• Title/Summary/Keyword: Low Cost Evaluation Method

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A Study on the Method of Cost Estimation for the Decommissioning Plan by the Analysis of Domestic Cyclotron Dismantling Practices (국내 사이클로트론 해체 사례 분석을 통한 해체 계획 비용 산정 방법 연구)

  • Woo, Rina;Kim, Yongmin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.97-103
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    • 2014
  • Decommission of medical cyclotron give rise to a lot of low-level radioactive waste and costs. Decommissioning cost should be reasonably calculated according to the decommissioning activities and installed components of facilities. In this paper, we investigated the experience on the cyclotron relocation from SNUH(Seoul National University Hospital) to SKKU(Sungkyunkwan University) and analyzed radioactive waste management costs by applying the disposal scenarios. Also considerations for decommissioning cost estimation are reviewed. The results could be utilized as a basic data for establishment on the methodology of decommissioning cost estimation and evaluation.

Economic Evaluation of Prostate Cancer Screening Test as a National Cancer Screening Program in South Korea

  • Shin, Sangjin;Kim, Youn Hee;Hwang, Jin Sub;Lee, Yoon Jae;Lee, Sang Moo;Ahn, Jeonghoon
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.8
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    • pp.3383-3389
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    • 2014
  • Background: Prostate cancer is rapidly increasing in Korea and professional societies have requested adding prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing to the National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP), but this started a controversy in Korea and neutral evidence on this issue is required more than ever. The purpose of this study was to provide economic evidence to the decision makers of the NCSP. Materials and Methods: A cost-utility analysis was performed on the adoption of PSA screening program among men aged 50-74-years in Korea from the healthcare system perspective. Several data sources were used for the cost-utility analysis, including general health screening data, the Korea Central Cancer Registry, national insurance claims data, and cause of mortality from the National Statistical Office. To solicit the utility index of prostate cancer, a face-to-face interview for typical men aged 40 to 69 was conducted using a Time-Trade Off method. Results: As a result, the increase of effectiveness was estimated to be very low, when adopting PSA screening, and the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) was analyzed as about 94 million KRW. Sensitivity analyses were performed on the incidence rate, screening rate, cancer stage distribution, utility index, and treatment costs but the results were consistent with the base analysis. Conclusions: Under Korean circumstances with a relatively low incidence rate of prostate cancer, PSA screening is not cost-effective. Therefore, we conclude that adopting national prostate cancer screening would not be beneficial until further evidence is provided in the future.

ANALYSIS OF THIN FILM POLYSILICON ON GLASS SYNTHESIZED BY MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

  • Min J. Jung;Yun M. Chung;Lee, Yong J.;Jeon G. Han
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.68-68
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    • 2001
  • Thin films of polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) is a promising material for use in large-area electronic devices. Especially, the poly-Si can be used in high resolution and integrated active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCDs) and active matrix organic light-emitting diodes (AMOLEDs) because of its high mobility compared to hydrogenated _amorphous silicon (a-Si:H). A number of techniques have been proposed during the past several years to achieve poly-Si on large-area glass substrate. However, the conventional method for fabrication of poly-Si could not apply for glass instead of wafer or quartz substrate. Because the conventional method, low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) has a high deposition temperature ($600^{\circ}C-1000^{\circ}C$) and solid phase crystallization (SPC) has a high annealing temperature ($600^{\circ}C-700^{\circ}C$). And also these are required time-consuming processes, which are too long to prevent the thermal damage of corning glass such as bending and fracture. The deposition of silicon thin films on low-cost foreign substrates has recently become a major objective in the search for processes having energy consumption and reaching a better cost evaluation. Hence, combining inexpensive deposition techniques with the growth of crystalline silicon seems to be a straightforward way of ensuring reduced production costs of large-area electronic devices. We have deposited crystalline poly-Si thin films on soda -lime glass and SiOz glass substrate as deposited by PVD at low substrate temperature using high power, magnetron sputtering method. The epitaxial orientation, microstructual characteristics and surface properties of the films were analyzed by TEM, XRD, and AFM. For the electrical characterization of these films, its properties were obtained from the Hall effect measurement by the Van der Pauw measurement.

