• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

As the interest on the air pollution is gradually rising up at home and abroad, automotive and fuel researchers have been working on the exhaust emission reduction from vehicles through a lot of approaches, which consist of new engine design, innovative after-treatment systems, using clean (eco-friendly alternative) fuels and fuel quality improvement. This research has brought forward various main issues : whether PM emissions should be regulated for diesel and gasoline vehicles and whether gasoline and LPG powered vehicles can be further neglected from PM emission inventories. Finally, the greenhouse gas regulation has been discussed including automotive emission regulation. The greenhouse gas and emissions of automotive had many problem that cause of ambient pollution, health effects. Based on various test modes and ambient conditions, this paper discusses the characteristics of LPG on exhaust emissions and greenhouse gases. Also, this paper assessed emission characteristics due to the test temperature. These test temperature were performed by dividing the temperature of the test mode and the lowest local temperature in winter. Through this study, the correlation of vehicle test mode and ambient condition, exhaust emission, greenhouse gas emission was analyzed.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.16-21
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• 2012

Biodiesel is technically competitive with or offers technical advantages over conventional petroleum diesel fuel. Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly alternative liquid fuel that can be used in any diesel engine without modification. In this study, to investigate the effect of fuel injection timing on the characteristics of performance with DBF in DI diesel engine. The engine was operated at five different fuel injection timings from BTDC $6^{\circ}$ to $14^{\circ}$ at $2^{\circ}$ intervals and four loads at engine speed of 1800rpm. As a result of experiments in a test engine, maximum cylinder pressure is increased with leading fuel injection timing. Specific fuel oil consumption is indicated the least value at BTDC $14^{\circ}$ of fuel injection timing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.45-46
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• 2015

Recently, the large amount of sulfur is globally generated by the development of the petroleum refining industry every year. In this study, without the use of the sulfur with a high melting point used in the previous studies, the modified sulfur mortar with addition of a melting point of about 65℃ were tested to determine their distribution and strength properties according to the mixing method and curing conditions. This study is a test to find out the Density, Absorption and Table Flow of the modified sulfur and general sulfur. As result, general industrial sulfur flow was lower, showed a high absorption rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.146-159
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• 2002

An efficient method to predict the convection heat transfer coefficients on the top surface of the engine piston is proposed. The method is based on the inverse method of the thermal conduction problem and uses a numerical optimization technique. In the method, the heat transfer coefficients are numerically obtained so that the difference between analyzed temperatures from the finite element method and measured temperatures is minimized. The method can be effectively used to analyze the temperature distribution of engine pistons in case when application of prescribed-temperature boundary condition is not reasonable because of insufficient number of measured temperatures. A hollow sphere problem with an analytic solution is taken as a simple example and accuracy and efficiency is demonstrated. The method is applied to a practical large liquid petroleum gas(LPG) engine piston and the heat transfer coefficients on the top surface of the piston is successfully calculated. Resulting analyzed temperature favorably coincides with measured temperature.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.239-245
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• 2004

It has been recognized that alternative fuels such as Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) show less polluting combustion characteristics than diesel fuel. Furthermore, engine performance is expected to be nearly equal to that of the diesel engine if direct-injection stratified-charge combustion of the LPG can be adopted in the spark-ignition engine. However, spray characteristics of LPG are quite different from those of diesel fuel. understanding the spray characteristics of LPG and evaporating processes are very important for developing efficient and low emission LPG engines optimized in fuel injection control and combustion processes. In this study, the LPG spray characteristics and evaporating processes were investigated using the Schlieren and Mie scattering optical system and single-hole injectors in a constant volume chamber. The results show that the mixture moves along the impingement wall that reproduced the piston bowl and reaches in ignition spark plug. LPG spray receives more influence of ambient pressure and temperature significantly than that of n-dodecane spray.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.381-388
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• 1995

