• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2010.11a
• /
• pp.1009-1010
• /
• 2010

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.82-89
• /
• 2010

The studies published up to now, related to the correlation between spatial structure and visitors' behavior in a museum are rather relatively lacking when it comes to the in-depth consideration for the effect of the actual exhibition environment. So the main purpose of this study is to define the correlation between the light environment and the visitors' behavior. Towards this end, this study uses 'space syntax' to quantify the spatial structure with 'integration', 'connectivity' and 'control value'. Meanwhile, 'tracking score' and 'tracking frequency' were selected as the scope among the indices of behavior's analysis. The results of this study are as follows; First, integration and correlation of tracking score and tracking frequency are lowest when it comes to the extra large historical museums where the difference of intensity of illumination by each convex space. Meanwhile, the most considerable effect is exerted by control value. Compared to tracking score, tracking frequency is closely related to 'syntactic variables'. Second, visitors do not take the short cut the dark exhibition space even when very dark exhibition spaces continue after passing through relatively bright space. Analysis of visitors' behavior by control value in the exhibition space composed of this type of intensity of illumination environment is not valid. Third, visitors move to relatively brighter transitional space compared to the exhibition space with low intensity of illumination when passing through dark exhibition continually. Meanwhile, when visitors pass through the exhibition space there is some difference intensity of illumination they move to relatively dark exhibition center among the subsequent exhibition spaces. Accordingly, when the composition of exhibition space that continues onto the environment of low intensity of illumination is inevitable, differentiating intensity of illumination appropriately would be effective in inducing visit to the subsequent exhibition space.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.173-181
• /
• 2011

Recognition of traffic signs helps an unmanned ground vehicle to decide its behavior correctly, and it can reduce traffic accidents. However, low cost traffic sign recognition using a vision sensor is very difficult because the signs are exposed to various illumination conditions. This paper proposes a new approach to solve this problem using an illuminometer which detects the intensity of illumination. Using the intensity of illumination, the recognizer adjusts the parameters for image processing. Therefore, we can reduce the loss of information such as the shape and color of traffic signs. Experimental results show that the proposed method is able to improve the performance of traffic sign recognition in various weather and lighting conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2003

Platforms of many railroad stations are crowded with passengers regardless of the time throughout day. But the intensity of illumination of the existing lightening systems are so low enough to make passengers feel inconvenience in using platforms. Consequently there exists high possibility of accidents in platforms of low illumination. Hence, for the safety and convenience of passengers, it is necessary to improve the luminous intensity of lightening system for platforms. This paper points out the problems of existing system and presents the method to improve it.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.105-109
• /
• 2014

Purpose: To compare the change of visual acuity and NIBUT after watching smart-phone in 1 hour under low intensity of illumination. Methods: 50 subjects (male 22, female 28) aged 20's years old ($20.7{\pm}2.4$ years) who do not have eye disease and have a good eye condition were participated for this study. Objective refraction, corrected distance visual acuity and NIBUT were measured before and after watching smart-phone (Galaxy 2, Samsung, KOREA) under low intensity of illumination (0 lx.) Objective refraction was carried out using auto-chart project (CP-1000, Dongyang, Korea), phoropter (VT-20, Dongyang, Korea) and auto refractor-keratometer (MRK-3100, Huvitz, Korea). Results: Refractive error was changed from $-3.20{\pm}2.00$ D to $-3.38{\pm}2.00$ D (p=0.006) and corrected distance visual acuity was changed from $0.93{\pm}0.08$ to $0.91{\pm}0.10$ (p=0.000) and NIBUT was changed from $10.48{\pm}7.00$ seconds to $10.29{\pm}6.47$ seconds (p=0.761) before and after watching smart-phone under low intensity of illumination. Conclusions: Continuous watching smart-phone under low intensity of illumination lead to temporal change of distance visual acuity and suitable rest may reduce the influence of distance visual acuity and tear safety.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.13 no.10
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2013