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A Study on Technology Transfer of Bokto Seeding Method for Crop Production - Based on Theory of Asian and Pacific Center for Transfer of Technology(APCTT) - (복토직파재배기술의 수용과 기술 확산에 관한 연구 - 아시아태평양기술이전센터(APCTT) 이론을 중심으로 -)

  • Ahn, D.H.;Park, K.H.;Kang, Y.K.
    • Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.29-41
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    • 2008
  • This research was conducted to develop a technology transfer and farmer's extension of newly released technology of Bokto seeding method for crop and vegetable production based on the theory of Asian and Pacific Center for Transfer of Technology(APCTT). This technology has recently transferred to not only Korea but also other countries like North Korea, China, Japan, Taiwan, Russia and Africa(Cameroon, Sudan and South Africa) since 2005. It has known as a highly reduction of production cost in terms of labors, chemical fertilizer and pesticides as well as environmental friendly due to a deep and side banded placement of chemical fertilizer at basal application. In addition this technology was proven to a precision farming on sowing depth and mechanism of chemical application method and also highly resistant against disasters like typhoon, flooding, low temperature, drought and lodging due to silicate application. It has improved a constraints such as a poor seedling establishment, weed occurrence, lodging, low yield and poor grain and eating quality in the previous direct seeding methods but still have a problem in occurrence of weedy rice and ununiformed operation of wet or flooded soil condition. Also this technology has a limit in marketing and A/S system. Based on a theory of APCTT evaluation and analysis this technology may be more concentrated on establishment of a special cooperation team among researcher and scientists, extension workers, industry sections and governmental sectors in order to rapidly transfer this technology to farmer's field. Also there will be needed to operate a web site for this newly released technology to inform and exchange an idea, experiences and newly improved information. A feed back system might be operated in this technology as well to improve a technology under way on users' operation. Also user's manual will be internationally released and provided for farmer's instruction and training at field site.

Deriving Residents' Perception on Public Facilities through the Contingent Valuation Method: focusing on Cultural Center (공공시설에 대한 주민의식과 가상평가에 관한 연구 -문화회관을 중심으로 -)

  • 김한수
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.157-164
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    • 2003
  • This study tests the effectiveness of residents' direct evaluation method about the feasibility of cost of public facilities based on their willingness to pay. The main findings are follows. First, residents do not use the public facilities(Cultural Center and Library) frequently. The main reasons are the shortage of complemental supplies, low accessibility, and poor communication to public. Second, the Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) reveals the residents' unwillingness to pay for facilities by agreeing only 46.8% on the cultural center. Third, this study concludes that the CVM is an effective method to measure willingness to pay for public facilities and also an useful tool to aid priority setting in urban planning.

Time-Frequency Analysis of Electrohysterogram for Classification of Term and Preterm Birth

  • Ryu, Jiwoo;Park, Cheolsoo
    • IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.103-109
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, a novel method for the classification of term and preterm birth is proposed based on time-frequency analysis of electrohysterogram (EHG) using multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD). EHG is a promising study for preterm birth prediction, because it is low-cost and accurate compared to other preterm birth prediction methods, such as tocodynamometry (TOCO). Previous studies on preterm birth prediction applied prefilterings based on Fourier analysis of an EHG, followed by feature extraction and classification, even though Fourier analysis is suboptimal to biomedical signals, such as EHG, because of its nonlinearity and nonstationarity. Therefore, the proposed method applies prefiltering based on MEMD instead of Fourier-based prefilters before extracting the sample entropy feature and classifying the term and preterm birth groups. For the evaluation, the Physionet term-preterm EHG database was used where the proposed method and Fourier prefiltering-based method were adopted for comparative study. The result showed that the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was increased by 0.0351 when MEMD was used instead of the Fourier-based prefilter.

An Efficient Estimation of Place Brand Image Power Based on Text Mining Technology (텍스트마이닝 기반의 효율적인 장소 브랜드 이미지 강도 측정 방법)

  • Choi, Sukjae;Jeon, Jongshik;Subrata, Biswas;Kwon, Ohbyung
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.113-129
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    • 2015
  • Location branding is a very important income making activity, by giving special meanings to a specific location while producing identity and communal value which are based around the understanding of a place's location branding concept methodology. Many other areas, such as marketing, architecture, and city construction, exert an influence creating an impressive brand image. A place brand which shows great recognition to both native people of S. Korea and foreigners creates significant economic effects. There has been research on creating a strategically and detailed place brand image, and the representative research has been carried out by Anholt who surveyed two million people from 50 different countries. However, the investigation, including survey research, required a great deal of effort from the workforce and required significant expense. As a result, there is a need to make more affordable, objective and effective research methods. The purpose of this paper is to find a way to measure the intensity of the image of the brand objective and at a low cost through text mining purposes. The proposed method extracts the keyword and the factors constructing the location brand image from the related web documents. In this way, we can measure the brand image intensity of the specific location. The performance of the proposed methodology was verified through comparison with Anholt's 50 city image consistency index ranking around the world. Four methods are applied to the test. First, RNADOM method artificially ranks the cities included in the experiment. HUMAN method firstly makes a questionnaire and selects 9 volunteers who are well acquainted with brand management and at the same time cities to evaluate. Then they are requested to rank the cities and compared with the Anholt's evaluation results. TM method applies the proposed method to evaluate the cities with all evaluation criteria. TM-LEARN, which is the extended method of TM, selects significant evaluation items from the items in every criterion. Then the method evaluates the cities with all selected evaluation criteria. RMSE is used to as a metric to compare the evaluation results. Experimental results suggested by this paper's methodology are as follows: Firstly, compared to the evaluation method that targets ordinary people, this method appeared to be more accurate. Secondly, compared to the traditional survey method, the time and the cost are much less because in this research we used automated means. Thirdly, this proposed methodology is very timely because it can be evaluated from time to time. Fourthly, compared to Anholt's method which evaluated only for an already specified city, this proposed methodology is applicable to any location. Finally, this proposed methodology has a relatively high objectivity because our research was conducted based on open source data. As a result, our city image evaluation text mining approach has found validity in terms of accuracy, cost-effectiveness, timeliness, scalability, and reliability. The proposed method provides managers with clear guidelines regarding brand management in public and private sectors. As public sectors such as local officers, the proposed method could be used to formulate strategies and enhance the image of their places in an efficient manner. Rather than conducting heavy questionnaires, the local officers could monitor the current place image very shortly a priori, than may make decisions to go over the formal place image test only if the evaluation results from the proposed method are not ordinary no matter what the results indicate opportunity or threat to the place. Moreover, with co-using the morphological analysis, extracting meaningful facets of place brand from text, sentiment analysis and more with the proposed method, marketing strategy planners or civil engineering professionals may obtain deeper and more abundant insights for better place rand images. In the future, a prototype system will be implemented to show the feasibility of the idea proposed in this paper.

