• 환경기술인
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• 통권167호
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• pp.50-53
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• 2000

The Wastewater from livestock farms shows the high organic concentration which was over 3,000mg/L of BOD concentrationin swine wastewater especially. Also the nitrogen concentration and red tide phenomena with phosphorous. Most of the livestock facilities

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.359-370
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• 2015

This study developed an up-flow wetland providing either an eco-friendly follow-up process of medium-sized public treatment facility for livestock manure or a non-point source pollution controller near livestock farms. The four bench-scale up-flow wetlands were operated with four different bed media sets. The removal efficiencies of the wetland effluent for CODCr, TN, TP, SS were 35.2 %, 29.5 %, 31.2 % and 52.2 % for set 1(Blank, without reed, with bio-ceramic), 40.6 %, 43.4 %, 42.2 % and 55.4 % for set 2(with bio-reed & without bio-ceramic), 45.2 %, 48.7 %, 46.6 % and 66.3 % for set 3(with bio-reed & bio-ceramic), 32.9 %, 27.3 %, 29.3 % and 54.1 % for Set 4(with reed & bio ceramic), respectively. The set 3 condition having a mixture of bio-reed and bio-ceramic showed the highest efficiency in the bench-scale evaluation. This study suggests a mixture of bio-reed and bio-ceramic as suitable bed media in the construction of artificial wetlands near livestock farms. Soils including the bed media were monitored during the evaluation for trace elements. Soil analysis results were satisfied with the Korean Soil Contamination Standard. This study showed that the up-flow constructed wetland was feasible to treat the effluent livestock wastewater treatment facility.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.90-95
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• 1996

This study was performed to calculate the degration rate coefficient, operating parameters to meet the effluent standards, and the temperature adjustment coefficients to each parameter of pollution by seasonal variation of concentration and temperature of influent in livestock wastewater treatment by sequencing batch reactor process in field scale. The followings are the conclusions that were derived from this study. 1. In the field, temperature of livestock wastewater in reactor was 20.3$\circ$C in summer and 6.0$\circ$C in winter. The ratio of BOD:TKN: T-P in influent was 100:80:7. BOD loadings in winter and spring were 0.26 and 0.43 kg $BOD/m^3$ day, respectively. Those in summer and fall were 0.25 and 0.13 kg $BOD/m^3$ day, respectively. 2. The degradation rate coefficient for TKN was larger in summer and fall in which temperature was high than that in which temperature was high than that in winter and spring in which concentration was high. On the contrary, the phosphorus uptake rate was larger in winter and spring than that in summer and fall. 3. The hydraulic retention time in winter and spring was longer than that in summer and fall. Especially, in order to meet the standard for TKN of 120 mg/l in winter in which temperature of wastewater was 6.0$\circ$C, as the MLSS concentration was increased from 4, 000 to 7, 000 mg/l, the hydraulic retention time was increased from 212 to 121 hours. But, in order to shorten that less than 121 hours for the economical wastewater treatment, countermeasure to increase temperature of wastewater in the reactor should be considered. 4. the temperature adjustment coefficients for BOD, $COD_{Mn}$, TKN and T-P were 1.0241, 1.0225, 1.0541 and 1.0495, respectively. Namely, the treatment of TKN was most sensitively affected by temperature. For the purpose of the effective removal of nitrogen and phosphorus which are sensitive to temperature, it is necessary to keep the temperature of livestock wastewater more than 20$\circ$C which is the temperature of it in summer.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 오존을 이용하여 축산폐수를 전처리하고 일반하수와 연계하여 처리하였을 때 처리효율을 실험실 규모의 장치를 이용하여 비교 분석하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 축산폐수의 오존산화 결과 대상폐수의 pH를 산성(pH4), 중성(pH7), 알칼리성(pH10)으로 변화시켰을 때 각각 COD제거율은 시간당 17%, 78%, 62% 로 분석되었다. 오존산화에 의해 NBDCOD 중 일부가 미생물이 분해가능한 BDCOD 로 전환되어 SCODcr/TCODcr 비는 26%에서 약 38%로 증가하였다. 따라서, 오존산화에 의한 축산폐수의 전처리는 난분해성 물질을 생물학적 분해 가능한 물질로 일부 전환시키며 후단 생물학적 처리 단계에서의 제거효율을 높일 수 있는 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 오존산화처리된 축산폐수와 하수와의 연계유입수를 MLE(Modified Ludzack-Ettinger) 공정으로 처리한 결과, 내부반송 100%일 때 TCODcr 93.8%, T-N 74.3%, T-P 89.7%, SS 97.5%의 처리효율을 나타냈다. 또한 내부반송율을 150%로 증가시켰을 때 처리효율은 각각 94.5%, 54.5%, 70.8%, 98.5% 로 나타났고, 200%로 증가시켰을 때 처리효율은 각각 92.6%, 83.1%, 81.9%, 98.5% 로 나타났다. 연계유입수를 원수로 사용한 경우 특히 질소제거율은 내부반송율 100%, 150%, 200%에서 각각 74.3%, 54.5%, 83.1%로 나타났으며, 모든 경우에 있어 일반하수를 원수로 사용한 경우보다 질소제거율이 우수한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 환경생물
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.654-661
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• 2017

