. This paper reviews the current activities of some of the most relevant standardization bodies in the area of M2M and IoT: third-generation partnership project (3GPP) core and radio network aspects, broadband forum, and oneM2M. The major features and issues being focused upon in these standards bodies are summarized. Finally, some key common trends among the different bodies are identified: a common service layer platform, new technologies mitigating an explosive growth of network traffic, and considerations and efforts related to the development of device management technologies.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2022

Monolithic three-dimensional (M3D) logics such as M3D-NAND, M3D-NOR, M3D-buffer, M3D 2×1 multiplexer, and M3D D flip-flop, consisting of modularized M3D inverters (M3D-INVs), have been proposed. In the previous M3D logic, each M3D logic had to be designed separately for a standard cell library. The proposed M3D logic is designed by placing modularized M3D-INVs and connecting interconnects such as metal lines or monolithic inter-tier-vias between M3D-INVs. The electrical characteristics of the previous and proposed M3D logics were simulated using the technology computer-aided design and Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis with the extracted parameters of the previously developed LETI-UTSOI MOSFET model for n- and p-type MOSFETs and the extracted external capacitances. The area, propagation delay, falling/rising times, and dynamic power consumption of the proposed M3D logic are lower than those of previous versions. Despite the larger space and lower performance of the proposed M3D logic in comparison to the previous versions, it can be easily designed with a single modularized M3D-INV and without having to design all layouts of the logic gates separately.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2013

Under an imperfect channel estimation, a Device-to-Device (D2D) communication framework based on MIMO relay technology is presented. The model consists of a D2D pair equipped with M antennas and a relay equipped with N antennas as well as a cellular user equipped with M antennas. The outage probability under different relaying protocols (i.e. AF and DF protocol) with and without considering a direct link was derived. The actual and theoretical outage probability of the five links under different antenna numbers was emulated. The number of user antennas and channel estimation error was analyzed carefully to determine their impact on the outage probability of a system. The simulation verified the theory analyses and the results showed that MIMO relaying improves the D2D communication system performance.

• 한국정보보호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보보호학회 1996년도 종합학술발표회논문집
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• pp.326-335
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• 1996

In this paper, we quantify the tradeoff between security and performance in secure data communication systems based on the queueing theory, and propose the optimization methods, such as the preprocessing, a message segmentation, compression, integration of compression and encryption and integration of user authentication and access control, which are able to reduce the delay induced by the security mechanisms and protocols. Moreover, we analyze the average delay for the secure data communication systems through the computer simulations, which are modeled by M/M/1, M/E$_2$/1 and M/H$_2$/1 queueing systems, respectively. We consider the DES, RSA digital signature and the combination of IDEA and RSA as security mechanisms for applying security services.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2015

About 30% of Mongolian population is populated in the capital of the nation. Too many hospitals are concentrated in size as compared to the capital. This creates a difficult environment to provide equal distribution of medical benefit. In order to resolve this issue of medical benefit inequality, a portable/travelling medical treatment system using 'M-LIMS' is proposed for real-life application. The system with M-LIMS to be designed will include functions such as composing, sharing charts among doctors, standardizing charts. M-LIMS will be designed considering Mongol's regional characteristics, and application plans will be proposed accordingly.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.609-616
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• 2014

최근의 정보통신산업은 IT에서 ICT로 발전하였고 ICT의 영역 중에서 M2M이 IoT로 진화하고 있는 중이다. IoT 산업이 발전함에 따라 IoT와 다른 산업을 융합하고자하는 노력을 지속하고 있다. 그중 하나의 예로 스포츠 산업과의 융합을 들 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 IoT와 융합된 여가 스포츠에 있어서 선진형 여가 스포츠 산업의 발전에 대한 기초연구로서 키워드를 중심으로 한 문헌을 통한 정보 분석을 수행한다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2002

