• Computers and Concrete
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.365-386
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• 2010

This paper presents the physical formulation of a 1D material model suitable for seismic applications. It is written within the framework of thermodynamics with internal variables that is, especially, very efficient for the phenomenological representation of material behaviors at macroscale: those of the representative elementary volume. The model can reproduce the main characteristics observed for concrete, that is nonsymetric loading rate-dependent (viscoelasticity) behavior with appearance of permanent deformations and local hysteresis (continuum plasticity), stiffness degradation (continuum damage), cracking due to displacement localization (discrete plasticity or damage). The parameters have a clear physical meaning and can thus be easily identified. Although this point is not detailed in the paper, this material model is developed to be implemented in a finite element computer program. Therefore, for the benefit of the robustness of the numerical implementation, (i) linear state equations (no local iteration required) are defined whenever possible and (ii) the conditions in which the presented model can enter the generalized standard materials class - whose elements benefit from good global and local stability properties - are clearly established. To illustrate the capabilities of this model - among them for Earthquake Engineering applications - results of some numerical applications are presented.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.231-241
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• 2019

In this study, a simplified analysis method was developed to evaluate the fatigue damage of an ice-going ship under broken ice condition. The global ice load, which is essentially calculated at the design stage of the Arctic vessel, and the hull form information were used to estimate the local ice load acting on the outer-shell of the ship. The local ice load was applied to the finite element analysis model, and the Weibull parameters for the target fatigue point were derived. Finally, fatigue damage was evaluated by applying the S-N curve and the Palmgren-Miner rule. For the verification of the proposed method, numerical analyses using direct approach were performed for the same conditions. A numerical model that implements the interaction between ice and structure was introduced to verify the local ice load and the stress calculated from the proposed method. Finally, the fatigue analyses of the Baltic Sea for actual ice conditions were performed, and the results of the proposed method, the method using numerical analysis, and the LR method were compared.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.453-462
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• 2014

The levee and bridge pier in estuary of the Hangang River are exposed in a dangerous condition due to bank erosion and local scouring occurred since the summer season in 2011. At first, it is presumed that the high sandbar formed in river channel of the study area was an important element in the occurrence of bank erosion and local scouring. It can be presumed that the record-breaking depth of freezing due to cold wave for the long term during the winter season between 2010 and 2011 as well as the heavy intensive rainfall of 2011 had a decisive effect on the first damage of A section. The second damage of B section mainly occurred around the bridge pier constructed on the high water channel before it was washed away during the winter season between 2011 and 2012. It is considered that the second damage was caused by ice formation and ice floes.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.1394-1405
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• 2022

The importance of ensuring the inherent safety and security has been more emphasized in recent years to demonstrate the integrity of nuclear facilities under external human-induced events (e.g. aircraft crashes). This work suggests a simulation methodology to effectively evaluate the impact of a commercial aircraft engine onto a dry storage facility. A full-scale engine model was developed and verified by Riera force-time history analysis. A reinforced concrete (RC) structure of a dry storage facility was also developed and material behavior of concrete was incorporated using three constitutive models namely: Continuous Surface Cap, Winfrith, and Karagozian & Case for comparison. Strain-based erosion limits for concrete were suitably defined and the local responses were then compared and analyzed with empirical formulas according to variations in impact velocity. The proposed methodology reasonably predicted such local damage modes of RC structure from the engine missile, and the analysis results agreed well with the calculations of empirical formulas. This research is expected to be helpful in reviewing the dry storage facility design and in the probabilistic risk assessment considering diverse impact scenarios.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.341-358
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• 1995

The results of a series of ten W-shaped test specimens subjected to monotonic, quasi-static cyclic loading and fatigue type of loading in the form of constant amplitude tests are presented. The objectives were to assess and compare the rotation capacity and energy absorption of monotonically and cyclically loaded beams, and for the latter specimens to document the deterioration in the form of low cycle fatigue due to local buckling. In addition, strength and energy dissipation deterioration and damage models have been developed for the steel beam section under consideration. Finally, a generalized model which uses plate slenderness values and lateral slenderness is proposed for predicting rate in strength deterioration per reversal and cumulated damage after a given number of reversals.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.249-260
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• 2015

