• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.331-332
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• 2012

Structural steel has been used as a primary materials to columns and beams since 1960's in Korea with an advantages of excellent of load-bearing capacity and design flexibility, and faster construction. However, if the steel columns made of structural steel exposed to fire the load-bearing capacity is going down steadily and finally reach to collapse. Therefore, building regulation requires fire resistance according to building occupation, scales. The fire resistance can be evaluated two categories. One is prescriptive method that is based on building regulation, specification and so on and the other is performance-based fire engineering method. The latter can be designed based on scientific and engineering consequences. The easiest evaluation way using the fire engineering design is comparing to the limiting temperature and maximum temperature calculated based on heat transfer theory. If the limiting temperature of a column exceeds the maximum temperature of it, the column can carry the load during the fire. Therefore, the database of limiting temperature is very essential for evaluation of column. In this paper, to build the database of column made of rectangular hollow sections 8 fire tests with loading were conducted and the relation between the limiting temperature and the applied loads showed in reverse proportion.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.138-151
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• 2004

In this paper, a constant frequency phase shifting PWM-controlled voltage source full bridge-type series load resonant high-frequency inverter using the $4^{th}$ generation IGBT power modules is presented for innovative consumer electromagnetic induction heating applications, such as a hot water producer, steamer and super heated steamer. The bridge arm side link passive capacitive snubbers in parallel with each power semiconductor device and AC load side linked active edge inductive snubber-assisted series load resonant tank soft switching inverter with a constant frequency phase shifted PWM control scheme is evaluated and discussed on the basis of the simulation and experimental results. It is proved from a practical point of view that the series load resonant and edge resonant hybrid high-frequency inverter topology, what is called, DE class type, including the variable-power variable-frequency regulation function can expand zero voltage soft switching commutation area even under low output power setting ranges, which is more suitable and acceptable for newly developed induction heated dual pack fluid heaters. Furthermore, even the lower output power regulation mode of this high-frequency load resonant tank inverter circuit is verified so that this inverter can achieve ZVS with the aid of the single auxiliary inductor snubber.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1209-1217
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• 2016

This paper presents a novel charge pump scheme that combines the advantages of Fibonacci and Dickson charge pumps to obtain 30 V voltage for display driver integrated circuit application. This design only requires four external capacitors, which is suitable for a small-package application, such as smart card displays. High-amplitude (<6.6 V) clocks are produced to enhance the gate drive of a Dickson charge pump and improve the system's current drivability by using a voltage-doubler charge pump with a pulse skip regulator. This regulation engages many middle-voltage devices, and approximately 30% of chip size is saved. Further optimization of flying capacitors tends to decrease the total chip size by 2.1%. A precise and simple model for a one-stage Fibonacci charge pump with current load is also proposed for further efficiency optimization. In a practical design, its voltage error is within 0.12% for 1 mA of current load, and it maintains a 2.83% error even for 10 mA of current load. This charge pump is fabricated through a 0.11 μm 1.5 V/6 V/32 V process, and two regulators, namely, a pulse skip one and a linear one, are operated to maintain the output of the charge pump at 30 V. The performances of the two regulators in terms of ripple, efficiency, line regulation, and load regulation are investigated.

• 전기의세계
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.8-17
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• 1965

Firstly, this study has analyzed the following factors affecting the optimum specifications and design of distributive transformers: 1. Facilities installation cost per unit power output. 2. Facilities operating & maintenance cost per unit power output. 3. Production cost per unit power output. 4. Load factor. 5. Loss factor. Secondly, it has clarified the relations between the following factors and the specifications and design of distributive transformers; 1. No-load loss., 2. Load loss., 3. Voltage regulation., 4. Exciting current. Finally, it has determined the method of the most economic design for the transformers using the above factors and relations, and, for optimum the illustrative purpose, suggested their optimum specifications, way of evaluation, and merits by means of typical example.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.480-482
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• 2005

In this paper, utilization of load duration curves is presented for analyzing the effect of load power factor and determining the value of load power factor effectively. In addition, the power factor sensitivity of generation cost and integrated costs including voltage variation penalty cost are used for determining the value of the load power factor from the point of view of voltage regulation and economic investment. It is shown through the application to the KEPCO power system that the load power factor can be enhanced effectively and appropriately using the load duration curve.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2005년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.774-777
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• 2005

