• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.188-191
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• 2013

The magnetic properties for sanal's mobility inside of the lymphatic primo vascular system, the so-called Kyungrak (or meridian) system, are investigated under a low static magnetic field with the anatomy technology and optical microscope. One sanal with a size of 1 ${\mu}m$ under microscope selected and separated from the primo vessels of the primo vascular system are observed in rabbits' lymphatic vessels around abdominal aorta and placed in PBS solution with petridish. The moving displacement of sanal versus the measuring time of 20 Oe below a magnetic field of 80 Oe is stronger in dominanting dependence according to the x-direction than y-direction.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.444-453
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• 2023

Objective: Meningeal lymphatic vessels are predominantly located in the parasagittal dural space (PSD); these vessels drain interstitial fluids out of the brain and contribute to the glymphatic system. We aimed to investigate the ability of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in assessing the dynamic changes in the meningeal lymphatic vessels in PSD. Materials and Methods: Eighteen participants (26-71 years; male:female, 10:8), without neurological or psychiatric diseases, were prospectively enrolled and underwent DCE-MRI. Three regions of interests (ROIs) were placed on the PSD, superior sagittal sinus (SSS), and cortical vein. Early and delayed enhancement patterns and six kinetic curve-derived parameters were obtained and compared between the three ROIs. Moreover, the participants were grouped into the young (< 65 years; n = 9) or older (≥ 65 years; n = 9) groups. Enhancement patterns and kinetic curve-derived parameters in the PSD were compared between the two groups. Results: The PSD showed different enhancement patterns than the SSS and cortical veins (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively) in the early and delayed phases. The PSD showed slow early enhancement and a delayed wash-out pattern. The six kinetic curve-derived parameters of PSD was significantly different than that of the SSS and cortical vein. The PSD washout rate of older participants was significantly lower (median, 0.09; interquartile range [IQR], 0.01-0.15) than that of younger participants (median, 0.32; IQR, 0.07-0.45) (P = 0.040). Conclusion: This study shows that the dynamic changes of meningeal lymphatic vessels in PSD can be assessed with DCE-MRI, and the results are different from those of the venous structures. Our finding that delayed wash-out was more pronounced in the PSD of older participants suggests that aging may disturb the meningeal lymphatic drainage.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.263-268
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• 2020

This study is to investigate the effects of manual lymphatic drainage of stressed hospital office employees on the autonomic nervous. A total of 30 stressed hospital office women voluntarily participated in the study. The participants were randomized to the manual lymphatic drainage groups and rest groups. The intervention was conducted for 20 minutes in each group. There were significant differences in sympathetic nerve, parasympathetic nerve, and pain within manual lymphatic drainage groups(p<.05). There were significant differences between groups for the sympathetic nerve, parasympathetic nerve, and pain(p<.05). Therefore, manual lymphatic drainage is an effective intervention for reducing the stress and pain of stressed hospital office employees.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.286-292
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• 1990

Iliopelvic lymphoscintigraphy was performed to visualize the changes of the lymphatic system using Technetium-99m antimony sulfide colloid in carcinoma of uterine cervix. There were no differences between various indices and clinical stages, but comparison with computed tomographic and postoperative findings, there was meaningful difference in index of decrease and increase, respectively. And lymphoscintigraphy showed by pass way of lymphatic channel in 42 cases (16%) and this suggested the presence of normal shunts of lymphatic channels. Iliopelvic lymphoscintigraphy may be useful for evaluation of lymphatic system in carcinoma of uterine cervix, expecially for screening method.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.323-328
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• 2021

Background Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat lymphedema. Volumetric measurements and quality-of-life assessments are often performed to assess the effectiveness of LVA, but there is no method that provides information regarding postoperative morphological changes in lymphatic vessels and veins after LVA. Photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL) is an optical imaging technique that visualizes the distribution of light-absorbing molecules, such as hemoglobin or indocyanine green (ICG), and provides three-dimensional images of superficial lymphatic vessels and the venous system simultaneously. In this study, we performed PAL in lymphedema patients before and after LVA and compared the images to evaluate the effect of LVA. Methods PAL was performed using the PAI-05 system in three patients (one man, two women) with lymphedema, including one primary case and two secondary cases, before LVA. ICG fluorescence lymphography was performed in all cases before PAL. Follow-up PAL was performed between 5 days and 5 months after LVA. Results PAL enabled the simultaneous visualization of clear lymphatic vessels that could not be accurately seen with ICG fluorescence lymphography and veins. We were also able to observe and analyze morphological changes such as the width and the number of lymphatic vessels and veins during the follow-up PAL after LVA. Conclusions By comparing preoperative and postoperative PAL images, it was possible to analyze the morphological changes in lymphatic vessels and veins that occurred after LVA. Our study suggests that PAL would be useful when assessing the effect of LVA surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1240-1258
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• 2022

