• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 2015

This study was performed to assess the level of ozone risk for wheat in the central region of the Korean Peninsula by using two ozone indices, the ozone-concentration based index (AOT40) and the ozone-flux based index ($AF_{st}Y$), and to analyze the relationship between the two indices. In the present study for $AF_{st}Y$ calculation, the Monin-Obukhov length was estimated using the Pasquill stability class which was determined from routine meteorological data such as wind speed, solar radiation and cloudiness. The AOT40 and $AF_{st}6$ indices were calculated for wheat at 3 sites in the central region of the Korean Peninsula during a period of 3 months from April 1 to June 30, 2006. It should be noted that the estimation of ozone index $AF_{st}6$ in this study was performed under several assumptions. The results for both indices, AOT40 and $AF_{st}6$, showed that agricultural crops could be seriously damaged by ozone in the local region of the Korean Peninsula.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2010

Purpose: Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor that occurs mostly in head and neck regions. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary because it tends to be locally aggressive and goes through distal metastasis with fast progression. This study presents reliable surgical methods for sebaceous carcinoma in head and neck regions. Methods: Three patients were included in this study. First, a 61-year-old woman visited the hospital with a yellow-colored, slowly growing mass on the left ala. A 54-year-old woman had a brown-colored mass on her right preauricle. Last case was a 62-year-old man who had a yellow-colored mass on his scalp. CT scan and punch biopsy were done. All cases were diagnosed as sebaceous carcinoma. The lesions were resected with 10 mm safety margin and various regional flaps were used for reconstruction. Results: Histological examination revealed sebaceous differentiation and local invasions. Postoperatively, all patients did not suffer from complication and no recurrence was found. Conclusion: We recommend early wide excision with an enough safety margin, and a regional flap as a treatment of sebaceous carcinoma.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.25
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• pp.243-266
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• 2005

Product liability is becoming a real issue to exporters, manufacturers world wide. The purpose of this study is to examine the product liability of Korean exporters, manufacturers, etc. under Product Liability Laws and Regulations of China. For this purpose, firstly we deal with the Product Liability Laws and Regulations of China. Secondly we analyze the case study concerning the Product Liability in China. From the analysis of case study, Korean exporters, manufacturers, etc. are required to pay close attention to the following : the correspondence of English with Chinese in the warning phrases, the possibility of application of strict global standard in case of existence of product liability, the proper treatment of evidence in the process of litigation, the application of strict liability and the shift of responsibility for evidence on to a defendant, the observance of procedures prescribed by the country in design and manufacture of the product, the manufacture of product to come up to country standard in quality, the consideration of diverse expression in the preparation of warning sign, the importance of quality control and inspection system in case of local procurement of parts and raw materials, Finally, this paper contributes to help the Korean Exporters, Manufacturers, etc. to build up the proper countermeasures regarding product liability under the product liability regulations of China.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.53
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• pp.289-313
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• 2012

This study aimed to analyze research trend of the trade show industry in Korea and further to suggest the future direction on the research area where industrial strategies and governmental supports can be made. From 2001 to 2011 by order of 11-year study by analyzing research trends and future direction of policy more effective marketing strategy is precisely to provide direction for research. For the purpose of this study, 169 articles from 49 national level journals of Korea was classified and analyzed. 30 researches in 2005 was published research papers related to the exhibition industry was grew rapidly. According to the analysis, participants behavior of trade show were the most important topic with 33 articles. Various statistical methods such as ANOVA, structural equation model, path analysis, t-test and regression were used. However the study methods of these researches didn't make much progress. The result of this study indicated that we need to study more about the trade show industry of Korea, especially about local economic development and regional demand of trade show.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.154-157
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• 2016

