• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.419-422
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• 2018

Hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor with involvement of the liver, brain, long bones, and lung. Among the 6 histological subtypes, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is the most aggressive. Its occurrence in the mediastinum is quite rare, and very few cases have been documented. The reported cases in the literature have described difficulties in the preoperative diagnosis due to the unusual histological appearance of the tumor. Immunohistochemistry remains the mainstay for a definitive diagnosis. Due to its low incidence, there is no standard treatment for mediastinal EHE, but curative resection is the preferred treatment option where possible, with chemotherapy used as an adjuvant treatment or in cases of widespread inoperable disease. The present case study describes an aggressive EHE occurring in an 18-year-old woman in the anterior mediastinum.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2012

Purpose: To report the initial clinical experience with single-incision laparoscopic gastric wedge resection for submucosal tumors. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 10 patients who underwent single-incision laparoscopic gastric wedge resection between July 2009 and March 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. The demographic data, clinicopathologic and surgical outcomes were assessed. Results: The mean tumor size was 2.5 cm (range, 1.2~5.0 cm), and the tumors were mostly located on the anterior wall (4/10) or along the greater curvature (4/10), of the stomach. Nine of ten procedures were performed successfully, without the use of additional trocars, or conversion to laparotomy. One patient underwent conversion to multiport laparoscopic surgery, to get simultaneous cholecystectomy safely. The mean operating time was 66.5 minutes (range, 24~132 minutes), and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 5 days (range, 4~7 days). No serious perioperative complications were observed. Of the 10 submucosal tumors, the final pathologic report revealed 5 gastrointestinal stromal tumors, 4 schwannomas, and 1 heterotopic pancreas. Conclusions: Single-incision laparoscopic gastric wedge resection for gastric submucosal tumors is feasible and safe, when performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons. This technique provides favorable cosmetic results, and also short hospital stay and low morbidity, in carefully selected candidates.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1545-1551
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• 2015

Purpose: Rectal cancers with high microsatellite-instable have clinical and pathological features that differentiate them from microsatellite-stable or low-frequency carcinomas, which was studied rarely in stage II rectal cancer, promoting the present investigation of the usefulness of microsatellite-instability status as a predictor of the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil in stage II rectal cancer. Patients and Methods: Data of 460 patients who underwent primary anterior resection with a double stapling technique for rectal carcinoma at a single institution from 2008 to 2012 were retrospectively collected. All patients experienced a total mesorectal excision (TME) operation. Survival analysis were analyzed using the Cox regression method. Results: Five-year rate of disease-free survival (DFS) was noted in 390 (84.8%) of 460 patients with stage II rectal cancer. Of 460 tissue specimens, 97 (21.1%) exhibited high-frequency microsatellite instability. Median age of the patients was 65 (50-71) and 185 (40.2%) were male. After univariate and multivariate analysis, microsatellite instability (p= 0.001), female sex (p<0.05) and fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy (p<0.001), the 3 factors were attributed to a favorable survival status independently. Among 201 patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, those cancers displaying high-frequency microsatellite instability had a better 5-year rate of DFS than tumors exhibiting microsatellite stability or low-frequency instability (HR, 13.61 [95% CI, 1.88 to 99.28]; p= 0.010), while in 259 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy, there was no DFS difference between the two groups (p= 0.145). Furthermore, patients exhibiting microsatellite stability or low-frequency instability who received adjuvant chemotherapy had a better 5-year rate of DFS than patients did not (HR, 5.16 [95% CI, 2.90 to 9.18]; p<0.001), while patients exhibiting high-frequency microsatellite instability were not connected with increased DFS (p= 0.696). It was implied that female patients had better survival than male. Conclusion: Survival status after anterior resection of rectal carcinoma is related to the microsatellite instability status, adjuvant chemotherapy and gender. Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy benefits patients of stage II rectal cancer with microsatellite-stable or low microsatellite-instable, but not those with high microsatellite-instable. Additionally, free of adjuvant chemotherapy, carcinomas with high microsatellite-instable have a better 5-year rate of DFS than those with microsatellite-stable or low microsatellite-instable, and female patients have a better survival as well.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2014

