• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.799-811
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• 2005

This study was carried out to examine the potency of the three surface compo- nents from Porphyromonas gingivalis to stimulate the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 to synthesize the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha($TNF-{\alpha}$) and nitric oxide (NO). Lipopolysaccharide(LPS). lipid A-associated proteins(LAP) and saline-extractable surface -associated material(SAM) were isolated from P. gingivalis 381. $TNF-{\alpha}$ release into culture supernatants was determined by two-site ELISA. NO production was assayed by measuring the accumulation of nitrite in culture supernatants. Western blot analysis of iNOS and analysis of reverse transcription(RT)-PCR products were carried out. The surface components extracted from this bacterium were almost equally potent in stimulating release of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and NO by RAW264.7 cells. $TNF-{\alpha}$ that was being measured immunologically was due to activation of $TNF-{\alpha}$ gene transcription. The present study clearly shows that P. gingivalis surface components fully induced iNOS expression in RAW264.7 cells in the absence of other stimuli. The ability of P. gingivalis surface components to promote the production of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and NO may be important in the pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal disease.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.309-316
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• 1972

고구마의 지질(脂質)을 유리지질(遊離脂質)과 결합지질(結合脂質)로 분리하고, thin layer chromatography에 의하여 각종 성분으로 분별(分別), 동정(同定), 정량(定量) 하였으며 그들의 flavor를 검사하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1) 고구마의 총지질(脂質)은 1.75%로서 (고형물(固形物)당), 유리지질(遊離脂質)은 0.95%, 결합지질(結合脂質)은 0.80% 이었다. 2) TLC에 의하여 유리지질(遊離脂質)에서 13개, 결합지질(結合脂質)에서 9개의 성분(成分)을 분리(分離), 정량(定量)하였으며 phospholipid가 34.5%, 유리지방산이 17.2%로서 가장 많았다. 3) Reversed TLC 에 의하여 지방산을 분리(分離), 정량(定量)한 결과 palmitic acid 30.1%, linoleic acid 16.7%, oleic acid 15.8% linolenic acid 9.8%로서 가장 많은 양을 보였다. 여러 가지 지질획분(脂質劃分)의 flavor 관찰한 결과 고구마가 갖고 있는 나쁜 맛과 냄새는 주로 결합지질(結合脂質)에 존재하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.318-325
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• 1998

To investigate changes in protein and total lipid contents, seed storage protein pattern, and fatty acid composition of germination perilla(Perilla frutescens) seeds. Also, the corresponding value components in cotyledons, hypocotyles and roots were measured according to germination stage. The results were summarized as follows ; During germination, pertein and total lipid contents of Yepsilldalggae and Kwangyang cultivar were decreased continuously. In particular, protein contents rapidly decreased to the 3 days after germination(DAG), and then total lipid contents rapidly decreased between 3 DAG and 10 DAG. In changes of protein and total lipid contents of cotyledons, protein contents of Yeupsildalggae was increased during the germination, but Kwangyang cultivar was decreased during the same periods. The total lipids contents of Yeupsildalggae and Kwangyang cultivar were decreased during the germination. According to SDS-PAGE analysis, there was no detectible polypeptide bands on the gel before seed germination suggesting that this may be due to the rapid degradation of the storage proteins in the mature seed by hydrolyttic enzymes during the stage. During germinatation , the polypeptide band with 27$\sim$28KD of Yeupsildalggae and Kwangyang cultivar were accumulated gradually. In changes of fatty acid composition of total lipid of Yeupsildalggae and Kwangyang cultivar , saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid and stearic acid increased during the germination. On the other hand, unsaturated fatty acid such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid decreased during the same periods. However, oleic acid increased to the 5 DAG, and then was repidly decreased.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 1993

Twelve docked and 12 intact Najdi lambs of equal numbers of males and females were slaughtered at 40 kg shorn shrunk body weight, Lipid in all empty body fat components; namely, subcutaneous, intermuscular, intramuscular, omental, mesenteric, channel, perirenal, pericardial, tail, viscera, bone and hide, were determined. Except for ram lambs, which had a lower percentage of lipid in intermuscular partition in loin cut, sex did not influence the relative proportion of subcutaneous or intermuscular fat in each wholesale cut. The data also showed that docking did not change the distribution of lipid in intermuscular and intramuscular fat partitions in each wholesale cut. Docked lambs tended to accumulate lower proportions of the lipid in subcutaneous fat component in the cuts located along the dorsal line than intact lambs. The total amount of lipid deposited in the empty body of ewe lamb was heavier in weight than that of ram lamb. Docking had no effect on the distribution of total lipid in the empty body, except for subcutaneous fat component, being greater in docked lambs than did intact ones. Generally, the highest proportion of fat was associated with subcutaneous depot followed, in order, by intermuscular, mesenteric, tail, intramuscular and omental fat partitions.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.515-520
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• 1989

