• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2016

This study was designed to investigate the antihyperlipidemic activity of Fermented Rhus Verniciflua Stokes Extract(FRVSE) on diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups of the normal group(fed with normal diet), control group(fed with high fat diet), sample A group(fed with high fat diet and medicated FRVSE 192 ㎎/㎏/day), sample B group(fed with high fat diet and medicated FRVSE 384 ㎎/㎏/day), and received oral administration of each prescription with diet for a period of six weeks. The changes in the body weight, the liver weight, the epididymal fat weight, and the plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol and low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol were measured. In sample A group, the weight of liver and plasma level of TG decreased significantly. There was a significant decrease in the plasma level of total cholesterol, TG and LDL cholesterol in the sample B group. These results suggest that the FRVSE have a good antihyperlipidemic activity and a potential to treat hyperlipidemia.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.526-534
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the effects of Opuntia ficus-indica complex (OF) on the lipid metabolism, bile acid in feces, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, aspatate aminotransferase (AST) activity, composition of urine and expression of cholesterol related mRNA in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into non-diabetic control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic OF of 2% (OF-2) and diabetic OF of 5% (OF-5), then each group was fed for 3 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were decreased significantly (p<0.05) in OF-5 group compared to DC, but high density lipoprotein (HDL) was not changed. AST and ALT were also reduced and bile acid excretion was improved. Composition of urine in OF-5 was almost same in NC. The expression of cholesterol $7{\alpha}$-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA-R), Low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) mRNA indicated that feeding OF have the effects of cholesterol decreation in plasma by synthesis of bile acid from cholesterol. These results provide experimental evidence about improved lipid metabolism of the OF feeding in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.58-62
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• 2019

Objective: The oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) gene plays an important role in the degradation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and adipocyte proliferation in mammals. For this reason, we aimed at investigating the association of OLR1 gene polymorphisms with carcass quality traits in Chinese Qinchuan cattle. Methods: The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was identified in the 3' untranslated region of bovine OLR1 gene by DNA sequencing. In addition, the haplotype frequency and linkage disequilibrium estimates of three SNPs were evaluated in 520 individuals. Results: Results indicated that the studied three SNPs were within the range of moderate genetic diversity (0.25< polymorphism information content<0.5). Haplotype analysis of three SNPs showed that ten different haplotypes were identified, but only five haplotypes were listed as those with a frequency of <0.05 were excluded. The Hap3 ($-G_1T_2C_3-$) had the highest haplotype frequency (42.10%). Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that the three SNPs had a low linkage ($r^2<0.001$). The T10588C and C10647T were significantly associated with backfat thickness and intramuscular fat content in Qinchuan cattle. Conclusion: Based on our results, we believe that the OLR1 gene could be a strong candidate gene for influencing carcass quality traits in Qinchuan cattle.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.927-938
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• 1998

Epidemiological studies have indicated that a relationship between overweight and cardiovascular disease exists. To assess the relationship of unfavorable changes in serum lipid concentrations, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein(a), blood sugar and blood pressure to anthropometric variables, nutrient intakes and dietary behavior,64 obese children were chosen as subjects and 24-hour dietary intake, dietary behavior as well as blood pressure, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein(a), three kinds of cholesterol concentrations were measured in November 1976. More than half(57.8%) of the children had serum cholesterol concentrations over 175mg/d1, and 26.6% of them had over 200mg/d1 and this group could be classified as a high risk group. Abdominal obesity as measured with waist circumference and waist hip ratio was negatively co..elated to high density lipop개tein(HDL) cholesterol. Dietary behavior rather than nutrient intakes appeared to have associations with unfavorable lipid profiles. Total dietary behavior scores and fish and bean product consumption had strong correlations with potentially atherogenic lipoprotein concentrations. This study suggests that fir the early prevention of cardiovascular disease, waist hip ratio together with obese rate should be included in selective programs to identify risk group of children in Korea. furthermore, interventions in cardiovascular disease risk groups in obese children should emphasize maintenance of ideal body weight through reducing body fat and adopting desirable dietary behaviors such as increasing intake of fish or bean products. (Korean J Nutrition 31(5) : 927~938, 1998)

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.166-174
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 8-week dynamic yoga program on body composition and blood lipids in middle-aged post-menopausal women. Method: Twenty participants were allocated to the yoga group (YG, n=10) or the control group (CG, n=10). They were assessed for lean body mass, percent body fat, waist to hip ratio, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride both before and after intervention. The yoga group participated in the program lasting $50{\sim}60$ minutes, five times a week for 8 weeks. Results: Unlike the control group, the yoga group showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, percent body fat, and waist hip ratio after the yoga training. However, changes in lean body mass, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride level during the intervention period were not different between the yoga group and the control group. Conclusion: The 8-week dynamic yoga program could be adopted to prevent cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged post-menopausal women by promoting body composition & blood lipids.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1987

Plasma levels of lipoproteins were observed in vegetarians and non-vegetarians in order to compare the values between the two groups with different dietary habits, and among different age groups. All 162 vegetarians and 95 non-vegetarians were selected for this study. In detail, male vegetarians subjects were devided into three groups according to their ages, 20's, 30's and 40's. And three control groups were also selected at matching basis. Two groups each were selected for female subjects in their 20's and 40's. All ten groups were adopted and the lipids levels were compared appropriately. Plasma $pre-{\beta}-lipoprotein$ levels of vegetarians and non-vegetarians were not significantly in all groups. And plama ${\alpha}-lipporoten$ levels of non-vegetarians were higher than the ones for vegetarians as compared with male of 20's, male 30's and female of 40's, and it was not significantly as compared with female of 20's. And plasma ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ levels of vegetarians were significantly lower than the ones for non-vegetarians in all groups. Most of plasma lipoprotein levels measured were found to be lower in vegetarians and tended to be higher age groups of both vegetarians and non-vegetarians. And plasma ${\alpha}-lipoprotein$ levels which is known to be adversely related to atheroscherosis were higher in non-vegetarians, it can be concluded in this study that the plasma lipoprotein levels of non-vegetarians under Korea dietary patterns are quite acceptable.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2014

