• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.11
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• pp.775-784
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• 2023

With the increasing trend of extreme rainfall that exceeds the design frequency of man-made structures due to extreme weather, it is necessary to review the safety of agricultural reservoirs designed in the past. However, there are no local government-managed reservoirs (13,685) that can be discharged in an emergency, except for reservoirs over a certain size under the jurisdiction of the Korea Rural Affairs Corporation. In this case, it is important to quickly deploy a mobile siphon to the site for preliminary discharge, and this study evaluated the applicability of a mobile siphon with a diameter of 200 mm, a minimum water level difference of 6 m, 420 (m²/h), and 10,000 (m²/day), which can perform both preliminary and emergency discharge functions, to the Yugum Reservoir in Gyeongju City. The test bed, Yugum Reservoir, is a facility that was completed in 1945 and has been in use for about 78 years. According to the hydrological stability analysis, the lowest height of the current dam crest section is 27.15 (EL.m), which is 0.29m lower than the reviewed flood level of 27.44 (EL.m), indicating that there is a possibility of lunar flow through the embankment, and the headroom is insufficient by 1.72 m, so it was reviewed as not securing hydrological safety. The water level-volume curve was arbitrarily derived because it was difficult to clearly establish the water level-flow relationship curve of the reservoir since the water level-flow measurement was not carried out regularly, and based on the derived curve, the algorithm for operating small and medium-sized old reservoirs was developed to consider the pre-discharge time, the amount of spillway discharge, and to predict the reservoir lunar flow time according to the flood volume by frequency, thereby securing evacuation time in advance and reducing the risk of collapse. Based on one row of 200 mm diameter mobile siphons, the optimal pre-discharge time to secure evacuation time (about 1 hour) while maintaining 80% of the upper limit water level (about 30,000 m²) during a 30-year flood was analyzed to be 12 hours earlier. If the pre-discharge technology utilizing siphons for small and medium-sized old reservoirs and the algorithm for reservoir operation are implemented in advance in case of abnormal weather and the decision-making of managers is supported, it is possible to secure the safety of residents in the risk area of reservoir collapse, resolve the anxiety of residents through the establishment of a support system for evacuating residents, and reduce risk factors by providing risk avoidance measures in the event of a reservoir risk situation.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.243-255
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• 2008

This study was performed to offer basic data base on traditional Korean festival foods for a traditional Korean food data integration system, that is based on literature reviews. The Korean lunar calendar has seasonal divisions reflecting traditional Korean holidays. In the past, there were many customs corresponding to emotions, and foods were in accordance with customs, festivals, and seasons. Today, we are well aware of the traditional Korean foods of New Year's Day(Seollal), the Korean Harvest Festival(Chuseok), the First Full Moon Day(Jeongwol Daeboreum), the Winter Solstice(Dongji), and the hottest summer day(Sambok). However, many other traditional Korean holidays are disappearing from the modem Korean life-style. This study made the following classifications for traditional Korean festivals. Seollal(Seol), Ipchun, and Jeongwol Daeboreum in January; Junghwajeol in February; Samjinnal in March; Hansik and Chopail in April; Dano in May; Yudu and Sambok in June; Chilseok and Baekjung in July; Chuseok in August; Jungyangjeol in September; Siwolmuoil in October; Dongji in November; and Napil and Seotdal Geumeum in December. The familiar traditional Korean festival foods are as follows: Seollal's festival foods consist of 5 main dishes, 35 side dishes, 12 kinds of tteok lyou, 21 kinds of hangwa lyou, 2 kinds of emchong lyou, and 3 kinds classified as others; this includes tteokguk, manduguk, galbijjim, sinseollo, jeon, pyunyuk, kimch, tteok, sikhe, sujunggwa, fruits, and seju on Seollal. The festival foods for Jeongwol Daeboreum consist of 3 main dishes, 27 side dishes, 5 kinds of tteok lyou, 3 kinds of hangwa lyou, 4 kinds of emchung lyou, and 3 kinds classified as others; this includes ogokbap, mugeunnamul, yaksik, yumilkwa, wonsobyung, guibalgisul, and burum on Jeongwol Daeboreum. The festival foods for Sambok consist of 6 main dishes, 18 side dishes, 4 kinds of tteok lyou, 3 kinds of eumchung lyou, and 2 kinds classified as others; this includes yukgaejang, imjasutang, youngyejjim, tteoksudan, santtalgihwaschae, and subak on Sambok. Chuseok's festival foods consist of 4 main dishes, 22 side dishes, 18 kinds of tteok lyou, 6 kinds of hangwa lyou, 4 kinds of eumchung lyou, and 3 kinds classified as others; this includes oryeosongpyeon, toranatang, garijjim, dakjjim, namuls, tteok lyou, baehwachae, and fruits on Chuseok. The festival foods for Dongji consist of 6 main dishes, 6 side dishes, 7 kinds of tteok lyou, 1 kind of hangwa lyou, 2 kinds of eumchung lyou, and 1 kind classified as others; this includes patjug, jeonyak, and dongchimi on Dongji. Based on these data, it is recommended that knowledge of traditional Korean festival foods be handed down, preserving and develop their excellence and to further scientific studys.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.135-145
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• 2012

Traditional village forests called Dangsan forests and Bibo forests in Korea represent an unique cultural landscape with a history of more than several hundred years. Feng-shui forest in China, Satoyama and Shinto shrine forest in Japan are recognized internationally as 'traditional ecological landscapes'. Dangsan forests and Bibo forests have been preserved through generations in the villages, and are no less valuable than Feng-shui forest, and Satoyama. However, the names of Dangsan forest and Bibo forest have not been well recognized worldwide. Dangsan forest in Seoseong-ri, Wando-gun is located on a mountain slope at a riparian forest. It consists of an evergreen broadleaf forest and Carpinus laxiflora forest. The characteristics of Dangsan forest in Seoseong-ri could be found at 10 sacrifice offering places. Two Dangsan trees on the coastal area are included in the sacrifice offering places. Cultural heritage can retain their value when they are fully sustained. Additional construction, demolition or modification should be banned. Furthermore, all means must be taken to facilitate the preservation of monuments and the value and meanings pertaining to them should not be distorted. In a respect of authenticity, Dangsan forest in Seoseong-ri, Wando-gun seems to have original Dangsan culture based on animism with a philosophic background, where a religious service for the mountain god is held at rock of mountain god, and Dangsan ritual is held at shrine on January 8 at 4:00 am by lunar calendar. Relating to the conservation and management of cultural heritage in international discussion, the importance is that whether there is sustainability on the right to the enjoyment of cultural heritage. Dangsan forest in Seoseong-ri is leaved alone to the public. The forest need a social mechanism to support the recovery of deformed shrine and to heighten public awareness of Dangsan forest in order to claim the value as a unique traditional ecological landscape in Korea.