• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.1112-1125
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• 2012

To realize LBS (Location Based Service), typically GPS is mostly used. However, this system can be only used in out-sides. Furthermore, the use of the GPS in sensor networks is not efficient due to the low power consumption. Hence, we propose methods for the location positioning which is runnable at indoor in this paper. The proposed methods elaborate the location positioning system via applying K-NN(K-Nearest Neighbour) Algorithm with its intermediate values based on IEEE 802.15.4 technology; which is mostly used for the sensor networks. Logically the accuracy of the location positioning is proportional to the number of sampling sensor nodes' RSS according to the K-NN. By the way, numerous sampling uses a lot of sensor networks' resources. In order to reduce the number of samplings, we, instead, attempt to use the intermediate values of K-NN's signal boundaries, so that our proposed methods are able to positioning almost two times as accurate as the general ways of K-NN's result.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.49-62
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• 2008

This paper proposes an indoor location positioning system for the image recognition based LBS. The proposed system is a vision-based location positioning system that is implemented the augmented reality by overlaying the location results with the view of the user. For implementing, the proposed system uses the pattern matching and location model to recognize user location from images taken by a wearable mobile PC with camera. In the proposed system, the system uses the pattern matching and location model for recognizing a personal location in image sequences. The system is estimated user location by the image sequence matching and marker detection methods, and is recognized user location by using the pre-defined location model. To detect marker in image sequences, the proposed system apply to the adaptive thresholding method, and by using the location model to recognize a location, the system can be obtained more accurate and efficient results. Experimental results show that the proposed system has both quality and performance to be used as an indoor location-based services(LBS) for visitors in various environments.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.373-376
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• 2005

유비퀴토스 환경에서 차세대 LBS(Location-Based Service) 서비스를 위한 콘텐츠를 제공하기 위해 각 단말기와 환경 및 사용자의 취향에 맞게 콘텐츠를 리퍼포징(Repurposing)해야 한다. 콘텐츠 리퍼포징이란 유비퀴토스 환경 구축에 필수적인 핵심 기술로서, 하나의 원본 콘텐츠를 사용자의 선호도, 단말기 특성, 네트워크 특성 등에 따라 최적의 상태로 적응/변환하여 제공함을 말한다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 사용자에게 차세대 LBS 서비스를 위해 콘텐츠의 사용자 정보와 콘텐츠 관련 환경 정보 등을 분석, 전달하기 위한 방법론을 제안하고, 또한 리퍼포징된 콘텐츠의 다양한 정보 분석 방법을 제공하기 위한 미들웨어 아키텍처를 설계한다. 이는 학문적으로 새로운 최첨단의 이론과 기술을 창출하고 이를 기반으로 차세대 LBS 서비스 분야에 혁신적인 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1045-1052
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• 2011

Recently, because of complex cultural space, underground space are becoming larger. Therefore, the demand for location-based services is growing. VLC (Visible Light Communication) is based on the LED lighting infrastructure so that suitable LBS (Location-based service) is possible for the targeted places in indoor space. To experiment with indoor LBS by VLC, we measure the identification distance according to variable angles between LED and photo diode. We send the different ASCII code for each LED light, then we found the maximum identification distance is 1.75m from LED lights. From the results of this experiment, we show that indoor navigation is possible.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.31-60
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• 2016

Purpose In 2016, the market size of mobile(m-) shopping goes beyeond more than half of a total of online shopping. People use smartphones as the main device for m-commerce. Under the circmustances, this study attempts to address why people prefer to use smartphone-based m-commerce. In other words, it is necessary to understand the main value that smartphone-based m-commerce creates. Drawing on the studies of consumption value, this study focuses on utilitarian value in predicting customers' continuance intention in the context of smartphone-based m-commerce, recognizing that utilitarian value is a key extrinsic motivation in the goal-oriented, performance-oriented shopping contexts. Furthermore, this study identifies factors affecting customers' utilitarian value from the perspective of benefits and costs, following the notion that it represents the result of evaluating a trade-off of benefits and costs caused by smartphone-based m commerce. More specifically, in this study, ubiquitous service, location-based service (LBS), transaction speed, and price utility belong to the benefit dimension, whereas technology anxiety and cognitive effort belong to the cost dimension. Design/methodology/approach To test the proposed hypotheses, the study conducted partial least squares (PLS) analysis with a total of 294 data collected on users with experience in smartphone-based m-commerce. Findings The results show that first, utilitarian value is increased by the benefits, such as ubiquitous service, transaction speed, and price utility. However, LBS has no direct effect on utilitarian value. Second, the noteworthy finding is that ubiquitous service and LBS greatly increase transaction speed. Third, technology anxiety and cognitive effort considered as the cost dimension are negatively associated with utilitarian value but their impacts on it are non-significant. Finally, the results support the argument that utilitarian value is a determinant of continuance intention. Overall, the findings imply that utilitarian value greatly depends on the peception on benefits rather than the aspect of cost in smartphone-based m-commerce. Overall, the findings offer new insight into the studies of m-commerce by considering and verifying the impacts of its benefits and costs simultaneously.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.569-577
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• 2016

