• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제13권2호통권32호
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• pp.99-107
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• 1999

Boiler high-temperature pipelines such as main steam pipe, header and steam drum in fossil power plants are degraded by creep damage due to severe operationg conditions which are high temperature and high pressure for an extended period time. Such material degradation leads to various component failures causing serious accidents at the plants. Conventional measurement techniques such as replica method, electric resistance method, and hardness test method have such disadvantages as complex preparation and measurement procedures, too many control parameters, and therefore, low practicality and they were applied only to component surfaces with good accessibility. In this paper, artificial creep degradation test and ultrasonic measurement for their creep degraded specimens have been carried out for the purpose of evaluation for creep damage which can occur in high-temperature pipeline of fossil power plant. Absolute measuring method of quantitative ultrasonic measurement for material degradation was established, and long term creep degradationtests using life prediction formula were carried out. As a result of ultrasonic tests for crept specimens, we confirmed that the sound velocity decreased and the attenuation coefficient linearly increased in proportion to the increase of creep fractiin(${\phi}$c).

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.908-914
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• 2016

우리나라 유아교육현장에서 자연친화 교육에 대한 관심이 높아지고 자연체험 프로그램에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 숲이 가지고 있는 산림치유인자들과 요인들을 활용하는 숲에서의 오감체험활동이 유아의 자아효능감과 생명존중인식에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험대상은 청주시 OO동에 위치한 유아교육기관의 숲특별반을 주2회 참여하는 실험군과 통제군은 숲활동을 하지 않고 유아교육기관에서 운영하는 프로그램에 참여하는 만 5세 유아 남녀 각각 20명으로 하였으며 남자아이는 11명, 여자아이는 9명씩이었다. 실험기간은 2016년 8월08일부터 2016년 9월20일까지 매주 2회씩 12회기로 1시간 (60분)씩 실시하였다. 오감체험활동은 숲에서 유아들이 오감을 깨우고, 오감을 통해 계절의 변화를 알고, 자신의 자아를 확립하고 자연과 친해지는 활동이다. 프로그램 실시 전후에 유아를 대상으로 한 자아효능감 검사와 생명존중인식검사를 실시하고 그 자료는 SPSS 18.0 로 분석하였다. 그 결과 긍정적인 생각과 자신감을 나타내는 자아효능감, 자연과 함께 더불어 살아가며 생명을 존중하는 생명존중인식이 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상되었다(p<0.05). 오감체험활동을 통해 유아들은 온몸으로 자유롭게 자연을 마음껏 느낄 수 있었고, 교실에서 이루어지는 활동에 비해 자아효능감이나 생명존중인식에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

• 환경생물
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.468-475
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• 2015

노닐페놀에 물벼룩을 노출하여 급성독성수치를 산출하고 만성독성을 조사하여 생존, 생식능, 성장에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 그 결과, 노닐페놀에 노출된 물벼룩의 급성독성 수치 $EC_{50}$은 용량의존적인 증가를 보였으며, 물벼룩의 일령 증가에 의한 $EC_{50}$의 증가 폭은 크지 않았다. 만성독성시험에 의한 생존률은 최고농도인 $10{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$에서 90%로 관찰되어 대조군과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 대조군과 비교하여 고농도에서 총 출산한 새끼수, 출산횟수가 감소하며, 첫 출산까지 걸리는 시간이 늘어나는 경향이 관찰되었고 NOEC와 LOEC는 각각 $3.2{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$, $5.6{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$로 산출되었다. 또한 체장 측정 결과 대조군에 비해 노닐페놀 노출군에서 농도가 증가할수록 성장이 저해되는 양상이 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과는 노닐페놀이 물벼룩의 생식을 저해시키는 물질로 작용했음을 알 수 있다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권12호
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• pp.801-806
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• 2010