Ankle arthrodesis has been used as standard treatment of ankle arthritis unresponsive to conservative treatment. Transfibular approach was used for ankles with severe deformities and minimally invasive arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis was used for patients with mild deformities. Anterior approach may be used when lateral approach couldn't be performed. Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis is standard treatment for coexisting ankle and subtalar arthritis, and modified Blair arthrodesis can be used if the talus body resection is necessary in severe talar necrosis. In serious infection of ankle arthritis, arthrodesis can be performed as staged operation. In cases with low bone density and severe deformities, Charcot arthropathy should be considered.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-102
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• 1991

직장암의 치료에 있어서 골반부위에 대한 수술후 방사선치료의 역할을 검중하기 위하여 1979년 2월부터 1980년 6월사이에 치료를 닫은 modified Astler-Coiler병기 B2+3, C1, 및 C2+3의 직장암 환자189명에 대한후향적 분석조사를 시행하였다. B2+3병기의 환자는 47명이었으며, Cl 병기는 17명, 그리고 C2+3병기는 125명이었다. 근치적 수술로 41명이 전방절제술을, 143명이 복부회음절제술을, 그리고 5명은 골반장기적출술을 시행받았다. 전체환자군의 5년 생존율 및 5년 무병생존율은 각각 $45.3\%$ 및 $44.1\%$였다. 각 병기별 5년 생존율은 B2+3에서 $63.4\%$, Cl에서 $62.4\%$, C2+3에서 $37.2\%$로서 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며 (p<0.005), 5년 무병생존율은 B2+3에서 $55.7\%$, Cl에서 $65.7\%$, C2+3에서 $36.4\%$로서 이것도 역시 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보여 (p<0.01) 병기가생존율 및 무병생존율에 있어 중요한 예후인자임을 알 수 있다. 재발시 가장 많이 침범되는 장기는 간이었으며, 그 다음으로는 폐 및 회음부였다. 전방절제술을 시행받은 환자군에서 복부회음절제술을 시 행받은 환자군보다 보다 좋은 무병생존율을 보였고 방사선에 의한 장합병증의 위험 이 더 높았다. 수술후 방사선치료로 국소재발억제에는 좋은 효과가 있었으나 진행된 병기에서 주로 문제가 되는 원격전이의 발생은 예방하지 못하였다.

• Annals of Coloproctology
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.317-321
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• 2018

Purpose: We evaluate the role of transanal tube drainage (TD) as a conservative treatment for patients with anastomotic leakage (AL). Methods: Patients treated for AL who had undergone a low or an ultralow anterior resection with colorectal or coloanal anastomosis for the treatment of rectal cancer between January 2013 and January 2017 were enrolled in this study. The data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcomes were the diagnosis and the management of AL. Results: Two hundred thirteen consecutive patients, 122 males and 91 females, were included. The mean age was $66.91{\pm}11.15years$, and the median body mass index was $24kg/m^2$ (range, $20-35kg/m^2$). The median tumor distance from the anal verge was 8 cm (range, 4-12 cm). Ninety-three patients (44%) received neoadjuvant therapy for nodal disease and/or locally advanced rectal cancer. Only 13 patients (6%) developed AL. Six patients developed subclinical AL as they had a defunctioning ileostomy at the time of the initial procedure. They were treated conservatively with TD under endoscopic guidance in the endoscopy unit and received intravenous antibiotics. Six weeks after discharge, these 6 patients underwent follow-up flexible sigmoidoscopy which showed a completely healed anastomotic defect with no residual stenosis. Seven patients developed a clinically significant AL and required reoperation with pelvic abscess drainage and Hartmann colostomy formation. Conclusion: These results suggest that TD for management of patients with AL is safe, cheap, and effective. Salvaging the anastomosis will help decrease the need for Hartmann colostomy formation. Proper patient selection is important.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.578-584
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• 2023

