• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.436-445
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• 2020

Goji berry (Lycium chinense Mill.) is one of medicinal plants. Its leaves has been used to manufacture the functional foods by replacing the dried-fruit because of low production costs. In order to produce the leaves of uniform quality, continuous selection and the establishment of cultivation techniques were required. Among the eleven recommended cultivars, 'Myeongan' showed high yielding and rapid regeneration after cutting. The dried-leaf yield was linearly increased from 106 kg/10a on May 16 to 287 kg/10a on June 20. An appropriate cutting date and cutting length (about 60-70 cm) was important factors for its efficient regeneration. The late cutting times were not suitable due to difficulties during plant harvesting because of stem rigidity and thorn generation. The betaine content of leaves ranged from 1.43 ~ 2.63% and significantly affected by the varieties and the cutting dates. The main physiological functionality of leaf was Angiotesin-1-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, representing the anti-hypertensive. The other physiological functionalities, XOD inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, SOD-like activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and fibrinolytic activity, were not detected or less than 20%.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.329-334
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• 1995

Transformation system of rolC gene, dwarf gene in Lycium chinenese Mill. established by using system. Pin-punctured leaves induced numerous adventious buds in abaxial side when cultured on 3/2 MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L zeatin. Survival rate and shoot regeneration frequency of leaf explants decreased as kanamycin sulfate level increased. Shoot buds were not regenerated on 3/2 MS medium containing 10 mg/L kanamycin sulfate and 2.0 mg/L zeaein. Of the level tested, 10 mg/L of kanamycin sulfate was optimum in selection of kanamycin sulfate resistant plant. Co-culture time of bacteria and leaf explants was affected at the frequency of shoot regeneration and survival of leaf explants. Leaf explants co-cultivated during above 48hr severely decreased survival rate and shooting rate. Best result on survival rate and shooting rate were obtained when exposed for 24 h. 80 explants of 105 leaf explants survived on 3/2 MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L zeatin and 10 mg/L kanamycin sulfate, and 15 shoots was regenerated on the same medium. To select kanamycin sulfate resistant plant, regenerate as cultured on 3/2 MS medium containing 10 mg/L kanamycin sulfate, and obtained 5 kanamycin resistant plants. Southern blot analysis conformed that the rolC gene was incorporated into the genomic DNA of kanamycin resistant plants.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2005

Free radical-scavenging activities of Korean Bulro Kugi (Lycium chinense Mill) fruit, leaf, and root were evaluated. Total phenolic contents of fruit, leaf, and root were $1,078.4{\pm}61.0$, $939.9{\pm}19.8$, and $3,792.2{\pm}106.6mg/L$, and their flavonoids were $396.7{\pm}15.2$, $1,952.9{\pm}21.3$, and $425.3{\pm}13.5mg/L$, respectively (p<0.001). HPLC revealed main polyphenolic compounds in fruit were p-coumaric and syringic acids in fruit, p-coumaric, syringic, and procatechuic acids in leaf, and p-coumaric, syringic, caffeic, and procatechuic acids in root. Highest radical-scavenging activities of superoxide anion and hydroxyl were found in leaf and root, respectively (p<0.001).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2005

Chemical and flavor components of Bulro Kugi (Lycium chinense Mill) fruit leaf, and root were compared. Fructose and glucose were detected in fruit and leaf, and sucrose in root, respectively. Citrate was the highest among organic acids in fruits, and malate in leaf and root Capsaicin was detected in leaf and root. Volatile flavor compounds were extracted by simultaneous distillation and extraction method using Likens and Nickerson's extraction apparatus. Concentrated flavor extract was analysed, and 128 compounds, including 22 acids 15 alcohols, 12 aldehydes, 8 esters, 10 furans, 26 hydrocarbons, 4 phenols, 2 pyrroles, 1 pyrazine, and 28 miscellaneous components. were identified by GC and GC-MS. Main volatile compounds were hexadecanoic acid and 2-furancarboxaldehyde in hot-air dried fruit, hexadecanoic acid and 1-hexadecene in fresh fruit, 3, 7, 11, 15-tetranethyl-2-hexadecan-1-ol and hexadecanoir acid in leaf, and hexadecanoic acid in root.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.385-396
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• 2011