The lymphatic system provides a route for the spread of inflammation and malignancies. The identification of nodal stations and lymphatic pathways of tumor spread is important for tumor staging, choice of therapy, and the prediction of the prognosis of patients with malignant diseases. Because lymph node metastasis is common in primary intra-abdominal malignant tumors, its detection is essential for radiologists to understand the pattern of disease spread. Using schematic pictures and color-coded CT images, this pictorial essay describes the locations and nomenclature of the abdominal lymph nodes. Furthermore, the lymphatic drainage pathways of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts, liver, gallbladder, bile duct, and pancreas have been highlighted. In addition, lymph nodes belonging to the regional lymph nodes in malignant tumors arising from each organ are described, and certain cases are presented with images from patients.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.9-10
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• 2002

Human circulatory system between heart and tissue is not directly connected in normal condition but mandatory to go through the capillary system in order to fulfill its physiologic aim to deliver oxygen and nutrients, etc. to the tissue and retrieve used blood together with waste products from the tissue properly. When abnormal connection between arterial and venous system (AV fistula), these two circulatory systems respond differently to the hemodynamic impact of this abnormal connection between high pressure (artery) and low pressure (vein) system. Depending upon the location and/or degree (e.g. size and flow) of fistulous condition, each circulatory system exerts different compensatory hemodynamic response to this newly developed abnormal inter-relationship between two systems in order to minimize its hemodynamic impact to own system of different hemodynamic characteristics. Pump action of the heart can assist the failing arterial system directly to maintain arterial circulation against newly established low peripheral resistance by the AV fistula during the compensation period, while it affects venous system in negative way with increased venous loading. However, the negative impact of increased heart action to the venous system is partly compensated by the lymphatic system which is the third circulatory system to assist venous system independently with different hemodynamics. The lymphatic system with own unique Iymphodynamics based on peristaltic circulation from low resistance to high resistance condition, also increases its circulation to assist the compensation of overloaded venous system. Once these compensation mechanisms should fail to fight to newly established hemodynamic condition due to this abnormal AV connection, each system start to show different physiologic ${\underline{de}compensation}$ including heart and lymphatic system. The vicious cycle of decompensation between arterial and vein, two circulatory system affecting each other by mutually negative way steadily progresses to show series of hemodynamic change throughout entire circulation system altogether including heart. Clinical outcome of AV fistula from the compensated status to decompensated status is closely affected by various biological and mechanical factors to make the hemodynmic status more complicated. Proper understanding of these crucial biomechanical factors iii particular on hemodyanmic point of view is mandatory for the advanced assessment of biomechanical impact of AV fistula, since this new advanced concept of AY fistula based on blomechanical information will be able to improve clinical control of the complicated AV fistula, either congenital or acquired.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.261-265
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• 2009

Cystic hygroma, a cystic subtype of lymphangioma, is relatively rare tumor of lymphatic origin. The lesion is a benign, painless, soft, compressible malformation of the lymphatic system. They can arise anywhere along the lymphatic system, however they are usually located in the head and neck regions and in most cases appear by the age of 2 years. The cases in the adult is rarely occurred and a few cases are described in the literature. Surgical excision remains the treatment of choice. But complete extirpation of these lesion is often impossible, because the tumor tends to spread along vital structures. Therefore recurrence rates are accordingly high. This is a case report about 19 year old male patient with cystic hygro a on right retromandibular area. We obtained the successful, functional and esthetic result by surgical excision of the mass. Therefore, we report the case with a review of literatures.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.533-537
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• 1999

Pulmonary lymphangiomatosis is a very rare pulmonary lesion with an aggressive potential that occurs mainly in newborns, infants and young children of both sexes. It is characterized by pulmonary abnormalities of lymphatic system, showing an increased number of complex anastomosing lymphatic channels in the pleura, in the subpleural interlobular septa, and along the bronchovascular lymphatic route and uniformly fatal. We report a case of lymphangiomatosis behaving like lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a 26-year-old woman.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1972.11a
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• pp.69.1-69.1
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• 1972