• Applied Microscopy
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.67-77
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• 1994

1. 배유세포의 세포질에는 핵, 미토콘드리아, 색소체, 소포체 및 액포가 관찰되었는데, 배유의 가수분해가 상당히 진전될 때까지도 이들 세포소기관은 남아있었다. 2. 대마의 배유세포내에는 $0.75-2.5{\mu}m$ 크기의 지질과립과 $3.0-7.5{\mu}m$ 크기의 단백질과립이 충만하였으며, 발아와 더불어 이들은 점차 소실되었는데, 단백질과립이 가장 먼저 분해되어 액포화하였다. 그러나 모든 단백질과립과 세포질의 분해가 진행되어도 지질과립은 잔존하였고, 세포벽 분해가 완전히 이루어진 후에야 비로서 분해되었다. 3. 형질막에 둘러싸인 단백질과립은 전자밀도가 매우 높은 중앙부와 이질적인 주변부로 이루어져 있었으며, globoid는 관찰되었으나 crystalloid는 관찰되지 않았다. 단백질과립의 분해양상은 주로 주변부의 단백기질로부터 분해되었으며, 중앙부에 과립상 형태의 분해 현상이 관찰되기도 하였다. 4. Cellulase의 활성은 세포벽 전반과 일부 세포질에서 나타났는데, 배 가까이의 배유세포벽과 일부 잔존한 단백질과립에서 특히 강한 활성이 관찰되었다. 5. Cellulase의 반응산물은 가수분해가 완료된 제형충의 분해된 섬유소원에서 작은 과립상으로 관찰되었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 1993

This study was made to understand a hypoglycemic action of the fat soluble fraction of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by determining the activities of several enzymes related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as several blood component levels such as glucose and ketone bodies, and non-esterified fatty acids. Albino rats (Sprague Dawley, 170-200g, 3) were injected once with 70mg streptozotocinhg body weight intraperitoneally and fed with ordinary diet for 7 days, and then the fat soluble fraction (5 mg~20 mg/day/rat) was injected intraperitoneally once a day for three days to rats having high blood glucose level over 340 mg/100ml. After a final injection of the fat soluble fraction, rats u.ere starved for 16 hours followed by the analysis of blood serum and liver enzymes. It was found that increased levels of glucose, ketone bodies and free fatty acids in streptozotocin induced rats were decreased appreciably by administration of the fat soluble fraction. However, the amount of administered fat soluble fraction did not show any significantly different hypoglycemic action. Decreased activities of glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and acetyl CoA carboxylase of the liver of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were greatly modified suggesting that a hypoglycemic action of the fat soluble fraction was also appreciable as ginseng saponin fraction. We also compared a hypoglycemic action of the fat soluble fraction prepared from American ginseng and Chinese ginseng with that of Korean pain ginseng. 핀o significant difference of the hypoglycemic activity was observed between the above ginseng fat soluble fractions, suggesting that a study of the fat soluble fraction might be one of the most interesting subjects relating to diabetic hyperglycemia in the near future.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.13-30
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• 1983

[ $1-{\beta}-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine$ ](ara-C), which is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog is cytotonic to mammalian cells in culture and is active in vitro and in vivo against a variety of DNA viruses. The precise mechanism of action of ara-C has not been determined, although ara-C is thought to act as an antimetabolite, interfering with the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA). Cytosine arabinoside originally seemed to act principally by inhibiting the conversion of cytidine to deoxytidine, thus inhibiting DNA synthesis. But recent data suggest that effects upon DNA polymerase and effects via incorporation into DNA and RNA may well be of equal importance. The author have demonstrated the effect of cytosine arabinoside on the hepatocytes of albino mice treated with ara-C, observing changes in the cytoplasmic organelles of the hepatocytes. A total of 120 healthy male albino mice were divided into the control and ara-C treated groups. The animals of the ara-C group were given 10mg. per kg of body weight of mouse ara-C in physiological saline solution and the animals of control group were given physiological saline solution, intraperitoneally. After an administration of ara-C or physiological saline solution, the animal were killed at. interval of 6, 12, and 24 hours. The specimens, which were obtained from the left anterier lobe of the liver, were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and observed with JEM 100B electron microscope. The results were obtained as follow: A pronounced dilatation, sacculation and fragmentation of the cisterane of rough endoplasmic reticulum with dissociation of membrane bound-ribosomes, disaggregation of free ribosomes in the cytoplasm, proliferation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum associated with depletion of glycogen paracles, atrophies of Golgi complex, production of numerous lipid droplets, and formation of antophagic vacuoles, multivesicular bodies and residual bodies are recognized in the hepatocytes of ara-C treated mice. Consequently it is suggested that cytosine arabinoside would induce a changes of the cytoplasmic organelles of the hepatocytes in albino mice.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.162-183
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• 1990

