• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.75-90
• /
• 2016

It is unique from other financial institutions that credit unions in Korea have been developed as voluntary activity for enhancing the financial access of the poor in 1960s. However, currently some raise criticism that the cooperative identity as voluntary movement has been weaker. This paper endeavor to analyze the growth of credit unions during 2000s and explain what the implications of their growth are, using data from National Credit Union Federation of Korea. Our findings are as follows; firstly, the development of credit unions in 2000s are able to be regarded as a reflection of the rationale of advocate for quantitative growth. Secondly, the growth of credit unions are mostly dependant on non-taxable deposit, large loan, and collateralized loan which can lead to weaken the identity as voluntary cooperatives. Thirdly, the strategy of quantitative growth cannot be helpful for soundness of asset and profitability, eventually weakening their sustainability.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.31-54
• /
• 1985

The mutual credit of Fisheries Cooperatives is reciprocal financing bring overs and shorts to settlement themselves by filling each other's needs among feeble fishermen economically. The spread of mutual credit through Fisheries Cooperatives reduces private loan dependence and private loan interest rate at fishery village, and that fills up policy financing being restricted by working scale. And seeing movement side of Fisheries Cooperatives, it has done an under board to settle self-supporting foundation of primary fisheries cooperatives early. The mutual credit deposit shows about 53 times increase past an interval of a ten years. This increase rate is an epoch-making record being unparalleled in other banking facilities except Fisheries Cooperatives. Then being unparalleled increase rate, time and savings deposits increase has been contributed a great deal than demand deposits. Thinking important function factors as mutual credit growth, we can classify interior and exterior factors. The exterior factor is income of fishery household in some measure, interior factors are the high deposits interest rate and the enlargement of facilities organization. As these, they have been in a better factors, also have been a restriction factors. The restriction factors are conflict cancellation between mutual credit and them bring into existence a village vault, mutual savings and finance companies, private finance. For the sake of continuance growth rate in mutual credit as past, we should eliminate restricted factors in growth. On the other hand the better factors in growth should be act upon affirmation side continually. Consequently under circumstances not to an amicable settlement bring the fisheries fund demand as policy financing, we should do continuous and sound development of fisheries financing by means of putting in good order of fisheries cooperatives mutual credit. Surveying a problem from these viewpoints, when we study more deep and a full into a subject about growth project of mutual credit, we think to expect continuous growth in mutual credit of Fisheries Cooperatives.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.41-52
• /
• 2011

Seoul, although having a housing stock as huge as that of world metropolitan cities, have implemented growth-oriented policies by constructing new housing units rather than using or rehabilitating existing ones. There were, therefore, few political efforts to preserve and rehabilitate multiple dwellings. Today, substantial time has passed since multiple dwellings in Seoul and the first-stage new cities such as Bundang and Ilsan were constructed. What is required to maintain the quality of the existing housing and use it with safety is loan, subsidy and tax incentive programs which are able to promote the maintenance of existing multiple dwellings. The objective of this study is to compare and analyze the maintenance systems of financial assistance(the loan, subsidy and tax incentive programs)of the world's largest cities with various housing types, I e New York and Tokyo, and then to propose to Seoul a framework for the maintenance systems.

• Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.3037-3048
• /
• 2018

This study tried to test the result of recent study reporting that there is no the effect of cross-subsidization by applying it to the Korean banks. Besides, the study also did the research to test the previous study that diversification toward non-interest operating sector is related with the motivation of reduction of bank risk. Main results are as follows. First, there is the effect of cross-subsidization between non-interest operating sector and interest one. The higher non-interest profit to total asset is, the lower loan growth and provision to total loan are. Second, the effect of cross-subsidization is related with the fee revenue to operating revenue rather than the fiduciary revenue to operating revenue because high fee revenue results in shrinking the lending business. Third, diversification toward non-interest sector is associated with reducing risk, and risk is not increased when the high performance of non-interest sector is occurred. This evidence is not line with DeYoung, Torna (2013) arguing that non-interest operating activities lead to increasing risk. Finally, Korean banks have to expand the activities in non-interesting sector focusing on boosting fee revenue to increase the effect of cross-subsidization against the possibility of cutting net interest margin.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.41-52
• /
• 2022

Although domestic public libraries achieved quantitative growth based on the 1st and 2nd comprehensive library development plans, there were some qualitative shortcomings, and various studies have been conducted to improve them. Most of the preceding studies have limitations in that they are limited to social and economic factors and statistical analysis. Therefore, in this study, by applying the spatiotemporal concept to quantitatively calculate the decrease in public library loan demand due to rainfall and heatwave, by clustering areas with high demand for book loan due to weather changes and areas where it is not, factors inside and outside public libraries and After the combination, changes in public library loan demand according to weather changes were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, there was a difference in the decrease due to the weather for each public library, and it was found that there were some differences depending on the characteristics and spatial location of the public library. Also, when the temperature was over 35℃, the decrease in book loan demand increased significantly. As internal factors, the number of seats, the number of books, and area were derived. As external factors, the public library access ramp, cafe, reading room, floating population in their teens, and floating population of women in their 30s/40s were analyzed as important variables. The results of this analysis are judged to contribute to the establishment of policies to promote the use of public libraries in consideration of the weather in a specific season, and also suggested limitations of the study.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.785-793
• /
• 2021