쌀보리 전분에서 유리 및 결합지방질을 추출하여 이들을 중성 당 인지방질 등으로 분획, 정량하고 다시 이 분획된 성분들의 구성지방질들을 분별 정량한 다음 각 지방질들의 지방산 조성을 분석하였다. 유리지방질에서는 중성 당 인지방질의 함량이 각각 69.9%, 27.3%, 2.8%였고, 결합지방질에서는 $34.9{\sim}54.6%,\;30.0{\sim}45.5%,\;15.4{\sim}19.6%$였다. 중성지방질 성분 중 대부분을 차지하는 것은 트리글리세리드$(70.4{\sim}82.4%)$이었고 이외 유리지방산$(8.4{\sim}26.2%)$ 그리고 소량의 esterified sterol과 free sterol로 구성되어 있었다. 당지방질에서는 $87{\sim}91%$의 monogalactosyl-diglycerides가 주요 성분이었으며 그외 소량의 digalactosyl-diglycerides $(0.8{\sim}4.2%)$, corebrosides$(1.8{\sim}4.4%)$, steryl glycosides$(3.1{\sim}5.9%)$로 구성되어 있었다. 그리고 인지방질 성분에서는 유리, 결합지방질 모두 lysophosphatidyl choline $(26.8{\sim}30.8%)$과 diphosphatidyl glycerols $(33.6{\sim}40.4%)$의 함량이 많았으며, 그외 $12.1{\sim}21.2%$의 phosphatidyl choline & phosphatidyl serine, $7.1{\sim}9.9%$의 phosphatidyl glycerol로 구성되어 있었다. 중성지방질의 주요 지방산은 팔미트산$(15.2{\sim}47.3%)$, 리놀레산$(23.0{\sim}68.3%)$였으며 당지방질에서도 대부분을 구성하는 지방산은 팔미트산$(22.7{\sim}39.8%)$과 리놀레산$(30.2{\sim}63.1%)$이었다. 특히 당지방질의 유리지방질에서는 결합지방질에 비해 미리스트산, 스테아르산의 함량이 많은 것이 특징적이었다. 인지방질의 지방산 조성도 함량면에서는 차이가 나지만 대부분 팔미트산과 리놀레산으로 구성되어 있었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.519-528
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in lipid components of red pepper under various processing conditions such as drying, exposing to lights, extraction and storage conditions. The material used in this study were Chungyang cultivars which contained the largest amount of capsaicinoids and Dabok cultivars which is most popular among the various cultivars produced in Korea. Total lipid content of Chungyang was 15.7% and those of Dabok, Udeungsang and Hongilpum were about 17%. The neutral lipid content in free lipid of red pepper was $78.5{\sim}80.3%$ Phospholipid and glycolipid content in bound lipid were $53.8{\sim}56.9%$ and $35.3{\sim}38.7%$ respectively. The major fatty acids of lipid were linoleic, palmitic and oleic acid. Linoleic acid was presented mainly in pericarp, seed and placenta, whereas the most of palmitic acid was presented in stem. Lipid content of cut and whole red pepper were decreased $24.7{\sim}28%$ and $18.1{\sim}21.5%$ by drying for 48hrs at $65^{\circ}C$ and $95^{\circ}C$. And lipid content was also decreased $3.5{\sim}3.6%$ when the red pepper powder was exposed to 15,000 lux of incandescent light for 30 days at $40^{\circ}C$ and $4{\sim}4.9%$ to fluorescent light. The lipid was extracted the highest content of $50.5{\sim}51.7%$ by acid solution(pH2) and the lowest content by neutral solution, and the higher the salt concentration, the greater the lipid was extracted. During storage at $4^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C,\;40^{\circ}C$, for 30 days the lipid content was not much changed but linoleic acid content was decreased during storage at the same conditions.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1990