축산폐수에 기인한 오염 물질 저감을 위해 최근 축산폐수처리 후속공정으로 인공습지와 같은 자연친화적인 처리법이 제안되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 자연친화적 공법이 수생태독성 저감에도 효과적인지 알아보기 위해 다양한 공정의 인공습지를 제작하여 축산폐수 시료를 대상으로 처리 전후 오염저감율 및 물벼룩 급성 독성 변화를 분석하였다. 본 실험결과, 비록 갈대의 유무 및 종류, 그리고 여재의 종류에 따른 영향은 없으나 인공습지에 처리된 경우 유입수에 비해 TN, TP, COD 농도 저감과 더불어 생태독성 영향이 감소하였다. 따라서 일반 갈대는 물론 바이오갈대와 바이오여재를 사용한 인공습지는 축산폐수의 TN, TP, COD 저감은 물론 생태독성 감소에도 효과적인 공법으로 판단된다. 향후 가축분뇨 정화시설과 연계한 후속처리공정으로 적용하기 위해서는 다양한 성상의 축산폐수를 대상으로 처리효율과 생태독성시험이 연계된 통합평가가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1162-1167
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• 2005

축산폐수는 고농도의 난분해성 유기물질을 많이 함유하고 있기 때문에 처리하기가 매우 어려운 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 현장에 건설된 오존을 이용한 시스템인 DOF(Dissolved Ozone Flotation)와 PO2(Pressurized Ozone Oxidation)에 의한 축산폐수의 처리특성을 조사하였다. DOF-PO2의 유입수내에 존재하는 SS의 제거율은 94%를 상회하여 약 400 mg/L의 농도를 22 mg/L까지 낮출 수 있었다. $COD_{Mn}$의 제거율도 90%정도로 620 mg/L로 유입되어 63 mg/L로 유출되었다. $SCOD_{Cr}$은 890 mg/L 정도가 유입되었으며 82%가 제거되어 160 mg/L 정도로 유출되었다. UV-254흡광도는 96%제거 되었다. 특히 TP의 제거율은 98%가 넘었고 27 mg/L가 유입되어 0.35 mg/L만이 유출되었다. TN도 SS의 제거와 함께 68%정도 제거되었으나 오존에 의한 제거효과는 없었다. DOF-PO2시스템에 의한 고농도 오존산화공정을 미생물처리공정과 같이 적용할 경우 축산폐수처리공정의 방류수 수질기준을 맞출 수 있었다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2001

