• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2004

Purpose This study is to find the characteristics of voice quality based on the classifying the sound characteristics and B.M.I. by Sasang Constitution. Methods To make the notion of the consensus of Sasang Constitution's Voice, classification into 4 categories was made: clear/hoarse, high/low, powerful/powerless, fast/slow. Result The voice quality of Soyangin group was classified as powerful and fast, and that of Taeumin group was classified as powerful and hoarse and low, and that of Soeumin group was classified as powerless and clear. The mean B.M.I. of Soeumin group was classified as 21.4, and that of Taeumin group was classified as 26.3. Conclusion 1. Taeumin was significantly high compared with Soeumin in B.M.I. 2. It can be classified as Taeumin when B.M.I. is high(26.3). 3. It can be classified as Soeumin when B.M.I. is low(21.4). 4. The voice quality of Soyangin group was classified as clear and fast, or strong and clear, and that of Taeumin group as powerful and hoarse, and that of Soeumin group as powerless and low.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.520-529
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• 2010

In this paper, we present a low-voltage low-dropout voltage regulator (LDO) for a system-on-chip (SoC) application which, exploiting the multiplication of the Miller effect through the use of a current amplifier, is frequency compensated up to 1-nF capacitive load. The topology and the strategy adopted to design the LDO and the related compensation frequency network are described in detail. The LDO works with a supply voltage as low as 1.2 V and provides a maximum load current of 50 mA with a drop-out voltage of 200 mV: the total integrated compensation capacitance is about 40 pF. Measurement results as well as comparison with other SoC LDOs demonstrate the advantage of the proposed topology.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.43-52
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• 1992

Design low flows were derived from the decision of a best fitting probability distribution and of an optimum transformation method can be contributed to the planning of water utilization and management of various hydraulic structures during dry season in the main river systems in Korea. The results were analyzed and summarized as follows. 1.Basic statistics for the selected watersheds were calculated as one of means for the analysis of extremal distribution. 2.Parameters for the different frequency distributions were calculated by the method of moment. 3.Type m extremal distribution was confirmed as a best one among others for the frequency distribution of the low flows by x$^2$ goodness of fit test. 4.Formulas for the design low flows of the Type m extremal distribution with two and three parameters were dervied for the selected watersheds. 5.Design low flows for the Type m extremal distribution when a minimum drought is zero or larger than zero were derived for the selected watersheds, respectively. 6.Design low flows of the Type m extremal distribution with two parameters are appeared to be reasonable when a minimum drought approaches to zero and the observed low flows varied within a relating small range while those with three parameters are seemed to be consistent with the probability distribution of low flows when a minimum drought is larger than zero and the observed low flows showed a wide range.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.6
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• pp.75-81
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• 1995

InGaAsP/InP uncooled LDs emitting at 1.3$\mu$m wavelength are of interest for several application of fiber-to-the-home, optical interconnection, long-haul high-bit-rate optical transmission systems, etc. The strain compensated PBH-MQW-LD employing 1.4% compressive strained well (${\lambda}=1.3{\mu}m$) and 0.7% tensile strained barrier (${\lambda}=1.12{\mu}m$) layers grown by low pressure metallicorganic vapor phase epitaxy was found to be low threshold current and stable temperature characteristics. The average threshold current of 5.6mA and average slope efficiency of 0.27mW/mA at room temperature were obtained for uncoated uncooled-LD.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.165-173
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• 2001

Objectives : To evaluate the absorbed and effective doses of spiral and computed tomography for the dental implant planning. Materials and Methods: For radiographic projection, TLD chips were placed in 22 sites of humanoid phantom to record the exposure to skin and the mean absorbed dose to bone marrow, thyroid, pituitary, parotid and submandibular glands and nesophagus. Effective dose was calculated, using the method suggested by Frederiksen et al.. Patient situations of a single tooth gap in upper and lower midline region, edentulous maxilla and mandible were simulated for spiral tomography. 35 axial slices (maxilla) and 40 axial slices (mandible) with low and standard dose setting were used for computed tomography. All the radiographic procedures were repeated three times. Results: The mean effective dose in case of maxilla was 0.865 mSv, 0.452 mSv, 0.136 mSv and 0.025 mSv, in spiral tomography of complete edentulous maxilla, computed tomography with standard mAs, computed tomography with low mAs and spiral tomography of a single tooth gap (p<0.05). That in case of mandible was 0.614 mSv, 0.448 mSv, 0.137 mSv and 0.036 mSv, in spiral tomography of complete edentulous mandible, computed tomography with standard mAs, computed tomography with low mAs and spiral tomography of a single tooth gap (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on these results, it can be concluded that low mAs computed tomography is recommended instead of spiral tomography for the complete edentulous maxilla and mandible dental implant treatment planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.8
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• pp.140-152
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• 1995

Derived was the scalar wave equation of optical fibers. Based on the derived equation, the dispersion characteristics of arbitrarily profiled fibers were analyzed. We applied the 1-D FEM employing quadratic interpolation fucntions to solve the scalar wave equation. To find the optimum index distribution of a fiber that has the ultra-low total dispersion, we analyzed QC fibers as objects. Adding 2$_{nd}$ and 3$_{rd}$ clads to DC fiber, we investigated the change of dispersion characteristics. We found the QC fiber parameters for which the dispersion was ultra-low flattened, less than 0.5 ps/km.nm for ${\lambda}=1.4~1.6{\mu}m$, and the dispersion value was as low as 0.20 ps/km.nm at ${\lambda}=1.55{\mu}m$.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.206-211
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• 2008

