• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.174-187
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• 2002

Objectives : This study was carried out to determine whether Kamihaengche-tang plus Yulanijihwang-tang (KCYH) exerts a protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury. Methods : Cell injury was estimated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) release, and lipid peroxidation was estimated by measuring malondialdehyde, a product of lipid peroxidation in rabbit liver slices. Results : Oxidants (tBHP and $H_2O_2$) increased dose-dependently LDH release which was significantly prevented by 1% KCYH. The protective effect of KCYH against oxidant-induced cell injury was dose-dependent in the range of 0.05-1 % concentrations. Similarly, KCYH inhibited oxidant-induced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. When liver tissues were exposed to Hg (0.5 mM), ALT activity in the medium and lipid peroxidation in tissues were markedly increased. These changes were prevented by 1% KCYH, KCYH restored toxicant-induced inhibition of cellular GSH content. KCYH increased the activities of catalase and glutathion peroxidase in oxidant-treated tissues. Conclusions : These results indicate that KCYH exerts a protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury, and this effect is attributed to prevention of lipid peroxidation. These effects may be due to an increase in concentration of endogenous antioxidants.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.464-471
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• 1998

This study was carried out to determine whether Kamihaengche-tang plus Yukmijihwang-tang (KCYH) exerts the protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury. Cell injurt was estimated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) release, and lipid peroxidation was estimated by measuring malondialdehyde, a product of lipid peroxidation in rabbit liver slices. $H_2O_2$increased LDH release which was significantly prevented by 1% KCYHT. The protective effect of KCYH against $H_2O_2$-induced cell injury was dose-dependent in the range of 0.05-1% concentrations. Similary, KCYH inhibited $H_2O_2$ induced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. When liver tissuse were exposed to Hg(0.5 mM), ALT activity in the medium and lipid erpoxidation in tissues were markedly increased. These changes were prevented by 1% KCYH. KCHY restored Hg-induced inhibition of cellular GSH content. These result indicate that KCYH exerts the protective effect oxidant-induced liver cell injury, and this effect is attributed to prevented to prevention of lipid peroxidation. These dffects may be due to an increase in concentration of endogenous antioxidants.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.485-496
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• 1989

This study was performed to investigate nutritional effect of various dietary fibers on lead absorption and metabolism of protein and lipid in growing rats. Forty eight male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 75.7$\pm$0.7g were blocked into six groups according to body weight and fed six kinds of diet different with fiber source(non-fiber, cellulose, pectin) and lead level(0%, 1% ) for 4 weeks. Results are summerized as follows: 1) Food intake, weight gain, FER and PER were remarkably decreased in lead(Pb) added groups, and FER and PER in Pb-added pectin group were significantly lower than those in Pb-added non-fiber group. 2) Weight of liver, kidney and epididymal fat pad, bone weight and length, hematocrit, and hemoglobin content were decreased in Pb-added groups. 3) Total protein content in serum was tended to be decreased in Pb-added groups, but total lipid and cholesterol contents in serum were not different with dietary Pb level and fiber source. 4) Nitrogen, lipid and cholesterol content in liver were tended to be deceased in Pb-added groups, and especially those of the Pb-added pectin group were the lowest among groups. 5) Daily urinary and fecal excretions of nitrogen, lipid and cholesterol were decreased in Pb-added groups. Especially fecal excretions of nitrogen, lipid and cholesterol in Pb-free groups were significantly increased by dietary cellulose and pectin. 6) Pb content in blood was significantly increased in Pb-added pectin group. There was no significant decrease in Pb contents of liver, kidney and tibia, and increase in excretion of Pb by feeding dietary fibers. In conculsion, dietary fibers had no effect on the absorption of Pb, and dietary pectin seemed to increase Pb poisoning by decreasing bioavailibility of protein, lipid and other nutrients in the diet.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2004

