• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.93-95
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• 1991

Alcoholic extract of the leaves of Andrographis paniculata Ness (=AAP) was obtained by cold maceration. A dose of 300 mg/kg $(1/6of\;LD_{50})$ of the extract was selected to study hepatoprotective action against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. The extract was found to be effective in preventing liver damage which was evident by morphological, biochemical and functional parameters.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.96-98
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• 1991

Alcoholic extract of the seeds of Vitex negundo Linn. was obtained by cold maceration. A dose of 250 mg/kg $(1/6\;of\;LD_{50})$ of the extract was selected to study the hepatoprotective action against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. The extract was found to be effective in preventing liver damage which was evident by morphological, biochemical and functional parameters.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.111-116
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• 2001

To investigate an effect of aging on the xylene metabolism in liver damaged animals, a study was conducted. 50% carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) in olive oil (0.1 ml/100 g body weight) was intraperitoneally given to 5-week and 12-week rats 12 times every other day and then one dose of 50% xylene in olive oil (0.25 ml/100 g body weight) was intraperitoneally given to the rats, and after 24 hr, the animals were sacrificed. On the basis of the functional findings in rat liver, ie, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase activity, liver protein and malonedialdehyde contents, 5-week rats showed less liver damage than 12-week rats. The increasing rate of urinary methylhippuric acid concentration to the control was significantly higher in 5-week rats than 12-week rats in case of xylene treatment after induction of liver damage. On the other hand, liver damaged 5-week rats showed significant rise of hepatic cytochrome P45O content compared with the liver damaged 12-week rats by the xylene treatment. And increasing rate of hepatic alcohol or aldehyde dehydrogenase activities to each liver damaged animals was higher tendency in 5-week rats than 12-week rats by the xylene treatment. In conclusion, 5-week rat showed greater metabolic rate of xylene than 10-week rats in case of liver injury because 5-week rats led to a slight liver damaged compared with 12-week rats.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.343-350
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• 2010

We measured the radiation exposure for 55 persons (male: 36, female: 19) who was diagnosed with kidney and ureter stones and received ESWL. The absorbed dose was measured at the organ which is expected to absorb relatively much radiation (kidney, bladder, liver). The radiation dose measurement voltage 80kVp, current of 5mA as a fixed model of the human body by using the Rando phantom with Radiophotoluminescent Glass Dosimeter. Absorbed dose was measured for two times (5 minute and 10 minute, each) and converted to effective dose. Mean number of treatment was 1.8 times (1~4) per patient was the mean time of radiation exposure533 seconds (248-2516). For the treatment of right renal stone, the effective dose of right kidney, left kidney, liver and bladder was 2.458mSv, 0.152mSv, 1.404 mSv and 0.019mSv, respectively. For the treatment of left renal stone, the effective dose of right kidney, left kidney, liver and bladder was 2.496mSv, 0.252mSv, 0.178 mSv, and 0.017mSv, respectively. For the treatment of distal ureter stone, the effective dose of right kidney, left kidney and bladder was 0.009mSv, 0.01mSv and 3.742mSv, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.233-239
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• 2016

Comparison of the dose aspect that radiation therapy treatments using IMRT, tomotherapy, mArc (modulated arc therapy). The experimental subject is non-small cell lung cancer patient. The prescription dose is 58.0 Gy to the volume of PTV(planning target volume). and spinal cord, esophagus, and liver organ is the normal organ(OAR, organ at risk). Average PTV value is 57.60 Gy in mArc and 61.04 Gy in tomotherapy and 58.95 Gy in IMRT. The average dose of the Esophagus is 2.84 Gy in m-Arc, 5.14 Gy in tomotherapy, 1.84 Gy in IMRT. The average dose of the Liver is 19.44 Gy in m-Arc, 12.22 Gy in tomotherapy, 21.97 Gy in IMRT. The average dose of the Spinal cord is 5.72 Gy in m-Arc, 7.08 Gy in tomotherapy, 6.15 Gy in IMRT. Results of this study is no significant difference between mArc and tomotherapy and Linac based IMRT in dose study and also, mArc's dose coverage and dose volume histogram is better than IMRT and tomotherapy. but, This study is limited to a disease of cancer. in addition, fewer number of groups. The wide range the more research can be developed patient-specific treatment techniques and be applied to the patients

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.339-342
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• 1993

This influence of dietary medium chain triglyceride on liver protein synthesis in chicks was investigated using a large dose injection of $L-[4-^3H]$ phenylalanine. Dietary medium chain triglyceride increased liver weight and liver fat content of chicks compared to the long chain triglyceride group. Fractional synthesis rate of liver protein was increased by dietary medium chain triglyceride, which was accounted for not by elevating protein synthesized per unit RNA but by enhancing RNA: protein ratio.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.74-78
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• 2007