Objectives: This is a five-year survival and complete response (CR) report on rectal cancer treated with western medicine and Korean traditional medicine. Method: A 25-year-old woman diagnosed with rectal cancer visited ⃝⃝ Korean traditional medicine hospital after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy, chemotherapy, and low anterior resection with regional lymph node dissection. She was treated with Korean traditional medicine, including acupuncture, abdominal moxibustion, wild ginseng pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine, which was based on integrated medicine therapy (IMT), from January 2018 to February 2022. The tumor size was measured by scanning with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, and positron-emission tomography/CT. Adverse events were evaluated using laboratory conclusion and National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Result: During four years of treatment, IMT maintained safety. The patient finally reached five-year survival without any recurrence or complication (CR) on March 11, 2022. Conclusion: We suggest that an integrative approach including Korean traditional medicine can be a meaningful treatment option for rectal cancer. Further studies should be performed to establish the proper treatment protocol of integrative medicine for rectal cancer.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2007

목 적: 국소적으로 진행된 직장암환자에서 수술 전 동시화학방사선요법을 시행한 환자들의 항문 괄약근 보존율과 병기 강하율 등을 분석하고자 후향적 임상 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 조직학적으로 확진된 직장암 환자 중, 병기가 T2 이상이거나 림프절 전이가 있는 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 한림대학교 성심병원 방사선종양학과에서 수술 전 동시화학방사선요법을 시행 받은 36명 중, 본원에서 수술을 시행한 26명을 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. 환자들은 수술 전 병기결정을 위한 검사를 시행하였고 방사선치료는 CT를 촬영하여 치료계획을 세웠으며 매일 1.8 Gy로 주 5회, 총 방사선 조사량 $45.0{\sim}52.2\;Gy$까지 3차원 방사선치료 방법으로 시행하였으며, 방사선치료 첫째 주와 다섯째 주에 5-FU와 leucovorine을 동시 투여하였다. 수술은 동시화학방사선요법 종료 후 약 $2{\sim}4$주경에 시행하였다. 결 과: 대상 환자의 연령 중앙값은 61.9세($34{\sim}78$)였으며, 남자가 21명, 여자가 5명이었고 추적 관찰 기간의 중앙값은 28개월($11{\sim}44$)이었다. 모든 환자에서 절제연 음성인 근치절제가 가능하였으나 병리적으로 완전 반응을 보인 경우는 없었다. 수술은 3예에서 복회음부 절제술을, 나머지 23예에서 하전방절제술이 시행되어 괄약근 보존율은 88.5% (23/26)였다. 수술 후 병기 강하는 12예로 병기 강하율은 46.2%였으며 19예에서 종양 크기가 감소되어 종양크기 감소율은 73%였다. 국소 재발이 1명, 원격 전이가 3명에서 관찰되었으며 3년 무재발 생존율은 96.7%, 3년 무전이 생존율은 87%, 그리고 3년 무진행 생존율은 83.1%였다. 치료와 관련된 급성 독성으로는 Grade 3 & 4 빈혈 각각 1예, Grade 3 백혈구 감소증 1예, Grade 3 장폐색 1예가 관찰되었다. 결 론: 직장암 환자들에서 수술 전 동시화학방사선요법은 근치적 수술을 시행한 경우 높은 괄약근보존율과 수술 후 병기감소율을 보였으며 치료에 따른 독성도 대부분 경미하고 높은 순응도를 보여 효과적인 방법으로 판단되며 앞으로 많은 환자들을 대상으로 장기간에 걸친 추적 관찰을 요한다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2006