The existence of glycine residues in long-chain scorpion toxins has been well documented. However, their role as analgesics has not been evaluated. To address this issue, we investigated the functional role of glycines in the C-terminal end of Chinese-scorpion toxin from Buthus martensii Karsch (BmK AGP-SYPU2) using site-directed mutagenesis and analgesic activity assays. Recombinant BmK AGP-SYPU2 and its mutants were efficiently expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity using immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) and cation exchange chromatography. The mouse-twisting test was used to detect the analgesic activity of BmK AGP-SYPU2 and its mutants. As a result, we identified glycines at the C-terminal end that, when altered, significantly affected analgesic activity. Also, Mut6566 was significantly decreased compared to BmK AGP-SYPU2. These data indicate that the glycines at the C-terminal end are important for the analgesic activity of BmK AGP-SYPU2.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.189-203
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• 1988

The main objective of this dissertation is to find out the measurement methods of household work organization and manger style and the quantitative analysis methods of influential factors on household work organization and manager style. Subjects were homemakers living in metropolitan , medium and small cities. Questionnaires were sent to subjects and usable responses were 1139 out of 1239 received questionnaires. Data collected through both preliminary and main survey were analyzed by using frequencies, percentage, analysis of variance, chi-square test and pearson's correlation analysis. Results are as follows; 1) The degree of household work organization was distributed on upper middle level exceeding middle score. Among subsystems of household work such as task assignment , test regularization, task arrangement and task standardization. subjects show the highest positive attitude in task standardization. 2) The characteristics of management in household work have task centered orientation. By the prority of task centered orientation, the order was integrated style. dedicated style. It means that the most ideal style is an integrated style which accounts for one-third of the total homemakers. 3) Household organization's subsystems and household work manager style are related with socio-demographic variables. Integrated style is significantly related with homemaker's employment and having helpers for household work. homemakers who are employed and have helpers for household work exhibit high scores in task assignment and task arrangement. Dedicated style is significantly related with homemaker's age and the number of children. Homemakers who are older and have many children exhibit high scores in task assignment. Related style is significantly related with marriage duration, education level and income level. Homemakers who have a long marriage duration exhibit high scores in task assignment and who have high education and income level exhibit high scores in task regularization. Seperates style is significantly related with homemaker's age m marriage duration an family life cycle. homemakers who ar older, have a long marriage duration and are of late stage in family life cycle exhibit seperated style and high scores in organization. To summarize research findings, household work manger and household work organization are related with family life experiences, and task assignment is an influential variable on manager style. in conclusion, it is evident that household work organization emphasizes efficiency as cognitive component and such organization. Finally it is necessary to broaden this research considered social psychological variables. And also it needs to build household manger style models appropriate fro the characteristics of each style.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2012

Objective: This study developed a new shower carrier prototype to reduce caregivers' muscle burden and to increase use convenience by reflecting the needs of domestic long-term care institutions. Background: In the long-term care institutions, one of the ADL(Activities of Daily Life) factors is bathing/showering. Recently, bath/shower-assisting equipment is actively being introduced in care institutions to reduce the caregivers' care cost, but most of the domestic equipment was designed to imitate foreign products and rarely reflected the needs of care institutions. Method: Based on Korean elderly people's body information, the bed size(length: 1,900mm, width: 650mm) was set-up, and a variable headrest with a newly designed headform was developed to provide the comfort for the elderly and convenience for caregivers. To reduce caregivers' muscle burden on transferring and showering activities, a 3-step column lifting module equipped with dual actuators(lowest/highest levels from the ground: 600/1,100mm, Stroke: 500mm) was developed, and the wheelbase parameter(length: 1,250mm, width: 580mm) was defined securing the turn-over safety of the shower carrier. The drivability tests were performed for the prototype and foreign product, and the male and female subject's muscle activities were measured through the tests. Results: The structural stability of the shower carrier prototype was secured by finite element analysis, and the muscle activities of the subjects through the drivability tests largely decreased in the prototype, compared to the foreign product. Conclusion: In this study, a new shower carrier prototype was developed to possibly reduce caregivers' muscle burden and to increase use convenience based on the needs of long-term care institutions. It was expected that the drivability performance of the prototype could be relatively superior to that of the foreign product. Application: The results obtained from the study can be applied for the optimal development of a shower carrier including other equipment to effectively care for the elderly.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.512-518
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• 2008

