• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.39-44
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study is the magnification rates depending on the area of patient dose (DAP) and glass dosimeter see the change of the dose according to the dose characteristics of low-magnification aims to raise standards. Materials and Method : Direct DR equipment Sonialvision DAR-8000f, Shimadzu was used, the patient entrance dose measurements to the surface of the Rando Phantom of the neck and the abdomen was placed on the Xi unfors. glass dosimeter for measuring organ doses at the same time the Rando Phantom of the major organs in place by inserting a 9 ", 12", 15 ", 17" and 30 seconds for each magnification were measured according in fluoroscopy. DAP meter area of the patient dose was measured. Result : Esophagography at 17" 143% than 9"magnification the average area dose was increased. Organ dose of Esophagography at 17" was decreased 25.32% than 9" magnification. UGI at 17" was increased 129.73% DAP than 9" magnification. Organ dose of UGI at 17" was decreased 23.32% than 9" magnification. Where the major organs of magnification at 17" were decreased(lung -25.96%, stomach -33.09%, spleen -27.81%, liver -4.92%) than 9" magnification. Conclusion : Expected to get better quality image While using the proper magnification, and have recognition that difference Organ doses and DAP meter in fluoroscopy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.260-262
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• 2002

An accurate measurement of dose distribution is indispensable to perform radiation therapy planning. A measurement technique using a radiographic film, which is called a film dosimetry, is widely used because it is easy to obtain a dose distribution with a good special resolution. In this study, we tried to develop an analyzing system for the film dosimetry using usual office automation equipments such as a personal computer and an image scanner. A film was sandwiched between two solid water phantom blocks (30 ${\times}$ 30 ${\times}$ 15cm). The film was exposed with Cobalt-60 ${\gamma}$-ray whose beam axis was parallel to the film surface. The density distribution on the exposed film was stored in a personal computer through an image scanner (8bits) and the film density was shown as the digital value with NIH-image software. Isodose curves were obtained from the relationship between the digital value and the absorbed dose calculated from percentage depth dose and absorbed dose at the reference point. The isodose curves were also obtained using an Isodose plotter, for reference. The measurements were carried out for 31cGy (exposure time: 120seconds) and 80cGy (exposure time: 300seconds) at the reference point. While the isodose curves obtained with our system were drawn up to 60% dose range for the case of 80cGy, the isodose curves could be drawn up to 80% dose range for the case of 31cGy. Furthermore, the isodose curves almost agreed with that obtained with the isodose plotter in low dose range. However, further improvement of our system is necessary in high dose range.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.283-289
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• 2015

Recently, high energy photon radiotherapy is a growing trend for increasing therapy results. Commonly, if you use high energy photons above 6~8 MeV nominal accelerator voltage, It lead the photo-nuclear reaction and the generation of photo-neutron are accompanied and these problematic factors are issued in the view of radiation protection. Therefore, in this study analyzed for dose distribution of photo-neutron in radiotherapy room based on MCNPX. As a result, absorbed dose is increased sharply from 10 MV to 12 MV. It was founded that the rapid increasement of photoneutron fluence was related to the absorbed dose at above 10 MV. Also, in case of the recommendation of ICRP 103, the outcome of an exchanged equivalent dose which based on calculated an absorbed dose, showed lower equivalent dose than ICRP 60 by reflecting the contribution of secondary photon for absorbed dose of human body in the low energy band.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.292-302
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• 2012