This study was carried out to develop environmental friendly control for major diseases and pests on Boxthorn (Lycium chinense Mill.). Outbreak of Eighteen diseases and pests were found at the Boxthorn organic yards in Chung-nam province. Among them Powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni de Cand.), Hypophyllous mold (Pseudocercospora chengtuensis (Tai)), Western flower trips (Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)), Green peach aphid (Myzus pericae (Sulzer)) and Corn earworm (Helicoverpa armigera) needed to be controled by environmental friendly methods for high fruit yield of organic Boxthorn. In summer(Jun) test Bacilus subtilis QST 713 wettable powder and Sulfur wettable powder were effective and in autumn (Sep.) test Sulfur, Copper hydroxide and Paraffinic oil were relatively effective in Powdery mildew. In Hypophyllous mold control test Paraffinic oil and Bacilus subtilis GB - 0365 were effective with above 70% control value. And it was possible to control Western flower trips by natural enemy (Orius laevigatus) by 80% control value. Corn earworm was possible to control by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai GB413 flowable and Bacillus thuringiensis aizawa 0423 wettable powder application above 70%. And Green peach aphid was controllable with environmental friendly materials, such as, Bacillus subtilis (Seoncho), Bacillus subtilis (Jinsami) above 80% and Ginkgo nut extract above 70% control value.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 1999

In order to investigate the immune response induced by supplementation of herb medical stuff in diet on the nile tilapia. Oreochromis niloticus, experiments were performed with feeding of four different experimental diets supplemented with 2% ginseng. Panax ginseng, 3% Kugija. Lycium chinense, 3% Hasuo, Polygonum multiflorum, 2% Omija, Schizandra chinensis, respectively, for 84 days. The non-specific immune responses changed during the feeding period were investigated at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 weeks in each group. Average body weight of the nile tilapia with supplemented diets was heavier than control group. The fish fed on diet supplemented with 3% Kugija showed the better growth than the other tested groups. Complement activity such as complete hemolytic activity ($CH_{50}$) and bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli tended to be increased by the supplementation of herb medical stuff. The lysozyme activity of serum and adherent phagocyte activity showed higher in the fish fec on diet supplemented with 3% kugija than the other tested groups. In respect to the RPS against experimental Edwardsiella tarda infection, all of the group fed on the herb medical stuff in diet appeared higher response compared with control group. From these results, herb medical stuff (Panax ginseng, Lycium chinense. Polygonum multiflorum, Schizandra chinensis) might be used a additives of diet for the increasing of non-specific immune response or resistance against bacterial fish diseases.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.295-306
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• 2018

Schisandra chinensis (SC) and Lycium chinense (LC) were widely distributed in Asia and the fruit has been used traditionally for medicinal herbs. The processing method was solid-state fermentation using Aspergillus oryzae for 48 h after stir-frying treatment at $220^{\circ}C$ for 12 min. In this study, in vitro the anti-inflammatory effect and in vivo hangover reduction were compared to unprocessed SC and LC water extract. Anti-inflammatory effects have been evaluated in pro-inflammatory mediators which were secreted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Nitric oxide (NO) was determined using Griess reaction. Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ and interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities were compared to processed SC or LC and mixtures thereof (1:1). In vivo study was compared to hangover relief in alcohol-fed mice. After administering a mixture of SC and LC (300 mg/kg) water extract (1:1), mice were fed 3 g/kg of ethanol. Serum was collected at 1, 3, and 5 h intervals to analyze ethanol and acetaldehyde levels using a colorimetric assay kit. The processed SC and LC water extracts compared to raw materials significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO and inflammatory cytokine production in RAW 264.7 cells. The results of the hangover mouse model are also consistent with anti-inflammatory effects. These results suggest that processed SC and LC extracts may be functional materials for the treatment of inflammation and hangover.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2008

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. has been known as a significant disease which commonly infects to the fruits of Chinese matrimony (Lycium chinese) in the field conditions. To select effective fungicides for the control of Chinese matrimony anthracnose, the antifungal activity of 15 fungicides were evaluated with 13 different strains of Colletotrichum spp. in the laboratory condition. Six fungicides (Dithianon WG, Tebuconazole SC, Tebuconazole WG, Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole SC, Azoxystrobin SC and Polyoxin D zinc salt + Carbendazim WP) out of them, showed effective suppression with the mycelium growth of pathogenic fungus, and were selected to test in vivo of the field condition. Five fungicides, Dithianon WG, Tebuconazole WG, Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole SC, Tebuconazole SC and Azoxystrobin SC, were significantly effective to protect anthracnose of Chinese matrimony, the variety "Chungyang Jerae".

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.09a
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• pp.102-103
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• 2011

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.09a
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• pp.202-203
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• 2011