Guided wave technology is advantageous for fast inspection of pipe wall thinning since the guided wave propagates long distance. In this investigation, the method to evaluate gradual wall thinning in a pipe based on the arrival time delay with magnetostrictive patch transducers is presented. Low frequency A0 Lamb waves were generated and measured by the present transducer and it was applied to arrival time delay measurement experiments on a test pipe having gradual wall thinnings artificially manufactured. From experiments, consistent results that wall thinning increases the arrival time delay of A0 waves were obtained. Consequently, the feasibility of the magnetostrictive patch transducers to evaluate wall thinning was verified.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.327-335
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to suggest the modified 'Korean Standard-Quality Excellence Index' model and analyze the improvement effect with survey data by comparing the properness between current and suggested model result. Methods: The collected data through the survey were analyzed using paired t-test and unbalanced ANOVA method for testing the consistency of two customer satisfaction evaluating categories and comparing the current model to suggested model for confirming the improvement of performance. Results: The statistical analysis result shows that adjusted model using prior information improves the consistency between two customer satisfaction in case of short life-cycle product. Also long life-cycle product case, the result shows difference gap decreasing with same direction. Conclusion: Considering statistical model for QEI reflecting the characteristic of product group such as life cycle seems to be meaningful. Since index may be compared yearly base for checking the trend, careful approaching without big change should be considered for application.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2018

Yogurt, which has long been consumed as a longevity food, is characterized by a large number of lactic acid bacteria. The sales of yogurt market have increased for the past three years due to research findings that the intestinal microbial environment is closely associated with many human diseases and the well-being trend of recent consumers. The recent trends in the yogurt market have focused to low sugar content, functionalities such as enhanced immunity, and yogurt for freezing. In addition, recent yogurt products tend to be labeled for certain lactic acid bacteria having functionality in their products. Many yogurts have names of specific lactic acid bacteria on their products, such as 'Activia' and 'Bifidus'. We monitored the 'Bifidus' products in the market for reflecting its regulated counting in their products required to contain more than 10 million Bifidobacteria according to the revised lactic acid bacteria-counting test of Food Code 2015.

• 한국노년학
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.595-609
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• 2016

이 연구의 목적은 지역사회기반의 자기관리지지중재가 골관절염 의료급여수급자의 환자활력, 관절유연성 및 건강 관련 삶의 질에 미치는 단기효과를 확인하기 위함이었다. 연구 설계는 자기관리지지중재의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 무작위 대조군 전후설계를 활용하였으며, 이 연구는 자기주도적 관절염질병관리 역량강화연구의 일부이다. 연구대상은 일 지역 고위험군 의료급여수급자 중에서 60명의 골관절염환자를 대상으로 실험군(n=30)과 대조군(n=30)에 무작위 할당하였다. 8회기로 구성된 자기관리지지중재는 대상자 중심의 케어를 전략으로 인지 정서 행위기술을 활용하였으며, 교육 훈련된 의료급여관리사에 의하여 제공되었다. 연구도구는 구조화된 설문지, 관절각도기 및 줄자를 활용하였다. 자료 분석방법은 기술적 통계와 ${\chi}^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, t-test, ANCOVA를 활용하였다. 실험군은 대조군에 비하여 자기관리를 위한 환자활력, 관절유연성이 유의하게 증가되었으나 건강 관련 삶의 질 수준은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 향후에는 자기관리지지중재에 대한 장기(9 and 12-month follow up) 효과가 제시될 필요가 있다.