A study on sound source segregation of frequency domain binaural model with reflection (반사음이 존재하는 양귀 모델의 음원분리에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Chai-Bong
    • Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2014
  • For Sound source direction and separation method, Frequency Domain Binaural Model(FDBM) shows low computational cost and high performance for sound source separation. This method performs sound source orientation and separation by obtaining the Interaural Phase Difference(IPD) and Interaural Level Difference(ILD) in frequency domain. But the problem of reflection occurs in practical environment. To reduce this reflection, a method to simulate the sound localization of a direct sound, to detect the initial arriving sound, to check the direction of the sound, and to separate the sound is presented. Simulation results show that the direction is estimated to lie close within 10% from the sound source and, in the presence of the reflection, the level of the separation of the sound source is improved by higher Coherence and PESQ(Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality) and by lower directional damping than those of the existing FDBM. In case of no reflection, the degree of separation was low.

Performance Analysis of Matching Cost Functions of Stereo Matching Algorithm for Making 3D Contents (3D 콘텐츠 생성에서의 스테레오 매칭 알고리즘에 대한 매칭 비용 함수 성능 분석)

  • Hong, Gwang-Soo;Jeong, Yeon-Kyu;Kim, Byung-Gyu
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2013
  • Calculating of matching cost is an important for efficient stereo matching. To investigate the performance of matching process, the concepts of the existing methods are introduced. Also we analyze the performance and merits of them. The simplest matching costs assume constant intensities at matching image locations. We consider matching cost functions which can be distinguished between pixel-based and window-based approaches. The Pixel-based approach includes absolute differences (AD) and sampling-intensitive absolute differences (BT). The window-based approach includes the sum of the absolute differences, the sum of squared differences, the normalized cross-correlation, zero-mean normalized cross-correlation, census transform, and the absolute differences census transform (AD-Census). We evaluate matching cost functions in terms of accuracy and time complexity. In terms of the accuracy, AD-Census method shows the lowest matching error ratio (the best solution). The ZNCC method shows the lowest matching error ratio in non-occlusion and all evaluation part. But it performs high matching error ratio at the discontinuities evaluation part due to blurring effect in the boundary. The pixel-based AD method shows a low complexity in terms of time complexity.

A Design-Decision Support Framework for Evaluation of Design Options in Passenger Ship Engine Room

  • Kim, Soo-Woong;Lee, Hyun-Jin;Kwon, Young-Sub
    • Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.277-280
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    • 2006
  • Most real world design evaluation and risk-based decision support combine quantitative and qualitative (linguistic) variables. Decision-making based on conventional mathematics that combines qualitative and quantitative concepts always exhibit difficulty in modelling actual problems. The successful selection process for choosing a design/procurement proposal is based on a high degree of technical integrity, safety levels and low costs in construction, corrective measures, maintenance, operation, inspection and preventive measures. However, the objectives of maximising the degree of technical performance, maximising the safety levels and minimising the costs incurred are usually in conflict, and the evaluation of the technical performance, safety and costs is always associated with uncertainties, especially for a novel system at the initial concept design stage. In this paper, a design-decision support framework using a composite structure methodology grounded in approximate reasoning approach and evidential reasoning method is suggested for design evaluation of machinery space of a ship engine room at the initial stages. It is a Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) or Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) framework, which provides a juxtaposition of cost, safety and technical performance of a system during evaluation to assist decision makers in selecting the winning design/procurement proposal that best satisfies the requirement in hand. An illustrative example is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed framework.

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