목적 : 항문에서 5cm 이내에 위치한 하부 직장암 환자들에서 항문 괄약근 보존율, 병기 강하율 등 수술 전 화학방사선요법의 효과를 분석하고자 하였으며 수술 전 화학방사선요법 시행 후에 수술을 받지 않은 환자의 예후도 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 원격전이가 없는 직장암으로 진단 받고 1995년 1월 1일부터 2004 년 9월 30일 사이에 단국대학교병원 방사선종양학과에서 수술 전 화학방사선요법을 시행 받은 환자 37 명을 대상으로 후향적 분석을 하였다. 환자들은 종양이 하부 직장에 위치하여 수술시 항문 괄약근 보존이 어려울 것으로 판단되었다. 대상 환 자들은 방사선치료 전에 병기결정을 위한 검사들을 시행하였고 50.4 Gy/28 회의 수술 전 화학방사선요법을 시행한 후 약 1 개월에 조직검사를 포함한 병기결정을 위한 검사들을 다시 시행하였다 수술은 25명의 환자에 서 수술 전 화학방사선요법 종료 후 약 6 주경에 시행하였다. 증상이 호전된 후에 수술을 거부한 12 명은 주의 갚게 경과관찰을 하였다. 결과 : 병기 재평가 검사 소견 및 수술 후 병리소견을 종합할 때 전체 37 명 중 T 병기가 강하된 경우는 21 명 (56.8%), N 병기가 강하된 경우는 12 명 (32.4%) 이었다. 방사선치료 후에 수술이 시도된 환자 25 명 중 24 명에서 병소의 근치적 절제가 이루어졌다 이 중 11 명에서는 복회음부절제술, 7 명에서는 하전방절제술, 6 명에서는 국소절제술을 시행하였다 24 명 모두에서 절제연 음성의 한전절제가 이루어졌고 절제가 이루어진 환자들의 항문 괄약근 보존율은 13/24 (54.2%) 였다 환자의 거부로 수술을 시행하지 못한 환자 12 명 중 6 명은 임상적으로 완전관해의 소견이었고 조직검사에서도 암세포가 없었던 환자들이었는데 그 중 4 명이 30 개월 이상, 1 명 이 12 개월 이상 무병상태로 경과 관찰되고 있으며 1 명만 7 개월만에 국소재발이 확인되었다 반면 부분관해의 소견을 보이고 수술을 거부한 환자 6명 전원은 추적관찰 중 사망하거나 원격전이가 확인되었다 결론: 하부 직장암 환자들에서 수술 전 화학방사선요법은 수술 시행환자에서 높은 비율의 괄약근 보존율을 보였다. 하부 직장암에서 임상적으로 완전관해의 소견을 보인 경우도 수술 시행이 원칙이지만 수술을 거부하는 경우는 주의 깊게 경과 관찰을 하여도 좋은 예후를 기대할 수 있음이 시사된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.198-207
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• 2017

Purpose: Whether preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is better than postoperative CRT in oncologic outcome and toxicity is contentious in prospective randomized clinical trials. We systematically analyze and compare the treatment result, toxicity, and sphincter preservation rate between preoperative CRT and postoperative CRT in stage II-III rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library from 1990 to 2014 for relevant trials. Only phase III randomized studies performing CRT and curative surgery were selected and the data were extracted. Meta-analysis was used to pool oncologic outcome and toxicity data across studies. Results: Three randomized phase III trials were finally identified. The meta-analysis results showed significantly lower 5-year locoregional recurrence rate in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.84; p = 0.004). The 5-year distant recurrence rate (p = 0.55), relapse-free survival (p = 0.14), and overall survival (p = 0.22) showed no significant difference between two groups. Acute toxicity was significantly lower in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between two groups in perioperative and chronic complications (p = 0.53). The sphincter-saving rate was not significantly different between two groups (p = 0.24). The conversion rate from abdominoperineal resection to low anterior resection in low rectal cancer was significantly higher in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: As compared to postoperative CRT, preoperative CRT improves only locoregional control, not distant control and survival, with similar chronic toxicity and sphincter preservation rate in rectal cancer patients.