Panax ginseng occupies an important role in the folk medicine of China, Korea and Japan. The present study was undertaken to determine the radioprotective efficacy of ginseng root extract in the liver of Swiss albino mice. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Group I-Only vehicle was administered. Group II-The animals received 10 mg/kg body weight ginseng root extract i.p. for 4 consecutive days. Group III-Animals were irradiated with 8Gy gamma radiation at the dose rate of 1.69 Gy/min at the distance of 80 ems. Group IV-Animals were given by ginseng root extract (10 mg/kg body weight) continuously for 4 days and on 4th day they were irradiated with 8 Gy gamma radiation after 30 min. The animals from above groups were autopsied on 1,3,7,14 and 30 days. Biochemical estimations of phosphatases (acid ＆ alkaline), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), LPO (lipid peroxidation) and GSH (reduced glutathione) in liver and SGOT (serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase), SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase) and alkaline phosphatase in serum were done. In ginseng treated group acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), LPO and LDH in liver and SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase in serum did not show any significant alteration. However, a significant increase in GSH content in liver was recorded. In irradiated group there was a significant increase in ACP, ALP and LPO content in liver and SGOT ＆ SGPT in serum was noted. Whereas, a significant decrease was recorded in GSH and LDH activity in liver and alkaline phosphatase activity in serum. Pretreatment of ginseng with radiation significantly alters the biochemical parameters in liver and serum. A significant decline in ACP, ALP activity and LPO content in liver and SGOT and SGPT activity in serum was observed. However, a significant increase in GSH content and LDH activity in liver and ALP activity in serum was estimated. The present study suggests that pretreatment of ginseng before irradiation significantly protects the liver and maintains the enzyme activity.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.568-571
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Platycodi radix Saponin(PRS) on the reduction of lipid status in rats fed on high fat diet for 6 weeks after which lipid contents were measured in serum , liver and feces. The results obtained from this study are as follows : That the levels of total lipid, total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum and liver were significantly lower in the PRS group as compared with the control group. The contents of total lipid and total cholesterol excreted in the feces were tended to be slightly increase in PRS group compared to the control group, which were not significant.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.222-229
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the Platycodi radix powder (PRP) and Platycodi radix saponin(PRS) on the reduction of lipid status In rats fed on high fat diet for 6 weeks after which lipid contents were measured in liver. And also by carrying out the histological examination throughout light microscope to observe the effects of fat accumulation reduction. The results obtained from this study are as fellows. In the levels of total lipid in liver, PRS Group significantly decreased compared with Contred Group, but PRP Group was not significantly changed. The content of triglyceride was tended to be slightly decreased in the PRP and PRS groups compared to the control group, which was not significant. It was observed from photomicrographs of hepatic tissue in rats that the PRP and PRS groups inhibits the lipid accumulation induced by high fat diets.

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문요약집
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• pp.78-79
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• 2003

Effects of dietary lipid level and source (squid liver oil being rich in n-3 HUFA, soybean oil being rich in 18:2n-6, and linseed oil being rich in 18:3n-3) in fishmeal-based diet on growth and body composition of grower sunshine bass raised in seawater were investigated. Fifteen grower (an initial weight of 146.8$\pm$0.23 g) sunshine bass were randomly distributed into 27 of 250 L fiber reinforced plastic flow-through tanks. Fish were hand-fed to satiety twice daily for 6 days a week throughout the feeding trial. Survival was over 97% and not significantly affected by either dietary lipid level or lipid source (n-3 highly unusaturated fatty acid, HUFA). Weight gain of fish tended to improve with dietary n-3 HUFA level up to 2.9%, but sharply decreased at 3.5%. The best weight gain was obtained in fish fed the diet supplemented with 6% squid liver oil and 3% soybean oil. FER and PER were not significantly affected by either dietary lipid level or dietary lipid source. The lowest moisture content of the whole body was observed in fish fed the diet supplemented with 12% squid liver oil and highest for the diet supplemented with 9% linseed oil, respectively. Protein content of fish was not significantly affected by either dietary lipid level or dietary lipid source. However, lipid content of the whole fish tended to increase with an increase of either dietary lipid level or dietary n-3 HUFA level, except for fish fed the diet supplemented with 9% linseed oil. Ash content of fish fed the diet with no supplementation of oil was highest and lowest for the diet supplemented with 9% soybean oil, respectively. Significant differences in saturated fatty acids (16:0, 18:0 and 24:0), monoene (18:1n-9), 18:2n-6, 20:5n-3 and sum of n-3 HFUA of fish were observed. In considering these results, it could be concluded that supplementation of 9% oil combined with 6% squid liver oil and 3% soybean oil into fishmeal-based diet was the most recommendable for growth of grower sunshine bass raised in seawater.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1994