Place recognition for LBS (Location Based Service) has been one of the important techniques for user-oriented service. FLANN (Fast Library for performing Approximate Nearest Neighbor) of place recognition with image features is fast, but it is affected much by environmental condition such as occlusions. This paper presents a place recognition method using quad vocabulary tree with SURF (Speeded Up Robust Features). In learning stage, an image is represented with spatial pyramid of three levels and vocabulary trees of their sub-regions are constructed. Query image is matched with the learned vocabulary trees in each level. The proposed method measures homography error of the matched features. By considering the number of inliers in sub-region, we can improve place recognition performance.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.145-168
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• 2007

Like to change to the information-oriented society, the guard service needs to be changed. The communication and hardware technology develop rapidly and according to the internet environment change from cable to wireless, modern person can approach every kinds of information service using wireless communication machinery which can be moved such as laptop, computer, PDA, mobile phone and so on, LBS field which presents the needing information and service at anytime, anywhere, and which kinds of device expands it's territory all the more together with the appearance of ubiquitous concept. LBS use the chip in the mobile phone and make to confirm the position of the joining member anytime within several tens centimeters to hundreds meters. LBS can be divided by the service method which use mobile communication base station and apply satellite. Also each service type can be divided by location chase service, public safe service, location based information service and so on, and it is the part which will plan with guard service development. It will be prospected 8.460 hundred million in 2005 years and 16.561 hundred million in 2007 years scale of market. Like this situation, it can be guessed that the guard service has to change rapidly according to the LBS application. Study method chooses documentary review basically, and at first theory method mainly uses the second documentary examination which depends on learned journal and independent volume which published in the inside and the outside of the country, internet searching, other kinds of all study report, statute book, thesis which published at public order research institute of the Regional Police Headquarter, police operation data, data which related with statute, documents and statistical data which depend on private guard company and so on. So the purpose of the study gropes in accordance with the LBS application, and present the problems and improvement method to analyze indirect of manager side of operate guard adaptation service of LBS, government side which has to activate LBS, systematical, operation management, manpower management and education training which related with guard course side which has to study and educate in accordance with application of the new guard service, as well as intents to excellent quality service of guard.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

LBS (Location Based Service) cannot be realized unless we can obtain the user's current location. Therefore, in order to realize indoor LBS, many researchers have been working on WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) based indoor positioning and tracking. Meanwhile, Kalman filter has been widely used in the field of GPS based outdoor user tracking. The main purpose of this paper is proposing an extended Kalman filter method for indoor tracking. Our experimental results show that Kalman filter can be used to improve the accuracy of the measured tracks and the track can be further improved by making use of the map information.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

LBS 기술은 현재까지 이동통신 기술의 발전 및 측위 기술의 고도화를 통해 다양한 측위 인프라를 기반으로 발전되어 왔다. 측위 환경 및 방식에 따른 다양한 LBS 솔루션이 공존하며 대부분의 표준 단체에서 새로운 기술을 개발하고 있다. 네트워크 기반 측위 기술은 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 인프라임에도 불구하고 상용 수준에서 만족할 만한 성능을 보이고 있지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 네트워크 기반 측위의 중요성 및 범용성을 감안하여 관련 기술 및 표준화 동향을 살펴보고 현재의 기술 수준을 향상시키고 고정밀 위치인자를 가능하게 하기 위해서 해결되어야 할 과제에 대해 고찰해 보도록 한다.

• ICROS
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.40-46
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• 2009

1997년 개념적 형태의 제안 이후 LBS는 위치 기술의 고도화, 인터넷 및 이동통신 기술의 발전 등을 통해 기술적 발전을 거듭해 왔으며 3세대 이후 이동통신 분야에서의 Digital Convergence 흐름을 고려할 때, 향후 Killer Application으로 성장할 것으로 예상된다. 이러한 시점에서 본 논문에서는 위치기반서비스(LBS:Location based service)기술의 흐름을 이해하고 미래의 LBS 기술 발전 방향을 파악하고자 LBS의 표준의 과거와 현재, 그리고 미래를 살펴보고자 한다. 구체적으로 LBS 관련하여 진행 중인 3GPP, 3GPP2, IEEE 등의 기술 표준 단체 및 OMA, OGC, WiMAX Forum등의 서비스 표준 단체에 대한 소개와 표준화 동향에 대하여 분석한다.