In this paper, a constant frequency phase shifting PWM controlled voltage source full bridge-type series load resonant high-frequency inverter using the IGBT power modules is presented for innovative consumer electromagnetic induction heating applications such as a hot water producer, steamer and super heated steamer. The full bridge arm side link passive quasi-resonant capacitor snubbers in parallel with the each power semiconductor device and high frequency AC load side linked active edge inductive snubber-assisted series load resonant tank soft switching inverter with a constant frequency phase shifted PWM control scheme is discussed and evaluated on the basis of the simulation and experimental results. It is proved from a practical point of view that the series load resonant and edge resonant hybrid high-frequency soft switching PWM inverter topology, what is called class DE type. including the variable-power variable-frequency(VPVF) regulation function can expand zero voltage soft switching commutation range even under low output power setting ranges, which is more suitable and acceptable for induction heated dual packs fluid heater developed newly for consumer power utilizations. Furthermore, even in the lower output power regulation mode of this high-frequency load resonant tank high frequency inverter circuit it is verified that this inverter can achieve ZVS with the aid of the single auxiliary inductor snubber.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권9호
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• pp.1309-1316
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• 2017

As penetration level of Distributed Generations (DGs) on weak distribution networks gets higher, voltage rise problem can often occur due to reverse power which is not expected in conventional distribution networks. It, however, cannot be effectively solved by using conventional voltage regulating devices such as On-Load Tap Changers (OLTCs), Step Voltage Regulators (SVRs) because those do not consider the presence of DGs when determining relevant setting parameter for voltage regulation. This paper presents a scheme for voltage regulation using coordinated control between OLTC and DGs which can actively participate in the regulation. The scheme decides which device should be operated first based on the characteristics of regulating devices, in order to prevent unnecessary operation of output changes of DG and excessive tap changing operation of OLTC. Computer simulations considering daily irradiation of PV and load curve are performed by using MATLAB Simulink and performance comparison between the presented scheme and conventional ones is also made. It can be concluded from simulation results that the scheme presented is very effective to regulate voltages in distribution networks with multiple DGs.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2014

일반적인 천연가스 정압기지에서는 압력제어밸브를 이용하여 고압으로 수송되는 천연가스를 감압하여 내보낸다. 이 과정에서 버려지는 폐압에너지는 터보팽창기를 도입하여 추가적인 전력생산이 가능하나 터보팽창기를 통과하는 유체에서는 감압에 의한 Joule Thompson 효과에 의하여 온도가 급격히 떨어져 파이프라인 외부에 동결을 일으키거나 파이프라인 내부에 메탄하이드레이트와 같은 고체 물질이 형성될 위험이 있다. 현재 터보팽창기를 채용한 천연가스 정압기지에서는 냉열발생에 따른 부작용을 방지하기 위하여 터보팽창기의 전단에 보일러를 설치하여 팽창 전 천연가스를 예열하고 있다. 용융탄산염연료전지와 같은 고온 연료전지는 천연가스를 연료로 사용할 수 있고 친환경적인 고온 배출가스를 방출하며 동시에 추가적인 전력을 생산하여 시스템의 효율을 높일 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 천연가스 정압기지에 용융탄산염연료전지와 터보팽창기를 설치하여 얻을 수 있는 열역학적 이득에 대해서 연구하였다. 연료전지를 기저부하로 사용함에 따라서 얻을 수 있는 이익에 대하여 분석하였다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2002년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.285-288
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• 2002

This paper presents external load disturbance compensation that used to deadbeat load torque observer and regulation of the compensation gain by parameter estimator As a result, the response of PMSM follows that of the nominal plant. The load torque compensation method is compose of a deadbeat observer To reduce of the noise effect, the post-filter, which is implemented by MA process, is adopted. The parameter compensator with RLSM(recursive least square method) parameter estimator is suggested to increase the performance of the load torque observer and main controller The proposed estimator is combined with a high performance load torque observer to resolve the problems. As a result, the proposed control system becomes a robust and precise system against the load torque and the parameter variation. A stability and usefulness, through the verified computer simulation, are shown in this paper.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1046-1055
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• 2016

A controller to mitigate the destabilizing effect of constant power load (CPL) is proposed for a DC/DC buck-boost converter. The load profile has been considered to be predominantly of CPL type. The negative incremental resistance of the CPL tends to destabilize the feeder system, which may be an input filter or another DC/DC converter. The proposed sliding mode controller aims to ensure system stability under the dominance of CPL. The effectiveness of the controller has been validated through real-time simulation studies and experiments under various operating conditions. The controller has been demonstrated to be robust with respect to variations in supply voltage and load and capable of mitigating instabilities induced by CPL. Furthermore, the controller has been validated using all possible load profiles, which may arise in modern-day DC-distributed power systems.