This study investigated the feasibility of manufacturing a low-sugar wild vine jam by examining viscosity, water content, and pH, as affected by sugar and pectin content. The jams were prepared by adding various amounts of sucrose, glucose, or fructose (1.89 M, 2.34 M, 2.63 M, or 2.92 M) and/ or pectin (0%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.8%, or 1%) to wild vine juice and heating at $90^{\circ}C$ for 3 hrs. A higher viscosity was shown for the jam manufactured with sucrose as compared to those made with glucose or fructose, and the greater the sucrose level the higher the viscosity of the jam. The jam with 50% reduced sugar content showed a similar viscosity to the control jam, which contained only 2.92 M sucrose, when the sugar was co-added with pectin at 0.5% for the low sucrose jam, and at 0.8% for the low glucose or low fructose jams, respectively. The water content of the low sucrose jam was lower than that of the low glucose or low fructose jams, and adding pectin had no significant effect on the water content of the low sugar jam. The pH levels of the jams were not significantly different, regardless of the type and concentration of sugar, temperature, or pectin addition, and ranged between 3.6 and 3.8. Overall, the results clearly show that wild vine jam with 50% reduced sugar content and having the same viscosity as control jam, can be manufactured when pectin and sugar are added together.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.1307-1311
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• 2002

Twelve dietary combinations were prepared using 70 parts of fermented wheat straw (FWS) as the sole roughage supplemented with 30 parts of either the low protein concentrate mixture (Conc.-I), high protein concentrate mixture (conc.-II), maize grains (M), solvent extracted mustard cake (DMC), deoiled rice bran (DRB), uromol bran mixture (UBM), deep stacked poultry litter (DSPL), dried poultry droppings (DPD), M-DMC mixture (50:50), M-UBM mixture (50:50), M-DPD mixture (50:50) or M-UBM-DPD mixture (50:25:25) and evaluated by in-sacco technique. The above dietary combinations were also evaluated by changing the roughage to concentrate ratio to 60:40. The digestion kinetics for DM and CP revealed that FWS:DPD had the highest, whereas, the FWS:M-DMC had the lowest rapidly soluble fraction. The potentially degradable fraction was found to be maximum in FWS:M and minimum in FWS:DPD dietary combinations. The higher degradation rate of FWS:DRB and FWS:UBM combinations was responsible for their significantly (p<0.05) higher effective degradability as compared to other combinations. The highest undegradable fraction noted in FWS:M-UBM-DPD followed by FWS:DMC was responsible for high rumen fill values. The FWS:DRB, FWS:UBM and FWS:DPD combinations had higher potential for DM intake. The dietary combination with higher concentrate level (60:40) was responsible for higher potentially degradable fraction, which was degraded at a faster rate resulting in significantly higher effective degradability as compared to the corresponding dietary combination with low concentrate level (70:30). The low undegradable fraction in the high concentrate diet was responsible for low rumen fill values, which predicted of high potential for DM intake. Out of 24 dietary combinations, FWS with either of UBM, DRB, DMC, Maize, M-DMC or DPD in 70:30 ratio supplemented with minerals and vitamin A in comparison to conventional feeding practice (roughage and concentrate mixture) could be exploited as complete feed for different categories of ruminants.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.393-400
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to suggest a method to reduce the dose by Analyzing the dose area product (DAP) and image quality according to the change of tube current using NEMA Phantom. The spatial resolution and low contrast resolution were used as evaluation criteria in addition to signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR), which are important image quality parameters of intervention. Tube voltage was fixed at 80 kVp and the amount of tube current was changed to 20, 30, 40, and 50 mAs, and the dose area product and image quality were compared and analyzed. As a result, the dose area product increased from $1066mGycm^2$ to $6160mGycm^2$ to 6 times as the condition increased, while the spatial resolution and low contrast resolution were higher than 20 mAs and 30 mAs, Spatial resolution and low contrast resolution were observed below the evaluation criteria. In addition, the SNR and CNR increased up to 30 mAs, slightly increased at 40 mAs, but not significantly different from the previous one, and decreased at 50 mAs. As a result, the exposure dose significantly increased due to overexposure of the test conditions and the image quality deteriorated in all areas of spatial resolution, low contrast resolution, SNR and CNR.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.69 no.4
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• pp.371-381
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• 2019

A hybrid prestressed segmental concrete (HPSC) girder utilizing low carbon materials was developed in this paper. This paper introduces the hybrid prestressing concept of pre-tensioning the center segment and assembling all segments by post-tensioning, as well as the development process of the low carbon HPSC girder. First, an optimized mix proportion of 60 MPa high strength concrete containing high volume blast furnace slag was developed, then its mechanical properties and durability characteristics were evaluated. Second, the mechanical properties of 2,400 MPa high strength prestressing strands and the transfer length characteristics in pre-tensioned prestressed concrete beams were evaluated. Third, using those low carbon materials and the hybrid prestressing concept, the HPSC girders were manufactured, and their structural performance was evaluated. A 30-m long HPSC girder for highway bridges and a 35-m long HPSC girder for railway bridges were designed, manufactured, and structurally confirmed as having sufficient strength and safety. Finally, five 35-m long HPSC girders were successfully applied to an actual railway bridge for the first time.