• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.272-276
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 과거부터 민간이나 한방에서 널리 사용되어져 온 백작약의 식중독 유발 세균에 대한 항균 활성을 조사해 보고자하였다. 백작약을petroleum ether. chloroform, ethylacetate 및 methanol의 4가지 유기용매 및 열수에 추출하고, Gram(+)세균인 Staphylococcus. aureus 및 Staphylococcus. epidermidis와Gram(-)세균인 Salmonella typhimirium, Salmonella paratyphimirium, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei 및 Pseudomonas aeruginosa에 대한 성장 억제 실험을 해 본 바, 백작약의 methanol 추출물이 10 mg/mL 농도에서 Salmonella typhimurium에 대해 가장 높은 항균력을 나타내었다. Staphylococcus aureus에 대한 항균력은 백작약의 ethylacetate 추출물이 5 mg/mL에서 가장 큰 항균 효과를 보였으며, 액체 배지에 배양한 경우 5~10 mg/mL 농도에서 18시간까지 성장 억제 효과가 나타났다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2006

Radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of Laminaria japonica and fermented its extracts were evaluated. Freeze-dried L. japonica was fermented by Aspergillus oryzae and extracted with distilled water. The extract solution was mixed with ethanol and centrifuged. The supernatant was ethanol soluble fraction, non-polysaccharide fraction (ESF), and residue was ethanol insoluble precipitation, polysaccharide fraction (EIP). ESF was subjected to sequential fractionation with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. To determine the radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of these, DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical scavenging activities and linoleic acid oxidation were tested. Among the extracts, ESF of fermented L. japonica showed the highest radical scavenging activity. The ESF showed DPPH radical scavenging activity of 64.33% at concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$. It was higher than 57.70% of vit. C. Ethyl acetate and butanol fraction had high value of radical scavenging and antioxidant activities, especially butanol fraction of fermented L. japonica was 79.48 % of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity at concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$. The fermented L japonica had radical scavenging and antioxidant activities higher than L. japonica. These results suggest that fermented L japonica is healthy food having radical scavenging and antioxidant activities.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of Camellia japonica extracts for cosmetic applications. Antimicrobial effects of C. japonica were determined against Bacillus cereus by methanol extract of new leaf, stem and stem-leaf; Malassezia pachydermatis, by methanol extract of new leaf and stem-leaf. A methanol extract of new leaf of C. japonica showed strong antimicrobial effect using paper disc method against most species especially in Staphylococcus aureus. Antioxidative activities of C. japonica seed oils were determined by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. The value of $EC_{50}$ of DPPH scavenging activity was 500 mg/mL and that of ABTS scavenging activity was 96.10 mg/mL. C. japonica oil extracts showed lower antioxidative activities than those of gallic acid and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Electron microscopic observation of damaged virgin hairs of different ages gave a stabilizing effects after C. japonica seed oil treatment. These results indicated that the extracts of stem, leaf and seed of C. japonica could be used as cosmetic ingredient combined with appropriate formula.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2005

이 연구는 동해 연안에서 토속종인 개다시마(K. crassifolia) 와 이식종인 다시마(L. japonica)의 실내 배양에서 온도와 조도에 대한 특성을 비교하였다. 유주자 단계에서 수온 $15{\~}20^{\circ}C$도일 때 24시간 안에 $95\%$의 포자 발아가 이루어진 반면 개다시마는 48시간 안에 $90\%$를 보였다. 배우체의 성장은 $10^{\circ}C$와 $15^{\circ}C$도에서 생장이 좋았는데 이입종인 다시마는 $80{\~}l20{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$ 고조도에서 최대를 보였고 토속종인 개다시마는 $40{\~}80{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$ 낮은 조도에서 최적을 보였다. 아포체의 성장은 개다시마는 $10^{\circ}C$, $40{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$ 조도에서 생장이 좋은 반면 다시마는 수온 $10{\~}20^{\circ}C$와 $40{\~}l20{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$ 조도의 다양한 조건에서 생장이 좋게 나타났다. 개다시마의 배양 최적 조건은 이입종 다시마에 비해 수온과 조도의 범위로 볼 때 매우 협소하게 나타나 이는 개다시마가 깊은 곳에 서식하는 바다환경의 특성을 잘 반영해주고 있다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.311-315
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• 2003

