• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.703-709
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• 2017

This study analyzed the effect on weight and average daily gain, carcass grade, and blood characteristics and immunity in case of dietary addition of pegmatite to Hanwoo steers. Relative to Hanwoo steers, initial body weight was $257.3{\pm}11.74kg$ (8-months old after birth). Forty-eight Hanwoo steers were fed for 24 months using random arrangement (4 treatment plots${\times}$4 heads${\times}$3 repeat). The treatment plot (498.75~500.82 kg) had higher weight during the early fattening stage compared with that of the control plot (474.37 kg) (p<0.05). Regarding total cholesterol of the blood, the value was similar to one during initiation of testing, but the value increased gradually based on the progress of fattening. In addition, the triglyceride was considerably low in T2~T3 plots with high addition of pegmatite during the late fattening stage compared with other treatment plots (p<0.05). This study revealed a tendency in the IgG content that represented immunity as the addition of pegmatite became higher (p>0.05). This study found that the treatment plot (441.55~452.10 kg) had higher carcass weight compared with the control plot (436.30 kg). However, this study revealed that the treatment plot (2.30~2.55 points) had higher carcass quantity grade compared with the control plot (2.11 points). This study found that the control plot (3.55 points) had higher carcass quality grade compared with the treatment plot (2.67~3.09 points) (p>0.05). With studies combined, it was determined that dietary addition of pegmatite to the feed as clay minerals in fattening Hanwoo steers would improve feed intake, body weight gain and carcass quantity grade.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.237-246
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate of the associations of Alcoholic & Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(AFLD & NAFLD) with metabolic syndrome(MS) defined by IDF criteria. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 799 adult males with alcohol consumption underwent laboratory investigation(control 297, alcoholic 206, nonalcoholic 296). The ultrasound scan of the liver was performed to determine the presence and the severity of FLD. We analyzed the association between the severity of AFLD & NAFLD and MS by logistic regression analysis. The distribution of metabolic syndrome was 7.4%, 48.8%, 34.9% in control, AFLD & NAFLD. The association of blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, obesity were risk factor in AFLD & NAFLD. According to the severity of FLD, AFLD was significantly increased with MS, Obesity, low HDL-cholesterol. MS, High triglycerides was increased significantly in NAFLD(p<0.05). The prevalence of AFLD & NAFLD was increased with increasing the number of features of metabolic syndrome. This study shows that AFLD & NAFLD was closely associated with MS and its components. The patients of AFLD & NAFLD should managed and monitored to prevent metabolic abnormalities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.76-84
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate awareness of processed foods and chronic disease in high school students (male 94 and female 85) in the Yongin area. Awareness of chronic disease caused by excessive intake of processed foods was 83.0% and 91.8% in male and female students, and the most harmful processed food was instant noodles (34.1%). The most fearful chronic disease was cancer (25.5%) and obesity (25.5%) in males, whereas female answered obesity (34.1%). Awareness of synthetic preservatives was the most negative answer among food additives, and the most useful information was harmfulness of food additives. Percentages of correct answers towards cardiovascular disease-causing food components, including lipids, saturated fat, cholesterol, and trans fat, and dietary fiber for prevention of obesity were 57.0% and 54.2%, respectively. The percentage of correct answers towards developing hypertension by excessive intake of sodium was very low at 24.6%. Consequently, high school students generally showed a negative attitude towards processed foods without accurate information related to prevention or food components causing chronic disease, especially sodium. Thus, an appropriate program and persistent nutrition education are required for healthy food choices to prevent chronic disease among processed foods.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.1705-1714
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• 2019