The purpose of the research is to assess the factors affecting the liquidity of the commercial banks that are conducting mergers and acquisitions activities in Vietnam during the 2008-2018 period. This study employs samples based on 2-component data sets with cross-section and time-series data collected from the annual report of the State Bank and the audited acquisitions financial statements of nine commercial banks engaged in mergers and acquisitions activities. To carry out the research objectives, the authors conducted quantitative analysis through the Pooled OLS, REM, FEM and GMM models. The results shown that: (i) bank liquidity is positively affected by liquidity lagged, the return on equity (ROE) and economic growth; negatively affected by bank size, non-performing loan, short-run loan to deposit ratio; (ii) there is not enough evidence to conclude about the relationship between net profit margin, equity-to-assets ratio and inflation rate to bank liquidity; (iii) notably, we found evidence that, after the mergers and acquisitions, the liquidity of Vietnamese commercial banks decreased. The findings of this study suggest that bank managers take a more comprehensive view of the results of mergers and acquisitions and implications for banks to improve liquidity in the post-merger and acquisitions conditions.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2020

Playing an important role in developing the economy and overall developments of the country, commercial banks have to be aware of their crucial presence in order to perform well and contribute significantly. At the same time, as a place to receive deposits, banks are required to be in safe situations to avoid bankruptcy or deal with financial crises. This research seeks to identify the determinants of Capital Adequacy Ratio and Banks' performance as well as the relationship between these two dependent variables. The paper uses 128 observations of 16 Vietnamese commercial banks during the period from 2010 to 2017, with two simultaneous dependent variables CAR and ROE, and independent variables including Return on Assets, Tobin Q, Credit growth, GDP growth, Equity to Deposits, Loans to Deposits, Bank size, Cost to Income, Liquidity risk, Provision for Loan loss ratio, Non-performing loans and Inflation. The results reveal that Capital Adequacy Ratio and Banks' Performance have statistically significant relationship and Credit growth, GDP growth, Equity-to-Deposit ratio and Cost-to-Income ratio all have significant effects on two dependent variables. The findings of this study suggest that commercial banks should control the respective elements in order to maintain adequate level of capital and also create effective performance.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.5-36
• /
• 2011

Seoul citizens are currently suffering from high housing price. Home prices have risen more rapidly than salaries so owning a housing unit (apartment, condominium, or single-family home) in Seoul is becoming more difficult than ever. Therefore, this research examines the behavior of average Seoul citizen in owning housing unit in Seoul, Korea, particularly in terms of the length of time required to afford a house unit. This research estimates that it will take about 18.75 years in maximum after getting a job (12.75 years after purchasing the housing unit) to own housing unit in Seoul that is currently valued at $300,000 where the growth rate of income is 2.97% and consumption price increases at a rate of 2.95% per annum. Finally in this research, the optimal growth rate of housing price is estimated ranged from 3.5 to 4.0% minimizing the loan payoff period.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.1175-1198
• /
• 2005

The objective of the study is to verify the relationship between technology valuation indexes and corporate's performance in ventures by business operating periods. The result of the study is expected to be useful in loan evaluation, investment decision, internal management decision making and business improvement. The results of study is as follows. First, in early stage ventures, we find that three major valuation index(technology feasibility, economic efficiency, productivity) are significant ex-ante variables which are discriminating between firms' going concern and firms' failure. Second, in growth stage ventures, we find that three major valuation index(business feasibility, general marketability, technology marketability) are significant ex-ante variables which are discriminating between firms' going concern and firms' failure. Third, in early stage ventures, we find that at least thirty-eight minor valuation index elements are significant ex-ante variables which are discriminating between firms' going concern and firms' failure and in growth stage ventures, thirty-one minor valuation index elements are significant in various analysis' results.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.9 no.7
• /
• pp.197-203
• /
• 2022

The agricultural sector has an important contribution to the economic development of Vietnam in particular and other countries in general. The growth of enterprises in the industry is an important bridge in promoting the economic development of the country. Currently, the policies of the Government of Vietnam always create favorable conditions for enterprises to conduct business, especially enterprises in the agricultural sector. The study aims to assess factors influencing the profitability of listed firms in Vietnam's stock market. Using 40 enterprises in the agricultural industry listed on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange and the Hanoi Stock Exchange and using advanced econometric modeling, dealing with defects in the regression model, the research results show that large-scale firm has higher economic efficiency than small-scale firm. In addition, a firm with higher use of loan capital is associated with a more efficient firm, reflected in the relatively good debt management ability of enterprises in the agricultural sector. Adversely, growth and age do not have any impact on firm performance. Macroeconomic factors do not impact profitability. Finally, the study has some policy implications for developing agricultural businesses in the case of Vietnam.