• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2014

전개형 우주 구조물의 구속 및 분리를 위해 일반적으로 적용되는 폭발식 분리장치의 경우, 극초소형 위성으로 분류되는 큐브위성에는 적용불가가 설계요구조건으로 규정되어있다. 큐브위성의 제한된 장착 공간과 이로 인한 저충격 요구조건, 저가의 개발비 등의 요구조건으로부터 일반적으로 적용이 용이한 나일론선 열선절단방식이 적용되고 있다. 하지만 나일론선 적용에 따른 낮은 체결력과 복수 구조물의 구속/분리를 위해 복수의 체결부와 열선을 필요로 하는 등 시스템 복잡화 및 신뢰도 저하의 문제점이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 상기의 문제점 해결을 위해 힌지 구동형 분리너트를 적용한 구속분리장치를 제안하였으며, 인증시험 온도범위에서의 분리장치 동작 기능시험, 정하중 시험, 충격레벨 측정시험을 통해 설계의 유효성을 입증하였다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 DGS(Defected Ground Structure)에 대한 새로운 등가 회로를 제안하였으며, 이를 IMT-2000용 AB급 대전력 증폭기 설계에 적용하여 증폭기의 성능을 향상시켰다. 새로운 DGS 등가 회로는 병렬의 LC 공진기와 병렬 형태의 캐패시턴스로 구성되어 금속 접지면에 에칭된 결함으로 인한 프린징(fringing) 효과를 반영하도록 하였으며, 전력 증폭기 출 단 정합 회로를 최적화하기 위하여 사용되었다. 이전의 논문에서도 하모닉 성분의 억제와 증폭기의 효율 개선을 위하여 DGS를 사용하였으나 DGS 등가 회로의 해석은 없었으며(1), 본 논문에서는 이를 개선하여 회로 시뮬레이션을 통한 정한 DGS의 등가 회로를 AB급 증폭기의 출력 단 정합회로에 적용함으로써 성능 향상과 함께 증폭기 제작 후에 튜닝이 거의 필요없는 정확한 설계 방법을 제시하였다. 이와 같이 제안된 전력 증폭기의 설계 방법은 정확한 설계 결과를 제공함으로써 최적 부하 조건과 하모닉 성분의 제거 성능을 동시에 만족시킬 수 있었다. 제안된 방법의 효과를 입증하기 위하여 DGS를 적용한 기존의 방법과 새로이 제안된 방법을 사용하여 20W급의 전력 증폭기를 설계 및 제작하였으며, 그 측정 결과를 비교하였다.

• Composites Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.58-67
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 구조의 건전성을 실시간으로 모니터링하기 위해 변형률 및 파손을 동시에 감지할 수 있는 두 가지 형태의 광섬유 센서 시스템을 제안하였다. 구성된 광섬유 센서 시스템은 파손신호 취득에 사용되는 단파장 광원의 형태에 따라 EDFA에 FBG 사용한 것과 Fabry-Perot 필터를 사용한 것으로 나뉘며 EFPI센서를 통해 복합재 시편의 인장실험을 모니터링 하는데 적용되었다. 먼저, 복합재의 초기파손모드에 해당하는 모재균열 신호의 특징을 알기 위해 압전세라믹 센서를 이용하여 시편의 두께와 폭의 변화에 따른 신호특성을 파악하였다. 정량적 파손신호의 특성 분석을 위해 STFT와 Wavelet Transform과 같은 시간 주파수 변환방법을 사용하였으며, 시편의 형상변화에 따라 모재균열 신호의 주파수영역 특성이 변화함을 확인하였다 광섬유 센서로 취득 된 파손신호 및 변형률 측정값을 각각 압전세라믹 센서와 변형률게이지의 결과 값과 서로 비교하였다. 광섬유 센서 시스템들을 이용한 장시간동안의 인장실험 결과 변형률의 값은 변형률게이지의 측정값과 잘 일치하였으며 파손감지 시스템 또한 미세한 파손신호까지 민감하게 감지해 낼 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.1003-1009
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• 2008