Objective: Reducing roughage feeding without negatively affecting rumen health is of interest in ruminant nutrition. We investigated the effects of roughage sources and concentrate types on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, and blood metabolite levels in growing cattle. Methods: In this 24-week trial, 24 Hanwoo cattle ($224{\pm}24.7kg$) were fed similar nitrous and energy levels of total mixed ration formulated using two kinds of roughage (timothy hay and ryegrass straw) and two types of concentrate mixes (high starch [HS] and high fiber [HF]). The treatments were arranged in a $2{\times}2$ factorial, consisting of 32% timothy-68% HS, 24% timothy-76% HF, 24% ryegrass-76% HS, and 17% ryegrass-83% HF. Daily feed intakes were measured. Every four weeks, blood were sampled, and body weight was measured before morning feeding. Every eight weeks, rumen fluid was collected using a stomach tube over five consecutive days. Results: The mean dry matter intake (7.33 kg) and average daily gain (1,033 g) did not differ among treatments. However, significant interactions between roughage source and concentrate type were observed for the rumen and blood parameters (p<0.05). Total volatile fatty acid concentration was highest (p<0.05) in timothy-HF-fed calves. With ryegrass as the roughage source, decreasing the roughage inclusion rate increased the molar proportion of propionate and decreased the acetate-to-propionate ratio; the opposite was observed with timothy as the roughage source. Similarly, the effects of concentrate types on plasma total protein, alanine transaminase, Ca, inorganic P, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine concentrations differed with roughage source (p<0.05). Conclusion: Decreasing the dietary roughage inclusion rate by replacing forage neutral detergent fiber with that from non-roughage fiber source might be a feasible feeding practice in growing cattle. A combination of low-quality roughage with a high fiber concentrate might be economically beneficial.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1442-1455
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to examinate the differences of general component, chromaticity, pH, weight, loss on baking, specific volume bulk, diameter of upper side and height, mechanical texture, DPPH radical, ABTS radical, Total amount of phenol, Monacolin-K content, sensory test on Muffin using no Red Yeast Rice and different levels (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) of Red Yeast Rice. pH was decreased as the amount of added Red Yeast Rice increased(control 8.35, RM2% 7.93, RM4% 7.86, RM6% 7.69, RM8% 7.49, RM10% 7.30). Weight and loss on baking were showed not too different depending the amount of added Red Yeast Rice, and the baking loss were at very low point. Adhesion, cohesiveness, elasticity, viscosity, and chewiness showed no attentive differences on mechanical texture analysis. As the level of Red Yeast Rice increased, DPPH radical, ABTS radical, and Total phenol content decreased. Monacolin K were at higher point as the level of Red Yeast Rice increased. The sensory test showed Taste, Texture, and Overall acceptability gained the highest point when using 4% of Red Yeast Rice. On the sensory test, 4% of Red Yeast Rice was considered to be the best level based on Flavor and Color. The results of these tests show 4% of Red Yeast Rice is most preferred and considered to be most suited with flour and rice flour.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1930-1938
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• 2018

Objective: The present study attempted to determine safe and sufficient growth promoters in poultry feeding. Methods: A total of 520 seven-day-old quail chicks were randomly allotted to eight treatment groups in a $4{\times}2$ factorial design experiment to evaluate the effect of different levels of humic acid (HA) and black cumin (BC) seed and their interactions on growth, carcass traits, gut microbes, and blood chemistry of growing quails. Quails were randomly distributed into 8 groups in a $4{\times}2$ factorial design, included 4 HA levels (0, 0.75, 1.5, and 2.25 g/kg diet) and 2 BC levels (0 or 5 g/ kg diet). Results: Increasing HA level associated with a gradual increase in final weight, feed intake and body weight gain along with an improvement in feed conversion ratio. Dietary addition of 5 g BC powder/kg diet gave similar results. The highest level of HA (2.25 g/kg diet) recorded the best values of carcass weight, breast yield, intestinal length, and intestinal weight comparing with the control and other HA levels. Total viable microbial counts decreased (p<0.05) with increasing levels of HA except the intermediate level (1.5 g/kg diet). The concentration of serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (excluding that 0.75 g HA) decreased (p<0.05) and high density lipoprotein increased (p = 0.034) along with increasing HA level. The interaction between the $2.25g\;HA{\times}5g$ gave the best results regarding most studied parameters. Conclusion: These findings indicated that HA combined with BC could be used as effective growth promoters, with the recommended level being 2.25 g HA+5 g BC/kg of quail diet.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.208-217
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to provide information on the treatment and management of diabetic patients using all the available data of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2013-2015) on the serological and complication patterns of cardiovascular disease (CVD) according to the duration of diabetes mellitus (DM). KNHANES consists of health questionnaires, screenings, and nutrition surveys. The study subjects were 1,316 persons who were aged between 18 and 80 years and who answered the duration of DM. DM was classified as 0-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, and over 20 years according to duration of DM. The longer the duration of DM, the older the BMI, the lower the smoker, the higher the HbA1c and the lower the glomerular filtration rate. Total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride levels were low and HDL-C levels were similar. The proportion of patients receiving insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents increased. The longer the duration of DM, the worse blood glucose control and the increased risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications. To prevent these complications, intensive care and monitoring should be used to control the risk factors.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2019

