• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.81-96
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of vegetation changes and structures in the buffer green zone of Sihwa Industrial Complex and propose environmental, ecological and multi-functional vegetation management directions. The density of the Pinus thunbergii decreased from $23.1trees/100m^2$ in 2006 to $9.6trees/100m^2$ in 2017 due to the influence of thinning works. Its green volume increased from $0.97m^3/m^2$ to $2.02m^3/m^2$, contributing to the improvement of the atmospheric environment and promotion of biodiversity. The density of deciduous broad-leaved trees at the top maintained at $18{\sim}21trees/100m^2$. In the areas where the understory vegetation was removed, Pueraria lobata spread as an invasive plant and disturbed the forest. In the areas where the understory vegetation was not removed, various native plant species including the Rhus javanica and Celtis sinensis were introduced and contributed to the development of a forest in a multiple structure. There was a concern with the spread of Robinia pseudoacacia which developed into understory vegetation in Pinus thunbergii forest and some canopy forest. The study proposed vegetation management directions for the back, top and front side according to the physical structure of large-scale buffer green zone formed in a long linear form and the usage characteristics of adjacent land.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2001

To investigate weathering and surface characteristics of coating film on lumbers coated with Hwangchil(varnish of Dendropanax morbifera), we carried out to investigate the resistance against discoloration, value of crack and surface characteristics of coating films on seven domestic lumbers and those of four introduced tropical lumbers. There was investigated to evaluate the properties of coating films by the varnish of Dendropanax morbifera. There was insignificant correlations between the hardness and moisture contents of each lumber treated by the varnish. There was no significant correlations between the thickness of coating film and the hardness, either. Although we investigated 11 wood species, we found only three species as resistance wood species against discoloration; Diospysos spp., Abies holophylla and Ulmus davidiana. The crack of coaing films was the largest on Zelkova serrata followed by Juglans sinensis, Cercidiphum japonicum, Tectona grands, Ulmus davidiana, Guibourtia tessmannii, Diospysos spp. and Dalbergia latifolia. However, there was no crack of coating films on the lumbers of Juniperus rigida, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea and Abies holophylla. The crack of coating film showed positive correlations with the thickness of coating film and hardness. The surface characteristics of the coating films evaluated on the basis of $R_{a}$ values indicated the lumbers of Ulmus davidiana($0.14{\;}{\mu}m$), Juniperus rigida($0.1 5{\;}{\mu}m$), Guibourtia tessmannii($0.19{\;}{\mu}m$), Dalvergia latifolia($0.20{\;}{\mu}m$) and Diospysos spp.($0.20{\;}{\mu}m$), Cercidiphum japonicum($0.24{\;}{\mu}m$) as good species while there was insignificant differences between softwoods and hardwoods. Tectona grands, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea and Abies holophylla showed rough surface with $1.53~2.63{\;}{\mu}m$ of $R_a$ values. The four kinds of rough indices($R_a,{\;}R_z,{\;}R_{max}{\;}and{\;}R_q$) showed very low correlations with moisture contents with the correlation coefficients. The $R_a{\;}and{\;}R_{max}$ also showed slight relationship with hardness.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.93-114
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• 1993

The vegetation of Mt. Mudeung was investigated from April, 1991 to September, 1992. The units of vegetation were classified 10 units by the Braun-Blanquet's phytosociological method. The forest vegetation was classified into 10 communities, Pinus densiflora, Pinus vigida, Chamaecyparis obtusa afforestation, Quercus mongolica, Q. variabilis, Q. serrata, Q. acutissima, Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, Hylomecon hylomeconoides and Drosera rotundifolia community. Based on the classification, the actual vegetation map and degree of green naturality were drawn in 1:50,000 scale. The vertical distribution of the main component species was investigated based on the vegetation data of the EN slope and SW slope of Mt. Mudeung from altitude 200m to top.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1988

The environmental gradient analyses were aplied for the ordination of forest vegetation in Mt. Naejang national park area in Korea. The species population sequence along soil moisture gradient, mesic to xeric, was shown in following order: Zelkova serrata, Celtis sinensis, Lindera erythrocarpa, Cornus controversa, Acer mono, Carpinus tschonoskii, Quercus aliena, Daphniphyllum macropodum, Torreya mucifera, Carpinus laxiflora, Quercus serrata, Quercus variabilis, Quercus mongolica and Pinus densiflora in tree species and Acer pseudo-siebolidianum var. koreanum, Lindera obtusiloba, Styrax obassia, Styrax japonica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum and Rhododendron schlippenbachii in shrub species. Ten ecological groups of tree were grouped and coincided with the vegetational units in phytosociological classification by Z-M method, associations. Four vegetation types, cove forest with Zelkova serrata and Lindera erythrocarpa, hornbeam forest with Carpinum laxiflora and Carpinum tschonoskii, oak forest with Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica and pine forest with Pinus densiflora as the dominant species were separated in mosaic chart by the two dimensional analyses of elevation and soil moisture gradient.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.311-313
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• 1991