The numerical alaysis of optical device, silicabased device, are presented. The purpose of this paper is to simulate and to design a 8-channel optical wavelength division multiplexer(OWDM) based on Mach-Zehnder Interferometer(MZI) with wavelength spacing between channels Δλ=0.8 nm at central wavelength λ=1.55 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. In initial condition fur simulating, we assumed as follows. A channel waveguide is made from silica based P-doped SiO2 core layers in order to coupling with a fiber easily and its core dimension was 6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$\times$6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. The core and clad index of channel waveguide were 1.455 and 1.444, separately, at λ=1.55 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Where, the separation between channel waveguides in coupling region was 3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. As a result of analysis, a group mode index of channel waveguide was 1.4498370, was gained by Hermite-Gaussian Method(HGM). Also, the channel spacing was determined by the waveguide arm length difference and was Δλ=0.8 nm as like a proposed condition. The central wavelength of a designed-multiplexer was activated about wavelength λ=1.55 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, and we certificated that it can be used to 8-channel optical wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1989

Modified phenolics can have a retarding effect on the gelation of wood oil. Modified phenolic resins can be used in media for paint, varnishes, primers, overprinting varnishes, litho, letterpress and rotogravure inks. Varnishes based on rosin phenolic are faster drying, have better durability, are harder and glosser, and have greater resistance to water than ones based on ester gums. These physical properties is concerned with molecular weight distribution of rosin modified phenol resin. This paper was studied about molecular weight distribution of rosin phenolics which were prepared between $130~250^{\circ}C$. The results were as follows: 1) Average molecular weights inereased with increasing reaction temperature. 2) $M_w/M_n$ were from 3.43 to 46.44 with increasing reaction temperature and so the molecular weight distributions were changed from random distribution to broad distribution. 3) The relation ship between intrinsic viscosity and weight average molecular weight was follows: $[{\;}{\;}]={\;}1{\times}{\;}10^{-6}M_w,{\;}M_w=M_w$ 4) Esterification reaction between the acid group of rosin and polyol was started about $230^{\circ}C$$.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2006

Proofing is one of the inspection operations of printing and can be considered a process control step. The three main kinds of proofs are press proofs, photomechanical proofs, and digital proofs. Photomechanical and digital proofs are also generally refered to as "off-press" proofs. Off-press color proofs are more economical than press proofs. Digital proofs offer fast production time along with a much lower cost per page. Hard-copy digital proofs can be output using thermal transfer printers, ink jet printers, and color laser copiers, as well as dye sublimation and electrophotographic technology. Ink jet method is commonly using because of the reasonal price. But ink jet system is difficult to reproduce an exact color proof. This research was carried out for the purpose of optimization of ink jet color proofing, using two kinds of ink jet printers with 6 colors (C, M, Y, K, mC, mM) and 4 colors (C, M, Y, K) system.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2014

IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)의 CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) 프로토콜은 작은 용량의 메모리와 저전력 등 제한된 환경에서 센서나 구동체 노드 간에 통신을 지원한다. CoAP 프로토콜은 HTTP와 쉽게 상호 변환할 수 있으며, 사물인터넷(Internet of Thing : IoT)와 M2M (Machine-to-Machine) 환경에서 저전력 센서와 구동체 네트워크를 통한 기반 시설을 감시하거나 관리할 수 있다. IETF CoRE(Constrained RESTful environments) 워킹그룹(Working Group)에서 2010년에 CoAP 프로토콜에 대한 표준화를 시작하여 최근에 RFC(Request for Comments) 7252로 발표한다 [2]. 본 논문에서는 이질적인 운영 환경에서 CoAP 프로토콜을 설계하고 구현하여 상호 호환성을 검증한다. 이를 위해 CoAP 클라이언트에는 윈도우 기반의 CoAP 프로토콜을 실현하고, CoAP 서버에는 리눅스 기반의 CoAP 프로토콜을 구현하여 상호 연동 실험을 실시하여 동작을 확인한다.