From 1988 to 1989, 8 strains of canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) were isolated from the fecal specimens from the dogs that were clinically diagnosed as canine parvoviral enteritis in the veterinary hospitals located in the regions of Taejon and Chungbuk province. Studios on biological and physicochemical properties for the isolates were carried out. The results obtained by experiments are summarized as follows. 1. Among 62 fecal samples collected from the dogs with enteric diseases, 24 (38.7%) showed the haemagglutinating activity against porcine erythrocyte, ranging from 16 to 16, 384 of HA titers. 2. When 8 fecal specimens with high HA titer over 1, 000 were inocultated into CRFX cells, intranuclear inclusion bodies were obseverd in all of eight specimens, of w)lick three specimens showed cytoplasmic inclusions concurrently with the intranuclear inclusion bodies. 3. In study on species-specificity of haemagglutinating activity of the isolates, TJ-89-1 and TJ-89-2, it was found that the isolates revealed the highest haemagglutinating activity with porcine erythrocytes, showing the relatively lower haemagglutination titers with the erythrocytes from cat and rabbit. None of erythrocytes from other animals reacted with the isolates. 4. By the cross-haemagglutination inhibition test of the Isolates with reference viruses and sera, the Isolates were evidently identified as the strains of canine parvovirus-2. 5. In Physicochemical property test, it was evident that the isolates were stable in, lipid solvent, pH and heat treatment at $56^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. and contain DNA genome. 6. When seven puppies were inoculated intraorally with the isolate at HA titer of 8, 192, all of the puppies showed the symptoms of anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea and died at the 5th to 10th days post inoculation(pi). The fecal samples from all of the puppies revealed significantly high HA titers afterward the 5th days pi. Body temperature and the number of total leucocytes were slightly increased at the early stage of infection. but extremely decreased at the stage of collapse. HI titers of the sera started to increase at the 2nd to 3rd days pi reaching 512 to 1, 024 at the 4th to 5th day pi.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권1호통권84호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1998

버섯의 항산화 활성을 검색하기 위하여 63종의 버섯자실체를 80% 에탄올로 추출한 후 각각의 버섯추출물이 지질과산화반응, AO 및 SOD의 활성도에 미치는 효과를 관찰하였다. 테미로버섯(D. dickinsii), 뽕나무버섯(A. mellea) 및 아카시재목버섯(F. fraxineu)의 추출물이 간조직 microsome의 지질과산화반응을 억제시켰으며, A. mellea, D. dickinsii, F. fraxinea, 삼색도장버섯(D. tricolor), 송편버섯(T. suaveolens), 옷솔버섯(T. abietinum), 제주쓴맛그물버섯(T. neofelleus), 노란그물버섯(B. obscurecoccineus) 및 산그물버섯(X. subtomentosus) 등의 추출물은 간 세포질 내의 초산화 이온의 생성효소인 AO 활성을 크게 억제시켰다. 한편, D. tricolor, A. mellea, D. dickinsii, 및 F. fraxinea 등의 추출물은 간 세포질의 SOD의 활성을 증가시켰다. 이상의 결과로부터 특히 A. mellea, D. dickinsii 및 F. fraxinea로부터 항산화활성 성분의 분리정제 및 생리활성물질의 개발에 대한 가능성이 제시되었다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제3권
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• pp.190-196
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• 1985

인삼의 스트레스에 대한 효과를 알아보기 위하여 스트레스를 가한 흰쥐의 부신피질에 대해 형태학적 관찰을 행하였든바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 이때 실험은 saline 주사후 스트레스를 가하지 않은 군(S-NS-AD), 스트레스를 가한 군(S-S-AD)과 인삼추출액을 주사한 후 스트레스를 가하지 않은 군(G-NS-AD)과 스트레스를 가한 군(G-S-AD) 등으로 나누어 시행하였다. 조직학적으로 S-S-AD군에서는 S-NS-AD군에 비해 작은 지방적이 다수 출현하였으나 인삼 주사군에서는 스트레스에 관계없이 대형의 지방적이 다수 출현하였다. 조직화학적으로는 인삼주사군에서 cholesterol 및 그 ester, glycolipid, phospholipid, glycogen등이 다소 많이 출현하였으나 glycogen과 cholesterol 및 그 ester는 S-S-AD군에서도 많이 출현하였다. 전자현미경적으로 S-S-AD군과 임삼주사군에서 지방적이 다수 출현하고 특히 인삼주사군에서는 대형의 지방적 출현과 중등도의 glycogen 과립의 출현을 볼수 있었다. 또 안삼주사군과 S-S-AD 군에서는 SER의 확장, 세포간격의 확장 및 dense body의 출현 등이 인정되었으며, G-S-AD군에서는 세포간에 filopodia도 인정되었다. 이상의 소견으로 봐서 인삼은 스트레스에 대해 부신피질세포의 대사 및 홀몬 합성에 활성을 주어 스트레스에 대항할 수 있는 효과를 주는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.765-779
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• 2003