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary levels of vitamin A on the lipid composition in rats fed Zn-deficient diets. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 5 experimental diets for 7 weeks. Rats were fed Zn-and vitamin A-deficient diet or the same diets supplemented with various levels of vitamin. A liver total lipid, cholesterol and triglycerides contents tended to decrease in Zn-deficient rats, but the supplementation of excess vitamin A enhanced those contents. Plasma cholesterol content was significantly higher in feeding Zn-deficient and excess vitamin A diet. Plasma triglyceride and phospolipid contents were higher in Zn-deficient groups, but not influenced by dietary levels of vitamin. A . Plasma HDL-cholesterol content was not changed by Zn-deficient diets. Plasma alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly reduced in Zn-deficient groups. Zinc contents of plasma and liver were influenced by the dietary level of zinc, but not changed by supplementation of vitamin A.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.276-284
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether a dietary vitamin E (VE) supplement could alleviate any detrimental effects of aged corn on lipid metabolism and antioxidant status in laying hens. Methods: The experiment consisted of a 2×3 factorial design with two corn types (normal corn and aged corn (stored for 4 yr) and three concentrations of VE (0, 20, and 100 IU/kg). A total of 216 Lohmann laying hens (50 wk of age) were randomly allocated into six treatment diets for 12 wk. Each treatment had 6 replicates of 6 hens per replicate. Results: The results show that aged corn significantly decreased the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05), and reduced chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) mRNA expression (p<0.05) in the liver compared to controls. Diet with VE did not alter the content of crude fat and cholesterol (p>0.05), or acetyl-CoA carboxylase, lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid synthase or CMKLR1 mRNA expression (p>0.05) in the liver among treatment groups. Aged corn significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.05) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p<0.05) in the liver. The VE increased the content of MDA (p<0.05) but decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum (p<0.01) and in the ovaries (p<0.05). Adding VE at 20 and 100 IU/kg significantly increased GSH-Px activity (p<0.05) in liver and in serum (p<0.01), 100 IU/kg VE significantly increased SOD activity (p<0.05) in serum. Aged corn had no significant effects on GSH-Px mRNA or SOD mRNA expression (p<0.01) in the liver and ovaries. Addition of 100 IU/kg VE could significantly increase SOD mRNA expression (p<0.01) in the liver and ovary. Conclusion: Aged corn affected lipid metabolism and decreased the antioxidant function of laying hens. Dietary VE supplementation was unable to counteract the negative effects of aged corn on lipid metabolism. However, addition of 100 IU/kg VE prevented aged corninduced lipid peroxidation in the organs of laying hens.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.750-756
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• 1994

The effect of onion juice on ethanol -induced lipid peroxidation were studied were studied in rats. The contents of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) -reactants increased significantly in liver thanol(4ml/kg/day) administered -rats. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase increased by ethanol administration compared with control group, but alterations of antioxidant enzymes activities in liver of ethanol administered rats were not significant vs control group. The glutathione contents in liver decreased by ethanol , whereas the glutathione level increased in ethanol and onion juice group compared with ethanol group. The contents of hepatic TBA-reactants and serum aminotrasnferase activity in ethanol group were reduced by onion juice administration. In these results, increased hepatic TBA-reactants of liver in ethanol group might be due to decreased glutathione contents in liver. Reduced glutathione (GSH) plays an important roles in the liver in several detoxification and the reduction of lipid peroxides. So the protective effects of onion juice on ethanol-induced increment of TBA-reactants may be due to the increament of lgutathions content. The glutathione depletion by ethanol was an important factor of ethanol-induced cell damage, and the prevention of onion juice to the glutathione depletion reduced by ethanol may be an important factor on the protection from ethanol-induced lipid perpxidation in rats.