An intensive watershed survey including water quality measurement of 6 times was carried out in order to find out the relationship between pollutant load and water quality in a small stream watershed where livestock wastewater is the main source of water pollution. The findings from the survey are as follows. 1) The number of livestock showed large disagreement among county office, myon, and insite survey. It is vital to check the data at the beginning of watershed survey. 2) The fluctuation of streamflow and water quality was so large depending on the day of measurement that it is essential to set up continuous telemetering system to get reliable data about delivery ratio of pollutants. 3) It was helpful for setting the priority of investigation to check water quality and quantity at several points along the stream after dividing the watershed into 5 drainage areas. 4) To control the livestock wastewater, especially in case of cows, it is necessary to have roof system and prevent overland flow from the ground. In case of pig farms, it is recommended to have public treatment system instead of private treatment system. The exact emission load of livestock wastewater was difficult to estimate, and requires more study.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2008

The series of experiments under the various conditions were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of dissolved air flotation (DAF) as an alternative of conventional gravity sedimentation (CGS) and to investigate the decrease of the loadings following to biological wastewater treatment processes in livestock wastewater system. On the basis of the experiment result between CGS and DAF processes, for the other water quality criteria as well as suspended solid the removal efficiency of DAF process was about 20~25 % better than CGS process on average. In addition, the particle removal efficiency of DAF process became higher in proportion as the increase of air to solid (A/S) ratio and the general wastewater treatment efficiency of DAF process was enough to meet the requirement of loading decrease to following biological process even at low A/S ratio range. Though DAF process is widely known as an solid separation unit, there was not the notable relationship between particle separation efficiency and several pollutant removal efficiencies like $COD_{Cr}$ and nutrients (T-N, T-P). Assume that the $COD_{Cr}$ was removed as the fraction of particle separation in this experiment, the removal efficiency of T-N and T-P were sensitive to removal efficiency of $COD_{Cr}$, especially.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.674-681
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• 2009

Characteristics of organic matters (OM) in wastewater and the removal efficiencies were investigated using the influent and the effluent samples collected from 21 wastewater treatment plants. The OM characteristics investigated included biodegradability, humic content, specific UV absorbance (SUVA), the distribution percentage of refractory OM (R-OM), and synchronous fluorescence spectra. The types of wastewater (sewage, livestock waste/night soils, industrial waste) were easily distinguished by comparing the synchronous fluorescence spectra of the influent wastewater. The prominent peak of protein-like fluorescence (PLF) was observed for livestock waste/night soils whereas sewage exhibited a unique fluorescence peak at a wavelength of 370 nm. Irrespective of the wastewater types, the distribution percentage of R-OM increased from the influent to the effluent. Livestock waste/night soils showed the highest removal efficiency among all the three types of wastewater. There was no statistical difference of the removal efficiency between a traditional activated sludge and biological advanced treatment processes. Removal efficiency based on dissolved organic carbon DOC presented good correlations with the distribution percentage of R-OM and fulvic-like fluorescence (FLF) of the influent. The prediction for DOC removal efficiency was improved by using multiple regression analyses based on some selected OM characteristics and mixed liquid suspended solid (MLSS).

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2011

소규모 축산농가로부터 발생되는 축산폐수를 효과적으로 처리하기 위한 인공습지를 개발하기 위하여 인공습지에서 가장 중요한 인자 중 하나인 최적 여재의 선정에 관하여 연구하였다. 최적여재를 선정하기 위하여 여재를 왕사, 쇄석, 제올라이트 및 방해석으로 달리하여 충진한 후 각 여재별 축산폐수 처리효율 조사한 결과 COD 처리효율은 왕사가 다른 여재에 비하여 높았고, SS 처리효율은 모든 여재에서 94-95%로 큰 차이 없었다. 또한 T-N 처리효율은 제올라이트가 다른 여재에 비해 높았고, T-P 처리효율은 방해석이 다른여재에 비해 높았다. 이상의 결과에서 COD, SS, T-N 및 T-P 모두를 안정적으로 처리할 수 있는 최적여재는 왕사였다. 소형 축산폐수처리장치에서 질소와 인 처리효율을 극대화 하기 위해 호기성조 (왕사:쇄석:방해석=3:2:1)와 혐기성조 (왕사:쇄석:제올라이트=3:2:1)에 혼합여재를 주입한 결과 최적 여재인 왕사에 비해 질소 및 인처리효율이 각각 15% 및 7% 향상되었다.