Physiological lipid mixtures comprised of cholesterol, ceramide and free fatty acid better maintain epidermal homeostasis and have been recently used for dermatoses induced by skin barrier damage, for example for atopic dermatitis and xerotic skin. Itching and dry atopic dermatitis of the skin may be related to altered skin barrier function. In a previous study, the use of multi-lamellar emulsion (MLE), which is a lipid mixtures containing cholesterol, pseudoceramide and free fatty acid, has been shown to accelerate the recovery of the epidermal permeability barrier. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of MLE compared with a currently used anti-itch moisturizer (AIM), the active ingredients of which are menthol and camphor, on barrier recovery after barrier disruption. To clarify the effect of MLE and AIM after acute barrier perturbation, we measured the relation between transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and the barrier recovery rate at 3, 6, 24, and 48 hours after tape stripping hairless mice and then observed changes in the stratum corneum (SC), including the intercellular lipid structure and secretion of lamellar bodies, by electron microscopy. MLE treated skin recover skin barrier function more rapidly, and AIM treated skin delayed barrier repair. Morphological changes in the epidermis, of MLE treated skin revealed well-conserved lipid multi-lamellar structures at 24 h after tape stripping, whereas AIM treated skin showed altered lamellar bilayers within the SC interstices at 48 h. In addition, MLE treated skin showed an increase in the number of LBs and in their secretions and a decrease in the number of SC layers versus AIM treated skin. These results suggest that MLE may accelerate the production of an epidermal permeability barrier in hairless mice by increasing the number and secretion of LB and improve the dryness and itch associated with an altered epidermal permeability barrier.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2001

민간약재로 사용되어지는 아카시재목 버섯(Fomitella fraxinea) 자실체의 에탄올 추출물로부터 ethyl acetate 추출, silica gel chromatography, preparative TLC 등의 방법으로 항산화 활성을 나타내는 steroid계 화합물, F-1을 분리 정제하였다. EI-Mass, FT-IR, $^1H$ 및 $^{13}C$ NMR 등 기기 분석에 의하여 F-1은 분자량이 412.65, 분자식이 $C_{28}H_{44}O_2$의 steroid 화합물, ergosta-7,22-diene-3-one-$16{\beta}-ol$임을 확인하였다. F-1의 지질과산화 저해활성은 $10^{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 86%의 지질과산화 저해활성을 나타내었으며, $IC_{50}$ 값은 $3.8{\mu}g/ml$이었다. 이 화합물은 항산화제인 ${\alpha}-tocoperol$과 유사한 항산화 활성을 나타내었다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 1982

전신성 Cryptococcosis로 판명된 4세 남아의 피부 생검조직에서 발견된C. neoformans의 미세구조를 광학현미경 관찰과 함께 보고 하였다. 광학현미경 관찰에서는 각종 만성 염증 세포의 침윤과 함께 다수의 구형의 organism을 관찰할 수 있었다. 전자현미경적으로도 난원형의 세포가 gelatinous 또는 filamentous한 capsular material에 둘러 싸여 단세포 혹은 여러개의 세포가 모여 있는 상태로 관찰되었으며 budding중인 상태의 것도 관찰되었다. 세포막은 고전사 밀도의 여러층으로 구성되어 있었으며 한개의 핵과 핵인이 관찰되었고 세포질내에는 mitochondria, ribosome, lipid bodies, vacuole등과 함께 plasma membrane의 infolding으로 형성된 mesosome-like structure도 관찰되었다.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2005년도 제20차 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.52-52
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• 2005

Oogenesis, the gonadosomatic index (GSI), reproductive cycle and first sexual maturation of the female Neptunea (Barbitonia) arthritica cumingii have been investigated by light and electron microscope observations. In the early vitellogenic oocyte, the Golgi complex and mitochondria were involved in the formation of glycogen, lipid droplets and yolk granules. In late vitellogenic oocytes, the rough endoplasmic reticulum and multivesicular bodies were involved in the formation of proteid yolk granules in the cytoplasm. In particular, compared with the results of other gastropods, it is a different result that appearances of cortical granules at the cortical layer and microvilli on the vitelline envelope, which is associated with heterosynthetic vitellogenesis, were not observed in vitellogenic oocytes during oogenesis. A mature yolk granule was composed of three components: main body (central core), superficial layer, and the limiting menbrane, Monthly changes in the gonadosomatic index in females were studied in 2002 and 2003 were closely associated with ovarian developmental phases. Spawning occurred between May and August in 2002 and 2003 and the main spawning occurred between June and July when the seawater temperature rose to approximately 18${\sim}$23${\circ}$C. The female reproductive cycle can be classified into five successive stages: early activestage (Septmber to October), late active stage ( November to February), ripe stage (February to June), partially spawned stage (May to Aygust), and recovery stage (June to August).