Damage detection based on a reference set of measured data usually has the problem of different environmental temperature in the two sets of measurements, and the effect of temperature difference is usually ignored in the subsequent model updating. This paper attempts to identify the structural damage including the temperature difference with artificial measurement noise. Both local damages and the temperature difference are identified in a gradient-based model updating method based on dynamic response sensitivity. The sensitivities of dynamic response with respect to the system parameters and temperature difference are calculated by direct integration method. The measured dynamic responses of the structure from two different states are used directly to identify the structural local damages and the temperature difference. A single degree-of-freedom mass-spring system and a planar truss structure are studied to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.393-416
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• 2011

Hybrid acceleration-impedance sensor nodes on Imote2-platform are designed for damage monitoring in steel girder connections. Thus, the feasibility of the sensor nodes is examined about its performance for vibration-based global monitoring and impedance-based local monitoring in the structural systems. To achieve the objective, the following approaches are implemented. First, a damage monitoring scheme is described in parallel with global vibration-based methods and local impedance-based methods. Second, multi-scale sensor nodes that enable combined acceleration-impedance monitoring are described on the design of hardware components and embedded software to operate. Third, the performances of the multi-scale sensor nodes are experimentally evaluated from damage monitoring in a lab-scaled steel girder with bolted connection joints.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2017

본 연구는 PSC(Post Tensioned Concrete) 교량 및 사장교(Cable Stayed Bridge) 등에 많이 적용되는 강연선의 국부적 손상에 따른 응력 회복길이를 분석하였다. 강연선은 PC 강선(Prestressing Strand)을 여러 줄을 꼬은 강재이며, 재료의 특성상 준공후 지속적으로 손상이 발생하며 부식 등이 주요 손상원인이다. 이에 따른 손상에 따른 성능저하가 발생하지만, 구조적인 특성상 케이블 내부의 손상 정도 및 응력 변화 패턴을 파악하기 어렵다. 교량에 적용된 케이블의 경우 설치 형상에 따라 채수 등에 따라 부식에 취약한 부분이 발생하며, 이로 인해 국부적인 손상이 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구는 교량 Post-Tensioning 또는 케이블 사장재에 주로 적용되는 강연선(7-Wire Strand)의 국부적 손상에 따른 성능저하 경향 및 응력 회복길이를 FEA 해석을 통하여 분석하였다. 향후 본 연구에서 구축하고자 하는 해석모델을 활용하여 PSC 교량 및 사장교 케이블 등의 안전성 평가 및 잔존수명 예측에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 강판에 발생한 국부적인 손상의 진단을 위해 강자성의 연속체 구조물에 적합한 비파괴진단 기법인 누설자속 기법을 적용하였다. 강판시편의 두께 변화에 따른 누설자속 기반 진단 기법의 민감도를 분석하기 위해 각각 다른 두께를 가지는 몇 가지의 강판시편을 준비하였고, 각각의 시편에 3가지 깊이의 인공결함을 가공하였다. 홀센서와 자화요크를 이용하여 일정한 자화밀도를 가지는 누설자속 센서헤드를 제작하여 강판시편으로부터 누설자속 신호를 계측하였다. 센서헤드로부터 수집된 자속신호의 품질향상을 위해 일련의 신호처리 과정을 거쳤으며, 각 손상지점으로부터 계측된 누설자속 신호의 확인을 통해 국부손상 감지의 가능성을 확인하였다. 강판두께에 따른 누설자속 기법의 손상감지 민감도의 분석을 위해 각각 다른 두께의 강판시편으로부터 검출된 MFL 신호에서 P-P value를 정량적으로 추출하였고 그 값을 비교 분석 하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호통권36호
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• pp.339-353
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 정량적인 지진 손상모델의 유도를 위해 먼저 지진 반복하중하에서 구조물 및 그들 요소에 대한 기존의 손상 모델들을 체계적으로 정리한 후 문제점을 평가하였다. 또한, 강한 지진과 같은 심한 반복가력을 받는 강구조 부재에 대한 파괴기준을 묘사하였으며, 강부재에 대한 새로운 지진 손상도 평가방법을 제안하였다. 이 손상모델은 극저 사이클 하중하에서 강부재에 대한 일련의 실험과 수치해석 연구로부터 얻어진 것이다. 본 연구에서 극저 사이클 하중은 큰 소성변형 영역안에서 5~20 사이클의 반복하중을 의미한다. 제안된 내진 손상평가 방법은 변형이 가장 심하게 집중된 단면에 있어서 국소 변형율의 이력에 초점을 맞추어 유도되었다.