• 약학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2009

H2-M3 (M3) is a unique antigen presenting molecule which provides N-formylated peptide to certain type of T cells. Previous observation indicated that NK cell activity is significantly diminished during listerial infection in $H2-M3^{-/-}$ mice. To explore the possibility that M3 expression directly effect on NK cell activity, we measured NK cell activity with or without stimulation of N-formylated peptide on antigen presenting cells. Results indicated that the expression of M3 is not directly influence on NK cell activity. Further study will be focused on the indirect effect of M3 on regulating NK cell activity.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2006

Background: Testosterone is reported to have neuroprotective effect in various neurological diseases. Recently, the mechanism involved in nitric oxide (NO)-mediated motor neuron death is under extensive investigation. The Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mutations has been implicated in selective motor neuron death of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and it is said to play an important role in NO-mediated motor neuron death. However, neuroprotective effect of testosterone on motor neuron exposed to NO has rarely been studied. Methods: Motor neuron-neuroblastoma hybrid cells expressing wild-type or mutant (G93A or A4V) SOD gene were treated with $200{\mu}M$ S-nitrosoglutathione. After 24 hr, cell viability was measured by MTT assay. To see the neuroprotective effect of testosterone, pretreatment with 1 nM testosterone was done 1 hr before S-nitroglutathione treatment. To study the mechanism of protective effect, $20{\mu}M$ flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) was also pretreated with testosterone 1 hr before S-nitroglutathione treatment. Results: S-nitrosoglutathione showed significant neurotoxic effect in all three cell lines. Percentage of cell death was somewhat different in each cell line. 1 nM testosterone showed neuroprotective effect in G93A and wild-type cell line. In A4V cell line, testosterone did not showed neuroprotective effect. The neuroprotective effect of testosterone was reversed by $20{\mu}M$ flutamide. Conclusions: These results indicate that testosterone induces neuroprotection in NO-mediated motor neuron death directly through the androgen receptor. This neuroprotective effect of testosterone varies according to the types of SOD1 gene mutation. These data suggest that testosterone may be of therapeutic value against ALS.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2002

This study was designed to investigate the anti-tumor effects of fresh carrot juice, methanol-extracts, and $\beta$-carotene on the human lung cancer cell line NCI-H1299. The anti-tumor effect was evaluated by the MTT assay in vitro. The anti-tumor effect of fresh carrot juice against NCI-H1299 lasted up to 96 hours after exposure; the viability rate of lung cancer cells decreased below 50% after 48 hours, and further after 72 hours. The strongest propagation inhibition effect of fresh carrot juice was shown at the concentration of 2000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ after 72 hours and the viability rates was 45.98% even at the concentration of 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. The value of $IC_{50}$/ was 23.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ when the elapsed time was 72 hours. The viability rate of methanol-extract was 52.4% under the concentration of 2000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and the elapsed time of 72 hours. Under the concentration of 1000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and the elapsed time of 48 hours, $\beta$ -carotene decreased the viability rate to 29.99%. The $IC_{50}$/ value of $\beta$-carotene was 691.2$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ after 72 hours. According to the above results, the anti-tumor effect arose in NCI-H1299 when the concentration of the fresh carrot juice or the $\beta$-carotene was more than 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ or 1000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$, respectively. On the other hand, the methanol-extracts showed a weak anti-tumor effect even at a concentration as high as 2000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1204-1210
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• 2011

Objective of this study was to examine the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor on steroid synthesis, growth and apoptosis of buffalo granulosa cells (GCs) in vitro. Follicular fluid of antral follicles (3-5 mm diameter) was aspirated and GCs were cultured in 0 (control), $10^{-3}$, $10^{-5}$, $10^{-7}$, $10^{-9}\;M$ of SNP for 48 h. To evaluate whether this effect was reversible, GCs were cultured in presence of $10^{-5}\;M$ SNP+1.0 mM $N^{\omega}$-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) a NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor or hemoglobin (Hb, $1.0{\mu}g$) as NO scavenger. Nitrate/nitrite concentration was evaluated by Griess method, progesterone and estradiol concentrations by RIA and apoptosis by TUNEL assay. SNP ($10^{-3}$, $10^{-5}$, $10^{-7}\;M$) significantly (p<0.05) inhibited estradiol and progesterone synthesis, growth, disorganized GCs aggregates and induced apoptosis in a dose dependent manner. However, $10^{-9}\;M$ SNP induced the progesterone synthesis and stimulated GCs to develop into a uniform monolayer. Combination of SNP $10^{-5}$ M+L-NAME strengthened the inhibitory effect while, SNP+Hb together reversed these inhibitory effects. In conclusion, SNP at greater concentrations ($10^{-3}$, $10^{-5}$ and $10^{-7}\;M$) has a cytotoxic effect and it may lead to cell death whereas, at a lower concentration ($10^{-9}\;M$) induced progesterone synthesis and growth of GCs. These findings have important implications that NOS derived NO are involved at physiological level during growth and development of buffalo GCs which regulates the steroidogenesis, growth and apoptosis.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1988년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.329-332
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• 1988

In this paper, A analysis method about air gap field of L.I.M. considering Transverse Edge Effect is suggested. Especially, the case of displacement of primary and secondary it can be analysed and criteria for design of L. I. M. is proposed by proving the influance of ratio of width for primary and secondary to the characteristic

