• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.73-76
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• 1974

A basic survey of Echinococcus infection in cattle slaughtered at seogipo abattoir, Jeju Island was carried out. The incidence of hydatid cyst was 0.4% in the native cattle, that is 4 heads out of 993 heads of the slaughtered cattle. The hydatid cysts with or without scolices were found in the liver and lung, and the speciation of them was determined as Echinococcus granulosus granulosus with the morphological and biological characters. The infection rates of bovine echinococcosis were as high as 6.8% to 27.5% from 1936 to 1940 in Jeju cattle, but it has been found greatly decreased to 0.4% in this survey. The main reason of decrease in the incidence was cleared with the fact that wild dogs were abundant at that times.

• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.7
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• pp.338-345
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• 2013

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting the 3'-untranslated region of multiple target genes. Pathogenesis results from defects in several gene sets; therefore, disease progression could be prevented using miRNAs targeting multiple genes. Moreover, recent studies suggest that miRNAs reflect the stage of the specific disease, such as carcinogenesis. Cystic diseases, including polycystic kidney disease, polycystic liver disease, pancreatic cystic disease, and ovarian cystic disease, have common processes of cyst formation in the specific organ. Specifically, epithelial cells initiate abnormal cell proliferation and apoptosis as a result of alterations to key genes. Cysts are caused by fluid accumulation in the lumen. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying cyst formation and progression remain unclear. This review aims to introduce the key miRNAs related to cyst formation, and we suggest that miRNAs could be useful biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in several cystic diseases.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.277-279
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• 2011

Hydatid cysts commonly affect the liver and the lung. However, they rarely involve bones with vertebral column. We hereby report a case of a female patient with cystic echinococcosis of the hip bone and ilium. She presented with a long history of frequent recurrences highlighting the dismal prognosis at this rare site. Resection of the hydatid cyst from the sacroiliac region was done with allograft and autograft (rib graft) with lumbosacroiliac fixation. Follow-up of the patient at 6 months showed no detectable abnormality on radiology and the patient was doing well.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.78-82
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• 2023

Edwardsiella (E) tarda belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and is a motile, gram-negative, rod-shaped, facultative anaerobe regarded as an opportunistic and food-borne pathogen in animals and humans. A 21-year-old male Eurasian brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) died suddenly without any preliminary signs. Necropsy performed according to standard protocol revealed swollen abdomen with hemorrhagic congestions of the gastroenteric organs, ascites, and hemorrhagic exudates around the mouth. The liver showed discoloration, along with a severely swollen and multiple hemorrhages of the spleen, an elongated gallbladder, and a congested cortex and medullar lesion of kidneys. The stomach contained semi-liquid exudates and undigested chicken exuding a decayed odor. The stomach membranes were dark-gray in color with several cysts in the fundus lesions. Rod-shaped bacteria were found in the major organs by Giemsa staining, identified as E. tarda using a biochemical rapid diagnostic identification kit.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2005

Choledochal cysts have been associated with complications such as cholangitis, pancreatitis, and malignancy of the biliary tract. Recently, the incidence of choledochal cyst in neonate and young infant is increasing due to advances in diagnostic imaging. The aim of this study is to investigate the rationale of excision of choledochal cyst during the neonatal period. The clinical outcome and correlation between age at surgery and the degree of liver fibrosis were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 198 patients with choledochal cyst who were managed surgically between January 1985 and December 2000 at the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital were included in this study. The overall outcome and the outcome of patients who were managed surgically during the neonatal period were compared. Correlation between age and the degree of liver fibrosis was evaluated by chi-square test and Pearson exact test. The mean age of the patients was 2 years 7 months (ranged from 5 days to 15 years). Mean postoperative follow-up period was 7 years 1 month (7 months to 20 years). The results are as follows. Twelve patients (6%) had postoperative complications, cholangitis (7), bleeding (4) and ileus (1). Eleven patients operated during the neonatal period had no postoperative complications. The positive correlation between age group and degree of liver fibrosis was statistically significant (chi-square: p=0.0165, Pearson exact test: p=0.019). The results support the rationale that excision of choledochal cyst can be performed safely without increasing morbidity in neonates.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.263-267
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• 2010

Although cerebellar hemangioblastomas are histopathologically benign, they yield a degree of malignant clinical behavior in long-term follow-up. We present two cases of long-term progression of renal cell carcinoma, which had been diagnosed as renal cysts during treatment for cerebellar hemangioblastoma. A 14-year-old male with von Hippel-Lindau disease was admitted for a cerebellar hemangioblastoma with multiple spinal hemangioblastomas and a renal cyst. After primary total resection of the cerebellar hemangioblastoma, the patient required two further surgeries after 111 and 209 months for a recurrent cerebellar hemangioblastoma. Furthermore, he underwent radical nephrectomy as his renal cyst had progressed to renal cell carcinoma 209 months after initial diagnosis. A 26-year-old male presented with multiple cerebellar hemangioblastomas associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease and accompanied by multiple spinal hemangioblastomas and multiple cystic lesions in the liver, kidney, and pancreas. He underwent primary resect'lon of the cerebellar hemangioblastoma in association with craniospinal radiation for multiple intracranial/spinal masses. Unexpectedly, a malignant glioma developed 83 months after discovery of the cerebellar hemangioblastoma. At the same time, renal cell carcinoma, which had developed from an initial renal cyst, was diagnosed, and a radical nephrectomy was performed. In the view of long term clinical course, cerebellar hemangioblastoma associated with von Hipple-Lindau disease may redevelop even after primary total resection. In addition, associated lesions such as renal cysts may also progress to malignancy after the passing of a sufficient length of time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.5
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• pp.1069-1082
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• 2020