In the Malaysian license plates, alphabets and numerals which are made by plastic, are adhered to a frame as embossing style and occasionally characters in horizontal, vertical directions are aligned with narrow space. So the extraction of character stroke information can be hard in the vehicle images of low illumination intensity. In this paper, Malaysian license plate recognition algorithm for low illumination intensity image is proposed. DoG filtering based character stroke generation method is introduced to derive exact connected components of strokes in the vehicle image of low illumination intensity. After localization of plate by connected component analysis, characters are segmented and recognized. Algorithm is experimented for the 6,046 vehicle images captured in Kuala Lumpur by IR camera without using any special light during day and night. The experimental results show that recognition accuracy of plates is 96.1%.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.61 no.12
• /
• pp.1926-1931
• /
• 2012

We investigated a novel fast non-uniform illumination correction method for bi-level images. The proposed method divides a bi-level image into sub-images and roughly estimates block-wise illumination by low pass filtered maximum values of sub-images. After that, we apply bilinear interpolation using the block-wise illumination to estimate non-uniform illumination, and compensate for the effect of non-uniform illumination using the estimated illumination. Since the proposed method is not based on computation intensive iterative optimization, the proposed method can be used effectively for applications that require fast correction of non-uniform illumination. In simulations, the proposed method showed more than 20 times faster speed than existing entropy minimization method. Moreover, in simulations and experiments, the restored images by the proposed method were more close to true images than images restored by conventional method.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.171-177
• /
• 2008

In this paper we compared the performance of interpolation algorithms for Bayer patterned image sensors under the various illumination intensities. As the interpolation algorithms, we used bilinear color interpolation and adaptive fuzzy color interpolation and our experimentation shows that performance of interpolation algorithms depend on the lighting conditions; in low intensity of illumination, bilinear color interpolation with median filter performs best, in high intensity of illumination, adaptive fuzzy color interpolation performs best, and in between bilinear color interpolation performs best. This study suggested an interpolation scheme which applies different interpolation algorithm according to the intensity of the input image, resuting in the better image quality.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.149-157
• /
• 2014

This paper is based on the fabrication of wireless control system for the building shading device. RF Module was controlled by UHF wireless CC1020 chip which has low electrical power and low electrical voltage. Also 447.8625~447.9875 frequency, 4800Baud data rate and 12.5 kHz channel spacing was controlled by the use of SPDT switch and with Microcontroller program. Furthermore, the helical antenna was used. The starting production of 447.8625~447.9875 kHz wireless electrical power was used. As the result, it did not exceed 10dBm which is the standard of low power wireless system. Shading efficiency was measured at 25%, 50%, 75% direction with controlling the interior temperature and the intensity of illumination at the rate of 1 hour. As the result, the intensity of illumination was lowered to 82~87% at 25% direction with $0.6{\sim}1.4^{\circ}C$ lowered temperature. At 50% direction, the intensity of illumination was lowered to 60~68% with $2.3{\sim}4.1^{\circ}C$ lowered temperature. And at 75% direction, the intensity of illumination was lowered to 41~47% with $3.4{\sim}5.1^{\circ}C$ lowered temperature.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.217-224
• /
• 2014

A major advantage of wavefront reconstruction based on a series of diffracted intensity images using only single-beam illumination is the simplicity of setup. Here we propose a fast-converging algorithm for wavefront calculation using single-beam illumination. The captured intensity images are resampled to a series of intensity images, ranging from highest to lowest resampling; each resampled image has half the number of pixels as the previous one. Phase calculation at a lower resolution is used as the initial solution phase at a higher resolution. This corresponds to separately calculating the phase for the lower- and higher-frequency components. Iterations on the low-frequency components do not need to be performed on the higher-frequency components, thus making the convergence of the phase retrieval faster than with the conventional method. The principle is verified by both simulation and optical experiments.