• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2011년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.219-224
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• 2011

The research reviews the logical approach based on the creative thoughts. The two logical approaches, including deductive convergent and inductive divergent are discussed with why-why techniques and how-how techniques. While the deductive thinking is vertical logic for interconnected hierarchical and deep domains, the inducive thinking is horizontal logic for mutually exclusive and collectively exhausted frameworks. The creative thinking comes from the reversing the logic and lessening the premise of convergent and divergent approaches.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the strategies that middle school students used in solving problems concerning density and solubility. These were compared in the aspects of problem contexts for 42 students of varying logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach. A coding scheme used consists of five categories: reading & organization, production, errors, evaluation, and strategy. Students' protocols were analyzed after intercoder agreement had been established to be .95. The results were as follows: 1. Students had more difficulties in reading and organizing the problems in everyday contexts than in scientific contexts. Students at the concrete-operational stage and / or surface approach were more likely to have difficulties in reading and organizing the problems than those at the formal-operational stage and / or deep approach. 2. Students tended to split up the solubility problems into sub-problems and to solve the density problem in everyday contexts in random manner. These were significantly correlated with the test scores concerning logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach at the .1 level of significance. 3. Major errors in solving the density problems were to disregard the given information or generated and to use inappropriate information. Many errors in solving the solubility problems were found to be executive errors. The strategy to use the information given appropriately was positively related to students' logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach. 4. More evaluation strategies were found in everyday contexts. Their strategies to grasp the meaning of answers and to check the math were significantly related to students' logical reasoning ability. 5. Students used the random trial-and-error strategy more than the systematic strategy and the systematic trial-and-error strategy, especially in everyday contexts. The strategies used by the students were significantly related to students' logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.148-154
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• 2010

불확실성 데이터베이스의 의미론 정의는 보통 주어진 불확실성 데이터베이스를 여러 개의 관계형데이터베이스로 변환하는 산술적 접근방법을 취한다. 이 논문에서는 불확실성데이터베이스를 논리이론으로 변환하는 논리적 접근방법을 통해서 불확실성 데이터베이스의 의미론을 정의하고자 한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 의미론의 가장 특징적인 면은 기존의 논리적 접근방법에서 사용해온 명제논리 대신에 선형논리를 논리적 근간으로 이용한다는 점이다. 선형논리는 논리식을 불변진리가 아닌 소비가능한 자원으로 해석하기 때문에 불확실성 데이터베이스의 의미론을 정의하는데 적합하다. 본 논문의 핵심 결과는 선형논리에 기반한 불확실성 데이터베이스의 의미론이 산술적 접근방식에서 설명하는 불확실성 데이터베이스의 의미론과 동등하다는 것이다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.952-962
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• 2013

본 연구는 논의와 글쓰기가 과학 탐구에 접목된 탐구적 과학 글쓰기 수업을 과학 수업 현장에 투입한 후 학생들의 요약 글쓰기, 논리적 사고, 그리고 학업 성취도에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대도시 소재 여자중학교 2학년 4개 반을 선정하여, 7개 주제에 대하여 실험 집단 2개 반에는 탐구적 과학 글쓰기 수업을, 비교 집단 2개 반에는 교과서 위주의 강의와 안내된 실험 수업을 실시하였다. 학생들의 요약 글쓰기 분석 결과 핵심 개념(big idea) 영역과 과학 개념 설명 영역에서 비교 집단과 실험 집단 사이에 유의미한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). 학생들의 논리적 사고와 학생들의 학업 성취도에서도 각각 비교 집단과 실험 집단 사이에 유의미한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). 그리고 학업 성취도에서는 수업 처치와 구획 변인 사이의 상호 작용 효과도 나타났는데(p<.05), 탐구적 과학 글쓰기 수업은 하위 집단에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 요약 글쓰기에서 논의 과정과 글쓰기 형식에는 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나왔는데 유의미한 차이가 있다는 선행 연구 결과를 참고할 때, 이 같은 결과의 원인 분석과 이에 대한 연구가 앞으로도 계속되어야 하겠다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.264-270
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• 2011

A new method for creating a logical data model is proposed. The logical data model developed by the method defines table, primary key, foreign key, and fields. The framework of the logical data model is constructed by modeling the relationships between events and their related entity types. The proposed method consists of a series of objective and quantitative decisions such as maximum cardinality of relationships and functional dependency between the primary key and attributes. Even beginners to database design can use the methology as long as they understand such basic concepts about relational databases as primary key, foreign key, relationship cardinality, parent-child relationship, and functional dependency. The simple and systematic approach minimizes decision errors made by a database designer. In practial database design the method creates a logical data model in Boyce-Codd normal form unless the user of the method makes a critical decision error, which is very unlikely.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.163-175
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• 1997