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.620-630
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the level of depression, self-esteem and mother-adolescent (M-A) communication perceived by both mothers and adolescents between the early adolescent (E-A) group and the late adolescent (L-A) group; and to examine the actor effect and the partner effect of self-esteem and M-A communication on depression in mothers and adolescents. Methods: Participants were 107 Kirogi families who resided in the Midwest region of the U. S. Data were collected from September, 2008 to March, 2009 using the scales of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D), Self-esteem and Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory. Results: Mothers in E-A group reported higher scores on depression than mothers in L-A group. Adolescents in L-A group reported higher scores on depression and lower scores on self-esteem than adolescents in E-A group. In the E-A group, mothers' selfesteem had big actor effect on mothers' depression and partner effect on adolescents' depression. In the L-A group, selfesteem of mothers and adolescents had actor effect on their depression respectively without partner effect. M-A communication of mothers influences mothers' depression negatively and adolescents' depression positively. In both group, M-A communication influences their depression with mediating effect of self-esteem. Conclusion: To promote Kirogi families' mental health, programs for mothers and adolescents should be developed differently according to adolescents' development stage.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.28-37
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• 2020

진생베리는 진세노사이드 Re을 다량함유하고 있고 항염, 항암, 혈당강하 및 미백효과가 있다. 본 연구에서는 Rhizopus Oligosporus 균주를 이용하여 진생베리 발효공정을 확립하였으며 진생베리 발효물에 대한 화장품 약리활성을 분석하였다. 발효에 의한 인삼 베리 추출물의 전자 공여 능력은 1,000 ㎍/mL 농도에서 81%를 나타냈다. ABTS⁺ 라디칼 소거능 1,000 ㎍/mL 농도에서 100.2% 효과를 나타내었다. 피부 미백과 관련된 티로시나 아제 억제 효과는 1,000 ㎍ /mL 농도에서 57%였다. 피부 주름과 관련된 엘라스타제 억제효과는 1,000 ㎍/mL 농도에서 47%였다. 또한, 콜라게나제 억제 효과는 1,000 ㎍/mL 농도에서 33%였다. 이상의 결과로부터 진생베리 발효물이 항염과 미백, 주름개선 효능을 가진다고 판단된다. 따라서 진생베리 발효물이 향우 항염 및 항노화 화장품 원료로서의 이용 가능성이 매우 높을 것으로 판단된다.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.49-63
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• 2017

본 연구는 중소기업이 M&A를 할 때 중소기업의 집단적 특성이 합병의 공시효과와 합병 이후 장기영업성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 2000년부터 2012년까지 우리 나라의 인수합병 사건 중 코스닥시장에서 중소기업법 제2조와 동법 시행령 제3조의 규정을 적용하여 선정한 중소기업의 사례 717개 사건을 표본으로 사건연구 및 영업현금흐름수익률을 영업성과변수로 하는 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 합병공시효과에 미치는 영향에 있어서는 기존의 한국자본시장을 대상으로 한 선행연구와 동일하게 중소기업 인수합병 사건에서도 규모효과가 존재함을 확인하였으나 다각화효과, 상장효과, 국제간인수합병효과는 확인하지 못하였다. 그리고 일반적 기업을 대상으로 한 선행연구 결과와는 다르게, 중소기업은 인수합병의 공시효과에 있어서 과거의 생산효율성이 높아 과거의 영업성과가 높은 기업들이 더 높은 초과수익률을 올리고 있음을 확인하였다. 둘째, 인수합병의 집단적 특성에 따른 영업성과에 미치는 영향은 비관련합병이 장기영업성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 기존의 선행연구와는 다르게, 평균적인 상장기업에 비해 열위의 시장경쟁력을 가지고 있는 중소기업의 특성상 동종기업과 관련합병을 할 때 생산의 효율성을 극대화하여 장기 영업성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 본 연구는 대기업의 산유물로만 여겨져 왔던 인수합병의 사례를 중소기업에 적용하여 인수합병의 공시효과와 집단적 특성에 따른 장기 영업성과에 미치는 영향을 살펴봄으로써 중소기업 인수합병 사건 연구에 새로운 시각을 제공하였다는 데에 큰 의미를 가지고 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.215-221
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• 1995

S. coelicolor A3(2) cells were treated with various redox-cycling agents on nutrient agar plates and examined for their effect on the growth and differentiation. When treated with plumbagin, severe effect on cell viability was observed at concentrations above 250 $\mu$M. However, the surviving colonies differentiated normally. When treated with 100 $\mu$M paraquat, growth rate was decreased and morphological differentiation was inhibited, while the survival rate was maintained at about 100% even at 5 mM paraquat. Menadione or lawsone did not cause any visible changes at concentrations up to 1 mM. The effect of paraquat was also observed when it was added to nutrient agar plate before spore inoculation. Paraquat had also observed when it was added to nutrient agar plate before spore inoculation. Paraquat had no effect on colonies growing on R2YE agar plates. Among the components of R2YE medium selectively added to nutrient agar medium, CaCl$_2$ was found to have some protective function from the inhibitory effect of paraquat. As a first step to study the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of paraquat on differentiation, resistant mutants which sporulate well in the presence of paraquat were screened following UV mutagenesis. Three paraquat-resistant mutants were isolated with a frequency of 3 $\times$10${-5}$. Their mutation sites were determined by genetic crossings. All three mutations were mapped to a single locus near arg4 at about 1 o'clock on the genetic map of S. coelicolor A3(2).

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 12th Asian Congress of Fluid Mechanics
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• pp.35.1-35.1
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• 2008