• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2003

Purpose : B1 field of birdcage RF (radiofrequency) coil that is used most for brain imaging in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) decreases toward endring from the coil center. We investigated how much RE B1 homogeneity effect the endcap shield brings form the coil center as it towards to endcap region. Materials and Methods : We compared RF B1 field distribution by each finite difference time domain (EDTD) simulations for lowpass, highpass and hybrid birdcage RF coils. We selected the highpass birdcage RF coil that was the highest RF B1 field condition as simulation result, and studied how much RF B1 homogeneity effect was occurred when endcap shield was applied to endring area. Results : B1 field of the highpass birdcage RF coil was higher than other birdcage RF coil types as simulation result. However, the RF B1 homogeneity was lower than other coil types. RE B1 field of highpass birdcage RF coil with endcap shield is similar with RF B1 field of hybrid birdcage RF coil and the overall RE B1 homogeneity in sagittal direction was better. Conclusion In this paper, proposed method can apply improving RF B1 homogeneity of RF coil in clinical examination.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.905-908
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 class AB opamp 를 채용한 384kHz differential PWM 신호를 입력으로 하는 2-channel stereo audio amplifier 블록을 공급전압 3.3V 조건에서 SMIC 0.18um thick oxide 기술을 이용하여 설계한다. 여기서 class AB opamp 는 공정 변화에 따른 quiescent current가 변하는 것을 최소화하기 위하여 adaptive load 를 사용하며, 전체적으로는 3 차 Butterworth lowpass filter 와 differential-to-single converter 로 구성된 2 개의 audio amplifier 와 출력전압이 ${\frac{1}{2}}Vdd$ 인 common output 블록으로 구성된다. 이러한 설계를 통하여 32ohm 의 저항 load 를 구동할 수 있는 -60dB THD, 전체 quiescent current 2mA 대인 CMOS class AB stereo audio amplifier 를 구현하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.5-12
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• 1982

Through the use of energy ratio of special bandwidths of basic vowels, recognition of Korean basic spoken digit is performed in logical combination with a zero-crossing rate and an energy parameter. In the experiments for recognition of the digits, the speech signal of spoken digits is filtered by a lowpass filter of which the cutoff frequency is 10KHz, and then sampled at 20KHz of sampling rate, In the speech signal processing, we used four FIR digital filters, and the order of filter lengths is 61, 120, 25, 25respectively. The filters are designed by using Remetz exchange algorithm.[13],[14] As a result, the recognition rate of 92% for the three speakers is obstained.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2007

In general, the earlier methods for the design of MAXFLAT FIR filters have existent problems due to the approximation algorithms used to approach MAXFLAT(maximally flat) response in the passband and the stopband.. The proposed approach advanced by using of MAXSHCUT(maximally sharp cutoff) condition in this paper clearly overcomes these problems. In this approach, we use a key parameter represented with filter-order and cutoff-frequency parameters for obtaining the lowpass filters with the MAXFLAT and MAXSHCUT characteristics in the frequency domain. Consequently, this design technique leads to new MAXFLAT and MAXSHCUT FIR digital filter, which can achieve sharp-cutoff responses with the stopband attenuation exceeding 100 dB almost everywhere.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2017

In this paper, complex quadruplet zeros of microwave filter systems are investigated. For the cascaded systems the chain matrices are most conveniently used to derive the voltage transfer function of Laplace transform with cascaded two-port subsystems. The convenient relations of transfer function and chain matrix are used in order to find the transmission zeros. Starting from a ladder network, we introduced a crossed-coupled lumped element, in order to show the improved response of bandpass filter. By solving the transmission zero characteristic equation derived from the cascaded subsystems, we found the zeros of filter system with externally cross-coupled lumped elements. With the cross-coupled elements of capacitors, the numerator polynomial of system transfer function is used to locate the quadruplet zeros in complex plane. When the two pairs of double are on the zeros -axis, with the perturbed values of element, we learned that the transition band of lowpass filter is improved. By solving the characteristic equation of cascaded transfer function, we can obtain the zeros of the cross-coupled filter system, as a result of perturbed values on lumped element.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.83-92
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• 2004

This paper concerns servo filter design for KSR-III gimbal engine actuation system. When the actuator system is attached to engine mount frame, unexpected resonant modes in low frequency can occur and make the control system unstable. In order to prevent the resonance in the actuation system, a proper lowpass servo filter is designed. Based on the dynamic test data including the resonant effect, the shape of the servo filter is determined, and then the corresponding parameters are optimally designed. The best solution is finally selected via dynamic tests including the servo filter.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 1999

A wideband active noise cancelling system involves adaptive filters with hundreds of taps. The computational burden required with these long adaptive filters. This paper presents active noise cancelling system using M-channel QMF filter banks in which the adaptive weights are computed in subbands. The analysis and synthesis filter banks use cosine-modulated pseudo QMF filters. The reference signal for on-line identification of error path transfer characteristics is used to difference signal between the output of adaptive filters and the output of lowpass subband filters. The proposed adaptive subband filter bank suggests robust active noise cancelling system retaining the computational complexity and convergence speed advantaged of subband processing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1017-1025
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• 2008

The air data system(ADS) was developed for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) in this paper. Generally, the ADS helps flight control computer(FCC) to control the UAV above the stall speed and to hold the given altitude. The accurate measurement of airspeed and altitude of UAV is important because it indicates a flight performance and assures a safe flight. The ADS consists of MEMS pressure sensors, a lowpass filter, a micro controller unit and a pitot-tube. The ADS errors were reduced by pressure and temperature compensation of MEMS sensors. Finally, the altitude and airspeed data of the ADS was compared with GPS data in the flight test.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.334-341
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• 1998

In this paper, we present a new interpolation scheme for image enhancement using nonlinear operator. In general, interpolation techniques are based on linear operators which are essentially lowpass filters, hence, they tend to blur fine details in the original image. In our approach, the operator itself balances the strength of its sharpening and noise suppressing components according to the properties of the input image data.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.167-174
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• 2002

This study describes a fetal heart rate(FHR) estimation algorithm using phonogram. Using a phonogram amplifier, various fetal heart sounds are collected in a university hospital. The FHR estimation algorithms consists of a lowpass filter, decimation, envelop detection, pitch detection, and post-processing. The post-processing is the FHR decision procedure using all informations of fetal heart rates. Using the algorithm and other parameters of fetal heart sound, a fetal monitoring software was developed. This can display the original signals, the FFT spectra, FHR and its trajectory. Even though the fetal phonogram amplifier detects the fetal heart sounds well, the sound quality is not so good as the ultrasonography. In case of very week fetal heart sound, autocorrelation of it showed clear periodicity. But two main peaks in one period is an obstacle in pitch detection and peaks are not so vivid. The proposed FHR estimation algorithm showed very accurate and stable results. Since the developed software displays multiple parameters in real time and has convenient functions, it will be useful for the phonogram-style fetal monitoring device.