This study is aimed at developing the systematic application of logic in composition of architectural space. It is investigated in the logical concept and its development applied to the rule of composition. Applying the method to the architectural composition. it is focused on modeling to the systematic approach in architectural composition. Therefore this study is investigated in the design process on the viewpoint of the systematic approach considering diverse variables. and it is accomplished to logical composition in architectural space. Being more studied. this method is applied to the composition of architect ureal space and practice.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.37-62
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• 2006

This paper considers the problem of designing logical tunnels in virtual private networks considering QoS guarantee which restricts the number of tunnel hops for each traffic routing. The previous researches focused on the design of logical tunnel itself and Steiner-tree based solution algorithms were proposed. However, we show that for some objective settings it is not sufficient and is necessary to consider both physical and logical connectivity at the same time. Thereupon, the concept of the layered network is applied to the logical tunnel design problem in virtual private networks. The layered network approach considers the design of logical tunnel as well as its physical routing and we propose a modified branch-and-price algorithm which is known to solve layered network design problems effectively. To show the performance of the proposed algorithm, computational experiments have been done and the results show that the proposed algorithm solves the given problem efficiently and effectively.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1043-1056
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• 2017

A styled document is a document that contains diverse decorating functions such as different font, colors, tables and images generally authored in a word processor (e.g., MS-WORD, Open Office). Compared to a plain-text document, a styled document enables a human to easily recognize a logical structure such as section, subsection and contents of a document. However, it is difficult for a computer to recognize the structure if a writer does not explicitly specify a type of an element by using the styling functions of a word processor. It is one of the obstacles to enhance document version management systems because they currently manage the document with a file as a unit, not the document elements as a management unit. This paper proposes a machine learning based approach to analyzing the logical structure of a styled document composing of sections, subsections and contents. We first suggest a feature vector for characterizing document elements from a styled document, composing of eight features such as font size, indentation and period, each of which is a frequently discovered item in a styled document. Then, we trained machine learning classifiers such as Random Forest and Support Vector Machine using the suggested feature vector. The trained classifiers are used to automatically identify logical structure of a styled document. Our experiment obtained 92.78% of precision and 94.02% of recall for analyzing the logical structure of 50 styled documents.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권6A호
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• pp.361-370
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 PNNI(Private Network to Network Interface) 기반의 무선 ATM 망에서 단말의 이동성을 보장하기 위해 기존의 위치 등록기 구조를 개선하고자 한다. 기존의 위치 등록기 구조는 위치 등록기를 물리적 계층으로 배치함으로 인해 다수의 데이터베이스가 요구되고, 데이터베이스 액세스 회수와 신호 트래픽 및 호 설정 지연 등이 증가하는 문제점을 갖고 있었다. 이 문제점을 보완하기 위해 본 논문에서는 논리적 계층 형태로 이루어진 위치 등록기 구조를 제시하고자 한다. 제안된 논리적 계층 구조에서는 위치 등록기를 논리적인 그룹으로 묶고, 이 그룹들을 다시 그룹으로 묶어서 위치 등록기의 논리적인 트리 형태로 만들어 상위 레벨의 위치 등록기의 역할을 하위 레벨의 위치 등록기 중 하나가 수행하도록 하고 있다. 기존의 위치 등록기 구조와 성능을 비교한 결과에서 제안된 논리적 계층 구조는 데이터베이스 수와 위치 관리비용 측면에서 우수한 성능을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 1997

Students' protocols obtained from think-aloud interviews were analyzed in the aspects of the success at first two problem-solving stages (understanding and planning), the time to complete a problem, the time at each problem-solving stage, the number of transition, and the transition rate. These were compared in the aspects of the context of problem, the success in solving problem, students' logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach. The results were as follows:1. Students tended to spend more time in everyday contexts than in scientific contexts, especially at the stages of understanding and reviewing. The transition rate during solving a problem in everyday contexts was greater than that in scientific contexts. 2. Unsuccessful students spent more time at the stage of understanding, but successful students spent more time at the stage of planning. 3. Students' logical reasoning ability, as measured with the Group Assessment of Logical Thinking, was significantly correlated with the success in solving problem. Concrete-operational students spent more time in completing a problem, especially understanding the problem. 4. Students' spatial ability, as measured with the Purdue Visualization of Rotations Test and the Find A Shape Puzzle, was significantly correlated with their abilities to understand a problem and to plan for its solution. 5. Students' learning approach, as measured with the Questionnaire on Approaches to Learning and Studying, was not significantly correlated with the success in solving problem. However, the students in deep approach had more transitions and greater transition rates than the students in surface approach.