Metabolic profile test is used to evaluate nutritional imbalance and metabolic disease in dairy cows. The reference intervals of metabolic parameters may change according to nation, region, decades, and maintenance system. Despite the need to be periodically updated for the reference intervals of metabolic parameters, it has rarely been investigated in Korea. Therefore, this aim of study was to provide the reference intervals of metabolic parameters using dairy cows surveyed in Korea during recent years. A metabolic profile test was conducted for 2,976 clinically healthy dairy cows in Korea. Blood samples were collected for the analysis of serum metabolites. This study provided reference intervals of thirteen metabolic parameters (${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate [${\beta}-HB$], non-esterified fatty acids [NEFA], glucose, total cholesterol [T-COL], total protein, albumin, globulin, blood urea nitrogen [BUN], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], gamma-glutamyl transferase [GGT], calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium). BUN and AST values of the current study were higher than those of previous studies. In the present study, the other metabolic parameters showed low or similar value compared to previous results. Moreover, ${\beta}-HB$, NEFA, T-COL, ALB, BUN, AST, and GGT values were affected by lactation period. This study provided information on the reference intervals of metabolites in healthy dairy cows in Korea. The reference intervals from the present study would be useful in managing and diagnosing disease of dairy cows. However, careful attention should be given in interpreting disease condition for metabolites affected by lactation.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.69-77
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• 2021

This study identified vitamin E associated with metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome components among Korean adults aged over 19 years. Secondary data from the 2016-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for this study. Data from 6,425 were analyzed by logistic regression analysis using a complex sample procedure. As a result of logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio was increased in the group with high vitamin E levels compared to the group with normal vitamin E levels. There are metabolic syndrome (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 1.889, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.550-2.303, p<.001), abdominal obesity (AOR: 1.444, CI: 1.205-1.730, p<.001), hyperglyceridemia(AOR: 3.182, CI: 2.641-3.835, p<.001), systolic blood pressure (AOR: 1.711, CI: 1.446-2.026, p<.001), diastolic blood pressure (AOR: 1.806, CI: 1.521-2.144, p<.001), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (AOR: 1.558, CI: 1.060-2.290, p=.024). Therefore vitamin E was associated with metaboic syndrome and metabolic syndrome components. So when providing nursing intervention for people with metabolic syndrome, education on vitamin E should be actively included.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.812-823
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Korean rice wine residue (RWR) on the growth performance and blood profiles of Hanwoo steers in the fattening stage. In situ and in vivo experiments were conducted to analyze rumen fermentation characteristics and total tract digestibility, respectively. Three cannulated Hanwoo steers (mean body weight: 448 ± 30 kg) were used in both analyses. The growth performance of 27 experimental animals in the fattening stage (initial body weight: 353.58 ± 9.76 kg) was evaluated after 13 months of feeding. The animals were divided into three treatment groups (n = 9/group). The treatments comprised total mixed ration (TMR) only (CON), TMR + 10% RWR (10% RWR), and TMR + 15% RWR (15% RWR). The diets of equal proportions were fed daily at 08:00 and 18:00 h based on 2% of the body weight. The animals had free access to water and trace mineral salts throughout the experiment. Supplementation of 15% RWR significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the rumen fluid pH compared with the control treatment, but there was no significant difference in the total volatile fatty acid concentration. It also significantly increased (p < 0.05) dry matter digestibility compared with the other treatments. The total weight gain and average daily gain of the animals in the RWR-supplemented groups were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in the control group. Furthermore, the feed intake and feed efficiency of the RWR-supplemented groups were higher than those of the control group. Supplementation of RWR did not affect the alcohol, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein concentrations, and aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase activities in the blood; these parameters were within the normal range. The high-density lipoprotein and creatinine concentrations were significantly higher in the 15% RWR group, whereas the blood urea nitrogen concentration was significantly higher in the 10% RWR group than in the other groups. These results suggest that TMR with 15% RWR can serve as an alternate feed resource for ruminants.