The petrographic, geochemical, and physical properties of the Jangseong and Chinese coals were investigated. The most common mineral matters of Jangseong coal are kaolinite, muscovite, sericite, illite, quartz and pyrophyllite. Mineral matters in Chinese coal are mainly composed of quartz, calcite, dolomite and kaolinite. Jangseong coal ash has higher content of $Al_2O_3$, $K_2O$, $TiO_2$, As, Rb and V, and lower content of CaO, MgO, $Na_2O$, $Fe_2O_3$ and $P_2O_5$ than those of Chinese coal ash. The liquid limit and the plasticity index of Jangseong coal were compared with those of Chinese coal. The result shows that the briquetting ability of Jangseong coal is a little bit better than that of Chinese coal. The briquetting ability is found to be principally dependent on the type and the content of mineral matter in coal, especially clay mineral.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.235-238
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• 1990

Fatty acids, sterols and amino acids were confirmed from seeds of Acanthopanax senticosus for. inermis Harms. Fatty acids were isolated from petroleum ether extract and identified by gas liquid chromatography. Its composition was myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and behenic acid. The composition of sterols that isolated from n-hexane extract were determined by GC/MS. It was confirmed to be a mixture of ${\beta}-sitosterol$ and stigmasterol. And several kinds of amino acids-cysteic acid, threonine, serine, proline, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine, lysine and arginine-were confirmed from water fraction.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.326-331
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• 1979

압력배관에 대한 미국의 국가규준으로는 다음과 같은 것이 있다. Section 1. Power Piping ANSI B31.1 Section 2. Fuol Gas Piping ANSI B31.2 Section 3. Petroleum Refinery Piping ANSI B31.3 Section 4. Liquid Potroleum Transportation Piping ANSI B31.4 5. Section Refrigeration Piping ANSI 31.5 Section 6. Chemical Plant Piping ANSI B31.6 Section 7. Nuclear Power Piping ANSI B31.7 Section 8. Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems ANSI B31.8 이중에서 Power Piping ANSI B31.1은 1977년도에 공진청에서 제정한 "압력배관 기술 기준 (1) "의 기본이 되고 있다. 금반의 냉동배관 기술기준 제정에 있어서도 이것이 압력배관의 범주내에 포함되는 것이기 때문에 기준의 통일성을 기하기 위하여서는 압력 배관기술기준(1)에 준하여 ANSI B31.5 Refrigeration Piping을 기본으로 하여야 할 것으로 고려하였다. 현재 각국의 압력 배관에 대한 기술기준은 그 형식은 여하간에 기본적으로는 ANSI B31. 시리즈에 따르고 있고 또 이 규준이 국제적으로 인정 널리 시행되고 있으므로 본 냉동배관 기술기준도 ANSI B31.5에 따라 제정하는 것이 타당성이 있는 것으로 고려하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.266-274
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• 2008

The need for more fuel-efficient and lower-emission vehicles has driven the technical development of alternative fuels such as Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) which is able to meet the limits of better emission levels without many modifications to current engine design. LPG has a high vapor pressure and lower viscosity and surface tension than diesel and gasoline fuels. These different fuel characteristics make it difficult to apply it for the conventional gasoline or diesel fuel pump directly. In this study, experiments are performed to get performance and efficiency of the fuel pump at different condition as temperature, rotating speeds, composition of fuel. The characteristics of fuel pump is affected by cavitation due to the variation of temperature and composition.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.395-398
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• 2002

Bioremediation has been showing promise as an alternative to conventional environmental cleanup technologies. The objective of this study is to maximize the degradability of jet fuel in the soil system. The cells isolated from petroleum contaminated site was used for the degradation of jet fuel. When this strain was cultured in the MSM(minimal salt media) containing jet fuel for ten days, the degradability of jet fuel was almost 100%. The concentration of jet fuel did not affect the degradability much and the increased inoculution of strain and addition of nitrogen source decreased the time for complete degradation of jet fuel in the liquid culture. Inoculation of this strain increased the jet fuel degradability in the soil column by 15% and the aeration(50ml/min) and the addition of nutrients($NaNO_3$, $KH_2PO_4$) enhanced the jet fuel degradability(about 90%).