This study revealed the infection status of p. larva with the metacercariae of M. orientalis in the Sunam stream of the Nakdong River, a well-known focus of Clonorchis sinensis. A total of 60 P larva were divided into :l groups by the size (80~90, 70~79, 60~69 and 50~59 mm) and were digested by pepsin-HCI solution in a $36^{\circ}C$ incubator. The metacercariae of M orientalis were collected and counted under a stereomicroscope. A total of 3,885 metacercariae were found, and average number/fish in each group were 143, 54, 23 and 40. They were $175.3{\times}155.4{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$ in average size and had thick cyst wall($13.1{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$ in average), By the results, it is proved that the life cycle of M. orientalis is actively maintained in the Sunam stream of the Nakdong River.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.82-85
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• 1992

To evaluate the role of hepatobiliary (DISIDA) scan in the diagnosis of biliary obstruction, we studied the clinical characteristics of 9 cases with biliary obstructuon, whose hepatobiliary scans and ultrasonography were not concordant (normal ultrasonography and abnormal hepatobiliary scan). The results were as follows; 1) The main chief complaints (89%) were abdominal pain, especially in RUQ area. The levels of serum bilirubin were elevated in 67% of patients $(normal\sim5.9mg/dl)$ and those of alkaline phosphatase were elevated in 78% of patients $(normal\sim724U/L)$. 2) The final diagnoses were CBD stones (67%), tumor (22%) and 3 cases were associated with C. sinensis. 3) The major obstruction sites were in distal CBD (89%). From the above results we concluded that hepatobiliary scan is a useful diagnostic method of biliary obstruction, especially in distal CBD lesion and early stage, in spite of normal ultrasonography.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.32-38
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• 1999

This paper search the difference between the village groves for enclosing and the village groves for rest in Chinan-Kun region. Both charged 72.5%(37 groves) of all(51 groves). The form of village groves for rest was various, but that of those for enclosing was linear. The average area of village groves for enclosing was 2,755.4$m^2$ and that of those for rest was 661.2$m^2$. So village groves for enclosing was 4.2 times larger than that of those for rest. In function of village groves, it was identified that function of complementing vacant part was more important than of rest in human settlement region. In the transformation of village groves, the village groves for enclosing were transformed into other productive use than those for rest. Although the worship service were performed annually in the past, that were almost disappeared in present. The forest state of village groves were almost deciduous ones. In vegetation structure, the number of upper trees of village groves for enclosing was 5 times more than that of those for rest. In average appearing rate of upper trees, the village groves for enclosing was 2 times more than that of those for rest. The most principal dominent species of both in upper trec was Zelkova serrata. The species showing highly appearing rate of upper trees were Zelkova serrata, Carpinus tschonoskii, Celtis sinensis, Qercus acutissima, Pinus densiflora, Castanea crenata, Salix glandulosa. etc.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 1996

Selection of Al tolerant woody plants, and possibility of reforestation with the Al tolerant plants in soil conditions with different Al content, topography and slope exposures were studied on the slopes around Yeocheon Industrial Complex. Root growth in length of plants grown in 1/2 Steinberg solution decreased with increased Al concentrations of the solution. Relative root length showed that Paulownia coreana, Celtis sinensis and Firmiana simplex were sensitive to $500\muM$ Al, Pinus koraiensis, Alnus japonica and Ligustrum japonicum were intermediate, and Pinus rigida, P. densiflora and P. thunbergii were tolerant to $1, 000\muM$ Al. Coniferous plants appeared to be more tolerant to Al than deciduous ones. Soil pH was 4.2 and Al content was 509 ppm in average around the Yeocheon industrial complex. Al content and soil acidity were more deteriorated on the foothill and slope facing to the pollution source from the industrial complex than on the ridge and opposite slope.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.275-280
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• 2019

This study was performed to certify the inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts from sixty-seven medicinal plants on the activity of xanthine oxidase in vitro. Among the sixty-seven medicinal plants, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Citrus aurantium L., Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., Pueraria thunbergiana (Sieb. et Zucc.) Benth., Citrus unshiu Marcor., Rubus coreanus Miquel, Camellia sinensis L., and Poncirus trifoliata Raf. were regarded as effective anti-gout sources. The active substances of P. multiflorum root extract were very stable at pH 2.0 and high temperatures. Xanthine oxidase activity was proportionally inhibited when concentrations of P. multiflorum extract increased. The aqueous extract from P. multiflorum root at a concentration of 2.0 mg/0.1 mL inhibited xanthine oxidase by 73.8%.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.641-659
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The skin is the outermost organ of the human body and plays a protective role against external environmental damages, such as sunlight and pollution, which affect anti-oxidant defenses and skin inflammation, resulting in erythema or skin reddening, immunosuppression, and epidermal DNA damage. MATERIALS/METHODS: The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of red orange complex H extract (ROC) against ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin photoaging in Skh:HR-2 mice. ROC was orally administered at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks, along with UV irradiation of the mice for 10 weeks. RESULTS: ROC improved UV-induced skin barrier parameters, including erythema, melanin production, transepidermal water loss, elasticity, and wrinkle formation. Notably, ROC inhibited the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α) and melanogenesis. In addition, ROC recovered the UV-induced decrease in the hyaluronic acid and collagen levels by enhancing genes expression. Furthermore, ROC significantly downregulated the protein and mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinases responsible for collagen degradation. These protective effects of ROC against photoaging are associated with the suppression of UV-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and activator protein 1 activation. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, our findings suggest that the oral administration of ROC exerts potential protective activities against photoaging in UV-irradiated hairless mice.