The patient dose in advanced radiotherapy techniques is an important issue. These methods should be evaluated to reduce the dose in diagnostic imaging for radiotherapy. Especially, the Computed Tomography in radiotherapy has been used widely; hence the CT was evaluated for dose and image in this study. The evaluations for dose and image were done in equal condition due to compare the dose and image simultaneously. Furthermore, the possibility of dose and image evaluations by using the Monte Carlo simulation MCNPX was confirmed. We made the iterative reconstruction for low dose CT image to elevate image quality with Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization; MLEM. The system we developed is expected to be used not only to reduce the patient dose in radiotherapy, also to evaluate the overall factors of image modalities in industrial research.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.46-56
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the single-dose toxicity of Samgihwalryeok pharmacopuncture. Methods: Forty six-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups of 10 rats each; each group was then sub-divided into two smaller groups, one of five males and the other of five females. Group 1 (G1, control) received 1.0 mL of normal saline solution, while group 2 (G2, low-dose group), group 3 (G3, mid-does group, and group 4 (G4, high-dose group) received 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mL of Samgihwalryeok pharmacopuncture, respectively. Results: No mortalities or clinical signs were observed in the four groups. Also, no significant changes in body weights were observed among the group, and no significant differences in hematology/biochemistry, necropsy, or histopathology results were noted. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that treatment with Samgihwalryeok pharmacopuncture is relatively safe. Further studies on this subject are needed.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1991

Folates are involved in a variety of important biosynthesis by way of donating one carbon unit. Since folate metabolism was well understood a number of antifol have been developed. Among these antifols, aminopterin was first used in the treatment of childhood leukemia. However due to its toxicity and purity problems. it was immediately replaced by another antifols. methotrexate (MTX). MTX is shown to be active against various malignancies including leukemia breast cancer, osteogenic sarcoma, and head and neck cancer. Clinically, MTX therapy is divided into 3 categories. depeding on the dose administered; low-dose is defined as doses < $80\;mg/m^2$ intermediate-dose as doses $\geqq\;80\;mg/m^2$ and < $1000\;mg/m^2$ and high-dose as doses $\geqq\;1000\;mg/m^2$. Leucovorin should be administered to minimize MTX toxicities when MTX doses are greater than $80-100\;mg/m^2$. The clinical pharmacokinetics (ADME) of MTX is discussed in this text.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2011

MOS (Metal-Oxide Semconductor) devices among the most sensistive of all semiconductors to radiation, in particular ionizing radiation, showing much change even after a relatively low dose. The necessity of a radiation dosimeter robust enough for the working environment has increased in the fields of aerospace, radio-therapy, atomic power plant facilities, and other places where radiation exists. The power MOSFET (Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) has been tested for use as a gamma radiation dosimeter by measuring the variation of threshold voltage based on the quantity of dose, and a maximum total dose of 30 krad exposed to a $^{60}Co$ ${\gamma}$-radiation source, which is sensitive to environment parameters such as temperature. The gate oxide structures give the main influence on the changes in the electrical characteristics affected by irradiation. The variation of threshold voltage on the operating temperature has caused errors, and needs calibration. These effects can be overcome by adjusting gate oxide thickness and implanting impurity at the surface of well region in MOSFET.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.108-108
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• 1997

The effects of nalbuphine.HCI on the spontaneous locomotor activity and primary humoral immune response were investigated in ICR mice. Nalbuphine was intraperitoneally administered with the dose of 130, 260, 360 mg/kg in mice. The locomotor activity such as distance traveled was observed for 90min at 10min intervals. Nalbuphine showed the biphasic dose-response relationship on the spontaneous locomotor activity. IgM plaque forming cells(PFC) in splenocytes and IgM level in antiserum were significantly decreased depending on the dose of nalbuphine when nalbuphine was administered after the immunization, but slightly increased only at the low dose in the case of nabuphine administration after the immunization(SRBC).

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.8
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• pp.1172-1178
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• 2012

In this paper, the gamma ray irradiation test results of the CCD cameras are described. From the low dose-rate (2.11 Gy/h) to the high dose-rate (150 Gy/h) level, which is the same level when the hydrogen explosion was occurred in the 1~3 reactor unit of the Fukushima nuclear power plant, the monitoring performance of the cameras owing to the speckles are evaluated. The numbers of speckles, generated by gamma ray irradiation, in the image of cameras are calculated by image processing technique. And the legibility of the sensor indicator (dosimeter) owing to the numbers of the speckles is presented.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.1-1
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• 1999