최근 스마트폰의 보급과 더불어 근거리 무선 통신의 발달로 인해 다양한 서비스들이 연구 개발되고 있다. 한국에 방문하는 외래 관광객 수는 꾸준히 증가하고 있는 추세이며, 이 중 중국인 관광객은 2013년 기준 전체 방한 외국인 관광객 중 약 35.5%를 차지하였다. 중국인 관광객의 82.8%가 쇼핑을 목적에 두고 있으며, 그 중 향수, 화장품, 의류 항목에 가장 많은 여행시간을 투자하고 있다. 또한 방한 중국인 관광객 중 대다수가 인터넷을 사용하여 관광 정보를 입수 하고 있지만, 이러한 정보를 편리하게 제공할 서비스는 부족한 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 현재 발달되고 있는 근거리 무선 통신 중 NFC와 Beacon을 활용하여 안드로이드 기반의 관광 큐레이션 플랫폼을 구현 하였다. NFC 태그를 활용하여 쇼핑, 관광 관련 정보 및 정확한 제품 및 서비스 정보를 제공하고, Beacon을 이용하여 매장정보 및 각종 마케팅 프로모션과 이벤트 정보를 수신하도록 하였다. 추가적으로 현재 많이 사용되고 있는 Zxing 라이브러리를 활용한 QRCode 및 Barcode 리더기를 활용하여 스캔을 통한 제품 정보를 확인 가능하도록 구현하였다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.605-610
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• 2014

Clouds play an important role in climate change, in the prediction of local weather, and also in aviation safety when instrument assisted flying is unavailable. Presently, various ground-based instruments used for the measurements of the cloud base height or velocity. Lidar techniques are powerful and have many applications in climate studies, including the clouds' temperature measurement, the aerosol particle properties, etc. Otherwise, it is very circumscribed in cloud velocity measurements because there is no Doppler effect if the clouds move in the perpendicular direction to the laser beam path of Doppler lidar. In this paper, we present a method for the measurement of cloud velocity using lidar's range detection and DIC (Digital Image Correlation) system to overcome the disadvantage of Doppler lidar. The lidar system acquires the distance to the cloud, and the cloud images are tracked using the developed fast correlation algorithm of DIC. We acquired the velocities of clouds using the calculated distance and DIC algorithm. The measurement values had a linear distribution.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.31 no.2 s.257
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• pp.166-173
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• 2007

Fatigue fracture behavior of a hybrid bolted joint was evaluated in comparison to the case of static fracture. Two kinds of specimens were fabricated for the mechanical tests; a hybrid bolted joint specimen for the shear test and a hybrid joint part specimen applied in the real tilting car body for the bending test. Characteristic fracture behaviors of those specimens under cyclic toads were obviously different from the case under static loads. For the hybrid bolted joint specimen, static shear loading caused the fracture of the bolt body itself in a pure shear mode, whereas cyclic shear loading brought about the fracture at the site of local tensile stress concentration. For the hybrid joint part specimen, static bend loading caused the shear deformation and fracture in the honeycomb core region, while cyclic bend loading did the delamination along the interface between composite skin and honeycomb core layers as well as the fracture of welded joint part. Experimental results obtained by static and fatigue tests were reflected in modifications of design parameters of the hybrid joint structure in the real tilting car body.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.83-87
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• 2000

The noise prediction filter using a local/remote reference was developed to obtain a high quality data from seismic surveys over the area where seismic transmission power is limited. The method used in the noise prediction filter is a 3-layer neural network whose algorithm is backpropagation. A NRF (Noise Reduction Factor) value of about 3.0 was obtained with appling training and test data to the trained noise prediction filter. However, the scaling technique generally used for minimizing EM noise from electric and electromagnetic data cannot reduce seismic noise, since the technique can allow only amplitude difference between two time series measured at the primary and reference sites.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.947-950
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• 1995

We have experienced a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma looked like cavitary lesion of pulmonary tuberculosis in 49-year-old male patient. He has taken antituberculous medication for 5 months under the impression of pulmonary tuberculosis with cavity at local hospital. The cavitary lesion was changed nodular mass on follow-up chest X-ray. Transthoracic fine needle aspiration was done and cytologic specimen suggested squamous cell carcinoma. Right middle lobectomy was performed. The nodular mass, which was confirmed as adenocarcinoma on microscopic examination, had central cavity filled with hemorrhage.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.513-519
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• 2003

In order to deliver multicast traffic efficiently, multicast routing and reliable transmission mechanisms are required. The reliable delivery implies that lost packets must be retransmitted, which in turn requires that transmitted packets be stored in a retransmission buffer. Therefore how to manage a retransmission buffer is important and, in this paper, we try to solve the problem of how many packets should be maintained in the buffer. Our proposed scheme, the timer-based buffer management (TBM), maintains only necessary amount of buffer based on the timer value calculated from the NAKs between the replier and receivers on a multicast tree and can adjust to the dynamic network conditions. By performing simulations, we show that TBM manages the buffer efficiently regardless of the error situation, network size, and so on.