Coverage by National Health Insurance (NHI) was expanded in the abdominal imaging area as follows: upper abdominal ultrasound on April 1, 2018, lower abdominal ultrasound on February 1, 2019, and abdominal MRI on November 1, 2019. Many patients can benefit from the expansion of NHI coverage. Newly included diseases for NHI coverage includes liver cirrhosis, gallbladder polyps, hepatic adenoma/dysplastic nodules, pancreatic cysts, autoimmune pancreatitis and bile duct stone disease. However, the expansion of coverage made each examination more complex, including indications, follow-up strategy, the number of examination per patients, the standard images to be acquired, and the standard forms of the radiological report. Therefore, more careful consideration is mandatory when an abdominal imaging examination is prescribed and conducted.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.853-858
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• 1998

A case of repeated bovine abortion caused by Neospora caninum is described. The 3-year-old Holstein cow, which was seropositive to N caninum antibody by indirect immunofluoresent assay, aborted consecutively within a 10-month period. Two fetuses of 6- or 5-month of gestation were aborted in June 1996 and March 1997, respectively. Histologically, multifocal necrotizing encephalitis, nonsuppurative periportal hepatitis, myocarditis, and myositis were observed in both fetuses. Tachyzoites or tissue cysts detected in the brain, heart and liver were positive to N caninum but negative to Toxoplasma gondii by immunohistochemical method. The results of our study demonstrate that repeated abortion due to N caninum actually occurs in Korea. This is believed to the first report of repeated abortion associated with N caninum in Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.429-431
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• 2017

Hydatid cyst is usually located in the liver and lungs, rare cases showing localization in other organs or tissues. In the unusual location, echinococcosis is an excluding diagnosis that is established only after microscopic evaluation. Our first case occurred in a 67-year-old female previously diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and hospitalized with persistent pain in the hip joint. The clinical diagnosis was tuberculosis of the joint, but the presence of the specific acellular membrane indicated a hydatid cyst of the synovial membrane, without bone involvement. Fewer than 25 cases of joint hydatidosis have been reported in literature to date. In the second case, the intramural hydatid cyst was incidentally discovered at autopsy, in the left heart ventricle of a 52-year-old male hospitalized for a fatal brain hemorrhage, as a result of rupture of an anterior communicating artery aneurysm. The conclusion of our paper is that echinococcosis should be taken into account for the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions, independently from their location.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1556-1562
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• 2010

This study examined the histopathologic and electron microscopic findings of aborted fetuses from pregnant dairy cows naturally infected with Neospora caninum (N. caninum) at four farms in Gongju city and Yeonki gun of Choongnam province. Systemic subcutaneous edema was observed in the aborted fetuses. The necropsy revealed considerable serosanguinous fluid in the body cavity of the aborted fetuses. Light microscopy showed the infiltration of many inflammatory cells consisting of macrophages, lymphocytes and mononuclear cells, accompanied by congestion, hemorrhage and necrosis of myocardiac cells and hepatocytes in the liver and heart of the aborted fetuses. In the liver, clusters of tachyzoites were formed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and the interstitial tissue. In the brain, many tissue cysts of various sizes were observed in the nerve cells and their adjacent areas. Tissue cysts had a round shape and contained a large amount of bradyzoite. In addition, there was diffuse gliosis accompanied by congestion and hemorrhage and focal necrosis in the brain. Infiltration of microglial cells were observed at the periphery of the focal necrosis and perivascular area in the brain. Electron microscopy showed that the tissue cyst wall had a thickness of approximately 1 ${\mu}m$ with an irregular shape. On the interior side, more than 100 bradyzoites with lengths of 2-5 ${\mu}m$ and widths of 1-2 ${\mu}m$ were observed. The nucleus of in the bradyzoites was located approximately 1-1.5 ${\mu}m$ anterior to the posterior tip of the zoite. In the cytoplasm between the nucleus and the posterior tip, there were many amylopectin granules, electron-dense small-sized and electron-thin large-sized round granules, homogeneously electron-dense rhoptries and micronemes oriented perpendicularly to the zoite pellicle. To summarize, tissue cysts were identified on electron microscopy from the aborted fetus from N. caninum seropositive pregnant cow by the ELISA. This led to the confirmed presence of N. caninum.