This study was carried out to compare chromosomal characteristics between Atractylodes japonica and A macrocephala. Cytogenetic analysis was conducted based on karyotype analysis and physical mapping using fluorescence in situ hybridization. As a result of karyotype analysis by feulgen staining, somatic chromosome numbers of A. japonica and A. macrocephala were 2n=24. The length. of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes of A. japonica ranged from $0.70\;to\;1.60{\mu}m$ with a total length. of $12.11{\mu}m$ and the homologous chromosome complement comprised six metacentrics, five submetacentrics and one subtelocentrics. On the other hand, the length of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes of A. macrocephala ranged from $0.90\;to\;2.35{\mu}m$ with a total length of $16.58{\mu}m$ and the homologous chromosome complement comprised seven metacentrics and five submetacentrics. The total length of A. japonica chromosomes was shorter than that of A. macrocephala, but A. japonica had one subtelocentrics (chromosomes 4) different from A. macrocepha1a. chromosomes. The F1SH technique using 17S and 5S rDNA was applied to metaphase chromosomes. The signals for 17S rDNA were detected on the telomeric regions of chromosomes 4 and 5 in both A japonica and A. macrocephala. The 5S rDNA signal was found in the short arm of chromosome 1.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

본 조사는 2004년 4월 1일부터 2005년 2월 28일까지 10개월간 장척늪(경남 창녕군 대합면)에 대하여 서식환경, 대형수생식물분야를 기초조사한 것이다. 장척호의 관속식물상은 14과 17속 18종으로 조사되었고 이중 습생식물이 2과 2속 2종, 정수 성수생식물이 3과 5속 6종, 침수성수생식물이 1과 1속 1종, 부엽성수생식물이 5과 5속 5종, 부유성수생식물이 2과 3속 3종으로 나타났다. 생활형 내에서의 우점도는 연꽃과 마름, 갈대, 나도겨풀이 가장 높아 그 우점도는 5 정도이고, 붕어마름과 자라풀도 높게 나타났지만 저수지 일부분에 국한되어 분포하므로 그 우점도는 1 정도이다. 장척호의 식생은 5개 군락으로 조사되었고 수면부에는 거의 전 수면에 마름군락이 형성되어 있으며 수변부를 따라서 자라풀이 흔히 혼생한다. 서쪽 수변부에는 갈풀군락이 형성되어 있고 남쪽 댐주변과 북쪽 마을주변에는 연꽃군락이 형성되어 있다. 동쪽 영산휴게소 인근 만곡지점에는 갈대군락이 형성되어 있으며 수변을 따라 물억새군락이 대상으로 산재분포한다. 나도겨풀군락(Leersia japonica Community)의 우점종인 나도겨풀의 건중량은 $85.91g/m^{2}$이고, 밀도는 1,730.40개/$m^{2}$이다. 마름군락(Trapa japonica Community)의 우점종인 마름의 건중량은 $36.25g/m^{2}$이고, 밀도는 15.20개/$m^{2}$ 이다. 연꽃군락(Nelumbo nucifera Community)의 우점종인 연꽃의 건중량은 $30.59g/m^{2}$이고, 밀도는 11.20개/$m^{2}$이다. 물억새군락 (Miscanthus sacchariflorus Community)의 물억새는 건중량이 $180.50g/m^{2}$이고, 밀도는 124.80개/$m^{2}$로 나타났다. 갈대군락(Phragmites communis Community)의 우점종인 갈대의 건중량은 $159.50g/m^{2}$이고, 밀도는 60.00개/$m^{2}$이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.870-876
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• 2001

동충하초를 첨가한 기능성 죽을 제조하고자 4차원 반응표면 분석에 의하여 배합조건에 따른 관능적 품질에 대한 최적조건을 모니터링하였다. 동충하초를 이용한 즉석죽의 제조시 색상에 대한 최적조건은 수침미에 대한 찹쌀의 비율이 38.52% 주입액 함량이 321.46mL 동충하초의 함량이 1.30g 이었으며 맛에 대한 최적조건은 수침미에 대한 찹쌀의 비율이 64.86% 주입액 함량이 270.66mL 동충하초의 함량이 2.32g 이었다. 향에 대한 최적조건은 수침미에 대한 찹쌀의 비율이 36.75% 주입액 함량이 323.40mL 동충하초의 함량이 1.42 g 이었다. 조직감에 대한 최적조건은 수침미에 대한 찹쌀의 비율이 65.33% 주입액 함량이 275.37mL 동충하초의 함량이 2.41g 이었다. 즉석죽의 전반적인 기호도에 대한 최적조건은 수침미에 대한 찹쌀의 비율이 40.94% 주입액 함량이 342.79 mL 동충하초의 함량이 1.27g으로 나타났다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.281-288
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• 1997