In this study, liquid phase sintered SiC (LPS-SiC) materials were made by hot pressing method. The particle size of nano-SiC powder was 30nm. Alumina ($Al_2O_3$), yttria ($Y_2O_3$) and silica ($SiO_2$) were used for sintering additives. To investigate effects of $SiO_2$, ratios of $SiO_2$ contents were changed by five kinds. Materials have been sintered for 1 hour at $1760^{\circ}C$, $1780^{\circ}C$ and $1800^{\circ}C$ under the pressure of 20MPa. The system of sintering additives which affects a property of sintering as well as the influence depending on compositions of sintering additives were investigated by measurement of density, mechanical properties such as flexural strength, vickers hardness and sliding wear resistance were investigated to make sure of the optimum condition which is about matrix of $SiC_f$/SiC composites. The abrasion test condition apply to load of 20N at 100RPM for 20min. Sintered density, flexural strength of fabricated LPS-SiC increased with increasing the sintering temperature. And in case of LPS-SiC with low $SiO_2$, sliding wear resistance has very excellent. Monolithic SiC $1800^{\circ}C$ sintering temperatures and 3wt% have excellent wear resistance.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.281-287
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• 1984

In search for a method of evaluating the cardiopulmonary function. 74 male and 33 female volunteers ages $18{\sim}25$ were subjected to this study The subjects walked on a treadmill at speed of 2,4,6 and 8km/hr with 0,5,10,15,20 and 25% grade of inclination, respectively, for a measurement of heart rate and oxygen-pulse. Heart rate was measured every 5 seconds at resting state and during walking by telemetric method using Heart Checker 108 System (Senoh Co., Japan). Oxygen concentration was measured by Douglas bag method collecting expired air for 5 minutes at rest, and for 2 minutes at the end of each walking exercise. Oxygen concentration in an expired air was analyzed with Orzat gas analyser and expressed in terms of STPD. Oxygen-pulse was defined as an amount of oxygen consumed at every heart at a cellular level. The followings were the results obtained from this study. 1. Mean values of oxygen-pulse at resting state was $3.1{\pm}0.11ml/beat$ in male and $2.5{\pm}0.87ml/beat$ in female, respectively. 2. Mean values of oxygen-pulse during treadmill walking were increased in proportion with the load of exercise, namely, the speed and grade of inclination, from minimum of 7.1ml/beat upto maximum of 18.2ml/beat in male and from minimum of 4.2ml/beat upto maximum of 12,7ml/beat in female. 3. Both linear and logarithmic regressional relationships between oxygen-pulse and speed of walking and grade of inclination were observed in both sexes. Predicted values of oxygen-pulse by logarithmic regressional formula on speed and on grade of inclination were better coincided with the measured values than those predicted by the linear regressional formula.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.9-12
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• 2012

Usually, the AC loss from the superconducting element of an SFCL due to the load current is very small because it is composed of the combination of bifilar windings with very small reactance. Although the AC loss is small enough, we should be albe to predict for the design and control of the cryogenic system. In fact, an SFCL for the transmission voltage class may not generate ignorable AC loss because of the inevitable space between the HTS wires for the high voltage insulation and cryogenic efficiency. To measure the AC loss dependency on the space between the 2G HTS wires with the width of 4.4 mm, we prepared an experimental setup which could adjust the distance between the wires. We used two 500-mm length HTS wires in parallel and applied the current in the opposite direction for each wire to simulate a part of a current limiting module for a high voltage SFCL. We also put two couples of voltage taps at the ends of each wire and a cancel coil in the voltage measurement circuit to compensate the reactive component from the voltage taps. In this condition, we varied the distance between the wires to investigate the change of the transport current loss. A similar experimental study with HTS wire with the width of 12 mm is now in progress.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2017

Background: The wall squat is considered an effective exercise because it can reduce the knee load and prevent excessive lumbar movement. However, the relationship between wall squat performance and strength of knee extensors and hip extensors remained unclear. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the strengths of the knee extensors and hip extensors between groups with low and high wall squat performance. Method: Nineteen males (low performance group: 9 subjects, high performance group: 10 subjects) participated in this study and performed wall squats. The subjects who were performing less than 30% of the average wall squat count were classified into the low wall squat performance group (less than or equal to 4 times) and the subjects who performed more than 30% of the average wall squat count were classified into the high wall squat performance group (greater than or equal to 8 times). Knee extensor and hip extensor strength were measured with a strength measurement system. An independent t-test was used to compare the strengths of the knee extensors and hip extensors between the groups with low and high wall squat performance. Results: The ratios of knee extensor and hip extensor strength to bodyweight were greater in the high wall squat performance group than in the low wall squat performance group (knee extensors: p<.001; hip extensors: p=.03). In the high- and low-performance groups, the ratios of knee extensor strength to bodyweight were $42.74{\pm}5.72$ and $30.76{\pm}8.54$, respectively, and the ratios of hip extensor strength to bodyweight were $31.95{\pm}10.61$ and $20.66{\pm}11.25$, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that knee extensor and hip extensor strength are needed for high wall squat performance. Thus, exercise to increase the knee and hip extensors strength can be recommended to improve squat performance.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2000