The plants, Trianthema decandra and Glinus oppositifolius are commonly used by tribal people in India for the treatment of liver diseases. Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extracts of Glinus oppositifolius and Trianthema decandra at the dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight administered orally was evaluated against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. Biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, total serum protein, lipid peroxide and glutathione content of the liver were estimated to determine liver function and metabolism. From the biochemical observations, it was concluded that methanol extracts of Glinus oppositifolius and Trianthema decandra significantly restored the altered biochemical parameters towards normal condition in paracetamol induced liver damage.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3921-3924
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• 2013

Background: To investigate the role of surgical treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer, we compared the outcomes of chemoradiotheroy alone (CRT) to postoperative chemoradiotherapy (S/CRT), using, Regional Radiotherapy Center, database. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in North-West of Iran, included of 255 consecutive patients with esophageal cancer. Eligible operable and non-operable, were treated with S/CRT and CRT respectively. Radiotherapy (RT) was delivered at 1.8-2 Gy/day for five consecutive days in a given week. Chemotherapy (CT) consisted of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. Results: From March 2006 to March 2011 255 patients: male/female 129/96, median age 68 (35-90), squamous/adeno 213/12, received CRT/S+CRT 166/59, median radiation dose $45{\pm}13.6Gy$, Median survival 13.5 (11-15), overall survival (OS) One/Two/Three 57/21/16%, Died/alive 158/97, Univariate analysis prognostic factors: age/stag/differentiation/dose of RT/fraction/treatment, Multivariate analysis predictor factor: dose of RT/fraction. Conclusions: Although this treatment offers some possibility for improvement of patients with esophageal cancer, there remains a significant need for development of new drug and new therapeutic approaches that can substantially impact survival.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.394-402
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• 2015

To evaluate the benefits of Hyangsayangyi-tang aqueous extracts (HSYYT) on the propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced Rat hypothyroidism. 6 groups, each consisting 8 Rats were used in the present study - Intact vehicle control, PTU control, LT₄, HSYYT 500, 250 and 125 ㎎/㎏ treated groups. HSYYT was given, once day for 42 days from 2 weeks before start of PTU treatment as an oral dose of 500, 250 and 125 ㎎/㎏(body weight), and for 28 days while the PTU 10 ㎎/㎏ by daily subcutaneous treatment induced hypothyroidism. Compared the results with LT₄ 0.5 ㎎/㎏ intraperitoneally treated rats in this experiment. Results of the PTU treatment included; decreases of body weight, increase in thyroid weight, decrease in liver weight, in serum T₃, and T₄ level decrease with increase of serum TSH levels, in serum HDL increase and in TG content decrease, decrease in liver antioxidants defense system, increase of serum AST levels were observed. However, these PTU induced hypothyroidism and related hepatic damages were dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of HSYYT 500 and 250 ㎎/㎏, and they also effectively regulated the PTU-induced abnormal antioxidant defense system changes in liver. Therefore, in comparison with the PTU control group, it was effective and advantageous changes were not observed in HSYYT 125 ㎎/㎏ treated rats on the PTU induced hypothyroidism and related hepatic damages. In this experiment, HSYYT 500 and 250 ㎎/㎏ dose-dependently inhibited PTU-induced hypothyroidism and related liver damage in rats but not in HSYYT 125 ㎎/㎏.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.346-355
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was performed in order to investigate the anti-fibrogenic effect of Acer tegmentosum Maxim. on r at hepatic stellate cell line T6. Materials and Methods : Hepatic stellate Cells (T6) were treated with various concentrations of distilled water Acer teg mentosum Maxim. extract for 24, 48, 72 hours. After the treatment, cell viability, proliferation, procollagen levels, mRNA of AS MA, MMP-2, collagen type 1a2 and IL-6 production were measured using MTT assay, BrdU assay, RT-PCR, procollagen typ e 1 C-peptide EIA kit and murine IL-6 ELISA development kit. Results : Cell viability of HSC-T6 decreased significantly in both 24 hours and 48 hours groups in a dose-dependant man ner. Proliferation of HSC also decreased in the same way. In the RT-PCR, mRNA expression of collagen type 1a2 and ASMA decreased in the groups which were treated with Acer tegmentosum Maxim. for 24 hours. The production of procollagen tended to decrease in a dose-dependant manner in the 24 hours treated group. IL-6 production increased under Acer tegmentosum trea tment in a dose-dependant manner in both 24 and 48 hours groups. Conclusion : These results show the possibility that Acer tegmentosum Maxim. can be an effective remedy for liver fibrosi s and liver cirrhosis.