This study was performed to find out the mineral cycles of sulphur in dynamic grassland ecosystems in a steady state condition at the northwest side on Mt. Kwanak. The experimental results may be summarized on the communities of a Zoysia japonica and a Miscanthus sinensis as follows. As compared with some properties of the surface soils among two semi-natural grasslands, sulphur war greater quantity in a Miscanthus sinensis than in a Zoysia japonica on Mt. Kwanak . For the case of steady production and release, the raion of annual mineral production to the amount accumulated on the top of mineral soil in a steady state provides the estimates of release constant k. The release constants on sulphur of the litter were 0.54 in a Zoysia japonica and 0.36 in a Miscanthus sinensis grassland. The half times of S required for the release or accumulation of the litter on the grassland were 1.28 years in a Zoysia japonica and 1.93 years in a Miscauthus sinensis The amounts of annual cycles for sulphur in the grassland ecosystem under the steady-state conditions were 20.65g /$m^2$ in a Zoysia japonica and 26.28g /$m^2$ in a Miacanthus sinensis grassland. Key words: Zoysia japonica Miscanthus sinensis Mt. Kwanak, Sulphur, Mineral cycles.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제29권
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• pp.2.1-2.7
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• 2014

Objectives Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone important in the maturation of a broad spectrum of protein. In this study, an HSP90 gene was isolated from Asian paddle crab, Charybdis japonica, as a bio-indicator to monitor the marine ecosystem. Methods This work reports the responses of C. japonica HSP90 mRNA expression to cellular stress by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-nonylphenol (NP) using real-time. reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results The deduced amino acid sequence of HSP90 from C. japonica shared a high degree of homology with their homologues in other species. In a phylogenetic analysis, C. japonica HSP90 is evolutionally related with an ortholog of the other crustacean species. The expression of HSP90 gene was almost distributed in all the examined tissues of the C. japonica crab but expression levels varied among the different body parts of the crabs. We examined HSP90 mRNA expression pattern in C. japonica crabs exposed to EDCs for various exposure times. The expression of HSP90 transcripts was significantly increased in C. japonica crabs exposed to BPA and NP at different concentrations for 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours. The mRNA expression of HSP90 gene was significantly induced in a concentration- and time-dependent manner after BPA or NP exposures for 96 hours. Conclusions Taken together, expression analysis of Asian paddle crab HSP90 gene provided useful molecular information about crab responses in stress conditions and potential ways to monitor the EDCs stressors in marine environments.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2012

Objectives : The objective of this study is to study the effects of hot aqueous extract and ethanol extract from $Lonicera$ $japonica$ $Flos$ on nitric oxide(NO) and prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ production in macrophage. Methods : $Lonicera$ $japonica$ $Flos$ was extracted in two ways. One was extracted with distilled water(2L) for 4 h and the other one was extracted with 70% ethanol (2L) for 4h. The RAW 264.7 macrophage was subclutured. In order to evaluate cytotoxicity, MTT assay was performed. The concentrations of NO were measured by Griess assay. The concentrations of $PGE_2$ were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Results : 25, $125{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ hot aqueous extract from $Lonicera$ $japonica$ $Flos$ inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages significantly. 25, 125, $625{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ ethanol extract from $Lonicera$ $japonica$ $Flos$ inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages significantly. 150, $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ hot aqueous extract and ethanol extract from $Lonicera$ $japonica$ $Flos$ inhibited $PGE_2$production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages significantly. Conclusions : This study suggests that hot aqueous extract and ethanol extract from $Lonicera$ $japonica$ $Flos$ suppress NO and $PGE_2$ production. So hot aqueous extract and ethanol extract from $Lonicera$ $japonica$ $Flos$ may have an anti-inflammation effect.