측정데이타를 유한요소모델과 같은 해석적모델과 결합하여 시스템규명기법(S.I.)을 적용하는데는 많은 문제점이 수반되며 그중 주요한 요인은 해석적모델과 실측데이타간의 자유도수의 차이이다. 일반적으로 해석적모델은 많은 수의 자유도를 지니는 반면 현장에서 측정할 수 있는 자유도는 매우 제한되어 이들을 결합하는데는 많은 문제점이 발생하고 또한 회전자유도의 경우에는 매우 측정하기 힘든 현실적 문제를 야기하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 해결하기 위하여 센서를 설치하기 용이한 부분의 실측데이타와 구조계의 해석적모델을 결합하여 측정하지 못한 구조계의 동적응답을 추정하는 상태추정기법을 주파수영역에서 제시하였다. 이동하중을 받는 보의 동적거동에 대하여 부분적 변위데이타로부터 보의 중앙점에서의 동적변위 및 회전변위를 예측하는 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 제시된 방법의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제74권2호
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• pp.157-173
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• 2020

In the finite element modelling of long-span cable-stayed bridges, there are a lot of uncertainties brought about by the complex structural configuration, material behaviour, boundary conditions, structural connections, etc. In order to reduce the discrepancies between the theoretical finite element model and the actual static and dynamic behaviour, updating is indispensable after establishment of the finite element model to provide a reliable baseline version for further analysis. Traditional sensitivity-based updating methods cannot support updating based on static and dynamic measurement data at the same time. The finite element model is required in every optimization iteration which limits the efficiency greatly. A convenient but accurate Kriging surrogate model for updating of the finite element model of cable-stayed bridge is proposed. First, a simple cable-stayed bridge is used to verify the method and the updating results of Kriging model are compared with those using the response surface model. Results show that Kriging model has higher accuracy than the response surface model. Then the method is utilized to update the model of a long-span cable-stayed bridge in Hong Kong. The natural frequencies are extracted using various methods from the ambient data collected by the Wind and Structural Health Monitoring System installed on the bridge. The maximum deflection records at two specific locations in the load test form the updating objective function. Finally, the fatigue lives of the structure at two cross sections are calculated with the finite element models before and after updating considering the mean stress effect. Results are compared with those calculated from the strain gauge data for verification.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.29-30
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• 2001

This paper presents some results of plasma nitriding on hard chromium deposit. The substrates were C45 steel and $30~50{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ of chromium deposit by electroplating was formed. Plasma nitriding was carried out in a plasma nitriding system with $95NH_3{\;}+{\;}SCH_4$ atmosphere at the pressure about 600 Pa and different temperature from $450^{\circ}C{\;}to{\;}720^{\circ}C$ for various time. Optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to evaluate the characteristics of surface nitride layer formed by nitrogen diffusion from plasma atmosphere inward iCr coating and interface carbide layer formed by carbon diffusion from substrate outward Cr coating. The microhardness was measured using microhareness tester at the load of 100 gf. Corrosion resistance was evaluated using the potentiodynamic measurement in 3.5% NaG solution. A saturated calomel electrode (SiCE) was used as the reference electrode. Fig.1 shows the typical microstructures of top surface and cross-section for nitrided and unnitrided samples. Aaer plasma nitriding a sandwich structure was formed consisting of surface nitride layer, center chromium layer and interface carbide layer. The thickness of nitride and carbide layers was increased with the increase of processing temperature and time. Hardness reached about 1000Hv after nitriding while 900Hv for unnitrided hard chromium deposit. X-ray diffraction indicated that surface nitrided layer was a mixture of $Cr_2N$ and CrN at low temperature and erN at high temperature (Fig.2). Anodic polarization curves showed that plasma nitriding can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of chromium e1ectrodeposit. After plasma nitriding, the corrosion potential moved to noble direction and passive current density was lower by 1 to 4 orders of magnitude compared with chromium deposit(Fig.3).