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are associated with decreased risk of coronary artery disease. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for HDL cholesterol levels have implicated Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) as possibly being causal. Herein, the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10503669 in the LPL gene and HDL cholesterol levels and triglyceride levels was tested in the Korean population. A total of 994 subjects from Seoul City were included in a replication study with LPL SNP rs10503669. SNP rs10503669 in the LPL gene was associated with mean HDL cholesterol levels (effect per allele 3.13 mg/dL, P<0.0001) and triglyceride levels (effect per allele -18.0 mg/dL, P=0.0026). Subjects with the CA/AA genotype had a 0.42-fold (range 0.23~0.77-fold) lower risk of having abnormal HDL cholesterol levels (<40 mg/dL) than subjects with the CC genotype. When analyzed by gender, the association of LPL was stronger in men than in women. This study clearly demonstrates that genetic variants in LPL influence HDL cholesterol levels and triglyceride levels in Korean adults.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.320-327
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• 1999

The flavonoids are one of the most numberous and widespread groups of natural consituents. The low molecular weight of benzo-${\gamma}$-pyrone derivative are ubiquitous in plants and are vegetables nuts, seeds, leaves, flowers, and bark. The flavonoids constitute of a large class of compounds ubiquitous in plants containing a number of phenolic hydroxyl groups attached to ring structures conferring the antioxidant activity. Epidemiologic studies suggest that the dietary intake of antioxidants constitutes a risk factor for vasclar disease indicating that oxidation may be important in the pathogenesis of human athero-sclerosis. Elevated plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, LDL is oxidized by smooth muscle cells resulting in several chemicals and physical changes of LDL. Oxidized LDL is responsible for cholesterol loading of macrophages foam cells formation and atherogenesis. There have been insulficient tests of the protective effects of flavonoids against LDL oxidation to make definitive statements about their structure activity relationships. How-ever hydroxylation of the flavone uncleas can appears to be advantageous because polyhydroxylated aglycone flavonoids are potent inhibitor of LDL modification. This identification may lead to new and more effective antioxidant strategies for abrogating the atherosclerotic process the leading cause of death and disability in industrialized societies.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1595-1602
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• 2010

Low density lipoprotein (LDL)의 산화는 동맥경화의 유발과 진행에 결정적 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 마늘의 주요 대사산물인 allylmercaptan의 산화 low density lipoprotein에 의해 손상된 내피세포의 보호효과에 대하여 실험하였다. Allylmercaptan의 항산화 활성은 thiobarbituric acid substance (TBARS)로 측정하였다. Allylmercaptan은 0.1, 1 및 10 mM의 농도에서 $Cu^{2+}$에 의해 유도된 LDL의 산화를 용량의존적으로 억제하였다. 폐동맥 내피세포를 $37^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ 상태에서 24시간 동안 미리 배양시킨 후 세측한 다음 다시 24시간 동안 0.1 mg/ml oxidized LDL (ox-LDL)을 첨가하여 배양하였다. 이 때 ox-LDL이 Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)의 방출과 glutathione (GSH)를 감소시키는 원인으로 세포막 손상의 지표로 LDH와 GSH 함량을 조사하였다. 본 실험 결과 allylmercaptan을 일정 농도 별로 endothelial cell에 첨가하여 배양했을 때 LDH의 방출과 GSH의 감소를 현저하게 억제하였다. Peroxide를 형광분석법으로 24 well plate에서 직접 측정한 결과 allylmercaptan이 폐동맥 내피세포 내에서 ox-LDL 유도 peroxide의 방출을 억제하였다. 그리고 allylmercaptan은 과산화수소의 소거능도 있었다. 본 실험결과 allylmercaptan은 ox-LDL 유도 폐동맥 내피세포를 보호할 수 있었으므로 allylmercaptan은 동맥경화의 예방에 유용할 것으로 생각된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.1096-1104
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• 2015

Particulate $matter_{2.5}$ ($PM_{2.5}$) is notorious for its strong toxic effects on the cardiovascular, skin, nervous, and reproduction systems. However, the molecular mechanism by which $PM_{2.5}$ aggravates disease progression is poorly understood, especially in a water-soluble state. In the current study, we investigated the putative physiological effects of aqueous $PM_{2.5}$ solution on lipoprotein metabolism. Collected $PM_{2.5}$ from Seoul, Korea was dissolved in water, and the water extract (final 3 and 30 ppm) was treated to human serum lipoproteins, macrophages, and dermal cells. $PM_{2.5}$ extract resulted in degradation and aggregation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as well as low-density lipoprotein (LDL); apoA-I in HDL aggregated and apo-B in LDL disappeared. $PM_{2.5}$ treatment (final 30 ppm) also induced cellular uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) into macrophages, especially in the presence of fructose (final 50 mM). Uptake of oxLDL along with production of reactive oxygen species was accelerated by $PM_{2.5}$ solution in a dose-dependent manner. Further, $PM_{2.5}$ solution caused cellular senescence in human dermal fibroblast cells. Microinjection of $PM_{2.5}$ solution into zebrafish embryos induced severe mortality accompanied by impairment of skeletal development. In conclusion, water extract of $PM_{2.5}$ induced oxidative stress as a precursor to cardiovascular toxicity, skin cell senescence, and embryonic toxicity via aggregation and proteolytic degradation of serum lipoproteins.