• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 1995

In the course of evaluation of hepatoprotective components against alcohol-induced toxicity from Aloe spp., the methanol extract was found to cause a significant inhibition of rat liver cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase activity. Systematic fractionation of active tractions monitored by bioassay led to isolation of four compounds; aloe-emodin, aloenin, ethylidene-aloenin and ${\beta}-sitosterol$, which were estimated as active principles for inhibition of c-ADH and c-ALDH activities in vitro.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.46-51
• /
• 1998

The effects of aloe on the MDA(malondialdehyde) and the blood biochemical components of heavy metal poisoning in SD rat were examined and the following results were obtained. In rat liver homogenate intoxicated with $CdCl_2$, lipidperoxide was increased each 2.37times(24h), 3.31times(72h) but lipidperoxide In aloe administration groups was lower each 47% , 64% than in heavy metal group. In rat kidney homo- genate intoxicated with $CdCl_2$, lipidperoxide was increased 1.85times(24h), 1.33times(72h) but lipidperoxide in groups was almost the same as that of normal group. Lipidperoxide of kidney homogenate was slightly decreased as time passed. Also heavy metal poisoning rats showed high levels(1.38-2.50times) of serum AST, ALT and BUN. However. the administration of aloe significantly inhibited the reduction of them. These results suggest that Cd-induced hepatic and renal injury, via increase llpidpero)Ode and release of AST, ALT and BUN. Aloe may be used to inhibit or prevent the hepatic and renal toxicity which results from the heavy metal.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.219-223
• /
• 2008

Refeeding syndrome is a life-threatening but treatable condition occurring in any patients with starvation. Electrolyte imbalance, especially hypophosphatemia and fluid shift result in metabolic changes in various systems. The authors reported a case of refeeding syndrome associated with prolonged starvation due to delusion and hallucination in a 38-year-old schizophrenia patient. Hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, edema and elevation of liver enzyme was occurred despite careful treatment. The symptoms were improved after consistent electrolyte supplement. Close observation and repetitive monitoring are important to prevent refeeding syndrome.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 2001

The antihepatic and hypolipidemic activities and total lipid levels of water extract of Plantaginis Herba, used for respiratory and renal disorder in folk medicine, were evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, i.ｐ.). Water extract of Plantaginis Herba recovered enzyme activities such as GOT, GPT, ALP and LDH increased by streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. This crude drug also suppressed the enhanced production of lipid in hyperglycemia. These results strongly suggest that Plantaginis Herba be a promising liver-protective and hypolipidemic agent.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.375.4-376
• /
• 2002

Acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is a key enzyme involved in triacylglycerol synthesis. Too much accumulation of triacylglycerol in certain organs and tissues of the body causes high risk conditions of fatty liver. obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. leading to serious diseases of atherosclerosis. Therefore, DGAT inhibition may be worthwhile strategy for the treatment of triglyceride metabolism disorders. such as obesity or hypertriglyceridemia. (omitted)

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.202-208
• /
• 2017

Xanthine Oxidase is an enzyme, which oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine, and xanthine to uric acid. It is widely distributed throughout various organs including the liver, gut, lungs, kidney, heart, brain and plasma. It is involved in gout pathogenesis. Hence, in the present study, Hologram based Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Study was performed on a series of Xanthine Oxidase antagonist named 2-(indol-5-yl) thiazole derivatives. The best HQSAR model was obtained using Atoms, Bonds, Connection, Hydrogen, Chirality and Donor Acceptor as fragment distinction parameter using hologram length 71 and 4 components with fragment size of minimum 2 and maximum 5. Significant cross-validated correlation coefficient ($q^2$= 0.563) and non cross-validated correlation coefficients ($r^2$= 0.967) were obtained. The model was then used to evaluate the six external test compounds and its $r^2{_{pred}}$ was found to be 0.798. Contribution map show that presence of propyl ring in indole thiazole makes big contributions for improving the biological activities of the compounds. We hope that our HQSAR model and analysis will be helpful for future design of xanthine oxidase antagonists.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.192-196
• /
• 2017

Xanthine Oxidase is an enzyme, which oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine, and xanthine to uric acid. It is widely distributed throughout various organs including the liver, gut, lungs, kidney, heart, brain and plasma. It is involved in gout pathogenesis. Hence, in the present study, topomer based Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (topomer CoMFA) was performed on a series of Xanthine oxidase antagonist named 2-(indol-5-yl) thiazole derivatives. The best topomer CoMFA model was obtained with significant cross-validated correlation coefficient ($q^2$ = 0.572) and non cross-validated correlation coefficients ($r^2$ = 0.937). The model was evaluated with six external test compounds and its $r^2{_{pred}}$ was found to be 0.553. The steric and electrostatic contribution map show that presence of bulky and electropositive group in indole thiazole ring is necessary for improving the biological activities of the compounds. The generated topomer CoMFA model could be helpful for future design of novel and structurally related xanthine oxidase antagonists.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.359-365
• /
• 2017

Two spaniel dogs were presented with a history of lethargy, weakness, refractory hypoglycemia, and episodic seizure. A pancreatic mass on the distal end of the left limb was identified through screening tests including dualphase CT angiography in each patient. Canine insulinoma was suspected with low blood glucose, low fructosamine, and normal to high serum insulin levels. Exploratory laparotomies were performed, and partial pancreatectomy using an ultrasonic-activated scalpel was achieved without enzyme leakage or fistula formation after surgery. The lesions were definitively diagnosed as insulinoma via histopathologic examination. One dog has been doing well until POD 870 with medication; in the other dog, diffuse hepatic nodules noted during surgery were confirmed as a liver metastasis. This dog died at POD 45. This case report addresses the utility of the ultrasonic scalpel in partial pancreatectomy for the treatment of canine insulinoma and differences in prognosis according to disease stage.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.439-442
• /
• 2006

To evaluate the postmortem changes in activities of oxygen free radical metabolizing enzymes, the rats were sacrificed with cervical dislocation and were kept in an incubator at $25^{\circ}C$, 70% of humidity for 12 hours. The activities of aniline hydroxylase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and superoxlde dismutase were decreased with the time. On the other hand, the activity and type conversion ratio (type D ${\to}$type O) of hepatic xanthine oxidase (XO) were gradually increased. From these changes of XO, the estimation of death time (mathematical equation) could be determined with the least square method. To clarify the cause of increasing XO activity, enzyme kinetics were examined. The Km values of XO were decreased with the time. In conclusion, the determination of liver XO activity might be used for the estimation of death time in the early postmortem period.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.33 no.4 s.131
• /
• pp.359-363
• /
• 2002

Antioxidant properties of the extracts of Acanthopanax senticosus were investigated. The dried roots, stems or leaves were extracted with hot water or ethanol each. The ethanol extracts exhibited higher potency than aqueous extracts in scavenging free radicals and in inhibiting microsomal lipid peroxidation: the aqueous extracts of stems showed higher anti-oxidant effects than the root extracts. Copper-mediated LDL oxidation was also protected by the ethanol exlracts: antioxidant effects of the extracts tested were stronger than ascorbic acid, but not butylated hydroxytoluene. The activity of angiotensin converting enzyme was effectively suppressed by the aqueous extracts of the stems. However, in vivo antioxidant properties of the ethanol extracts of the stems did not seem to be significant, judged from the lipid peroxide values of serum and liver in normal mice. Thus, the ethanol extracts of the stems were shown to be more potent for protecting biological systems against various oxidant stresses in vitro, but not in vivo.