녹두전분으로 부터 유리지질과 저온 및 고온에서 결합지질을 추출한 다음 이들을 중성지질, 당지질, 인지질로 분획 정량하였으며 아울러 각 지질들의 지방산 조성을 분석하였다. 녹두전분에서 추출한 유리지질에서의 중성지질, 당지질, 인지질의 함량은 각각 98.2%, 1.7%, 0.1% 이였으며 저온 및 고온에서 추출한 결합지질에서는 각각 84.3~85.7%, 10.5~11.0%, 5.2~3,3% 이었다. 그리고 중성지질의 주된 성분은 triglyceride와 esterified sterol이었으며 이들의 함량은 총 중성지질의 90%를 차지 하였다. 당지질의 유리지질과 결합지질은 monogalactosyl diglycerides와 esteryl steryl glyceried가 주성분 이었다. 그리고 인지질의 경우 유리지질은 phosphatidyl ethanolamine (79.0%)이 그리고 결합지질은 phosphatidyl inositol등이 주성분이었고 고온추출 결합지질에서는 phosphatidyl giyeride 함량이 높았다. 또한 각 지질의 지방산 조성은 유리지질에서는 palmitic acid(50.2%), stearic acid(20.6%)이 주성분이었고 결합지질에서는 palmitic acid과 linoleic acid의 함량이 높았다. 그리고 유 질에서는 arachidonic acid와 behenic acid가 또한 고온추출 결합지질에서는 behenic acid가 미량 함유되어 있었다.되어 있었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.93-103
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• 1988

인삼근의 구조적인 차이점에 따른 지질의 함량 및 지방질 조성을 규명하기 위하여 chloroform-methanol로 추출한 지질을 column, thin layer, gas-liquid chromatography에 의하여 분석하였다. 각 부위별 정제 지질은 1.08~2.23%로서 그 조성면에서 볼 때 중성지질은 64.2~73.5%였고 당지질은 15.4~17.4%였으며 인지질은 10.4~19.2%였다. 특히 피층에서는 중성지질의 함량이 가장 높았는데 이는 이곳에만 특징적으로 존재하는 지질분비관에서 합성 분비된 중성지질 때문이라 생각된다. 이러한 점은 조직화학적 관찰 결과 분비관 내강의 분비물질이 nile blue에 적색의 반응을 나타내는 것으로 더욱더 뒷바침 될 수 있었다. 중성지질 획분중에는 triglycerides, sterol esters and hydrocarbons 의 함량이 높았고 그외에 1,3-diglycerides, monoglycerides, 1,2-diglycerides, free sterols, free fatty acids와 미동정된 5종류가 검출되었다. 그러나 중심주에서는 unidentified II, IV 및 V가 검출되지 않은 점이 특이하였다. 당지질 획분 중에는 sterol glucoside, digalactosyl diglyceride 및 esterified sterol glucoside가 주성분이었고 미동정된 6종류가 검출되었다. 인지질 획분 중에는 phospatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl choline과 phosphatidyl ethanolamine이 주성분이었고 그 외에 phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl inositol 및 미동정된 2종이 검출되었다. 각 부위별 중성지질, 당지질, 인지질 획분 중에서 모두 18종류의 지방산이 동정되었는데 주요지방산은 linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid 및 linolenic acid였으나 각 지방산의 함량은 부위별 및 지질분획에 따라서 다소 상이하였다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.415-417
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• 2002

Juvenile visceral steatosis (JVS) mouse is an animal model of the systemic camitine deficiency. JVS mice first develop fatty liver following cardiac hypertrophy. hyperammonemia, etc. To clarify the relationship between fatty liver and other symptoms. lipid hydroperoxides levels of peripheral oragans in JVS mice at 1 month were determined by the use of phosphine derivatives. We also report here a new method to quantitate the lipid components level in fatty liver of JVS mice.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.303-307
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• 1992

The lipid compositions of buckwheats produced in Korea were analyzed. The samples used in this experiment were as follows; Kyungbuk rice buckwheat. Kangwon hull buckwheat and Kangwon rice buckwheat. The total lipids were extracted and fractionated to neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids respectively by silicic acid column chromatography (SACC). As a result, neutral lipids content of these three samples were in the range of 82.77-95.65%; glycolipids in 1.97-10.83%; and phospholipids in 2.21-6.40%. The composition of neutral lipids of these three samples showed that triglyceride were in the range of 88.7-92.0%; monoglyceride in 2.3-4.0%; free fatty acid in 3.0-3.7%; diglyceride in 0.7-0.8%.; free sterol in 0-0.7%; and steryl esters in 0-2.2%. The major fatty acids of total lipid, neutral lipid, glycolipids and phospholipids of these three samples were oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids.