• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.895-902
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• 1999

This paper deals with a numerical study of the tribological contact stress distributions of elastomeric lip seals for oscillating shafts when the sealing interference and band width between the lip ease or contact seals and the shaft are present. Using the finite element method the contact stress and band width of scraper seals are analyzed for the sealing interference including some nonlinearities such as geometrical nonlinearity, material nonlinearity and nonlinear contact boundary condition. The FEM results showed that the contact stress concentrated on the contacting lip zone between the contacting edge of lip and the shaft for the increased interference. In double lip scraper seals, ole maximum contact stress of the dust lip, which is used to exclude foreign contaminants is six times higher than that of the primary sealing lip, which is used to contain lubricants.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.123-124
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• 2006

Usually, hydraulic cylinder is widely used as the actuator in the equipment of construction machines, airplane and military machines. In case of these devices, due to use under severe environment such as water, $SiO^2$ and dust, etc. seal which has high packing ability and long service life has been required. These characteristics are largely influenced by material and geometries of seal such as approach angle, withdrawal angle and interference. Recently, many a study about seal material has been performed so that many materials have been developed. But the concrete studies including the relationships between geometry of seal and sealing performance have hardly been performed yet. Therefore, in this study, we predicted the deformation behavior and contact normal distribution of dust seal with the variation of geometries of seal lip using finite element analysis. And based on the results of analyses, we discussed the effects of the design variables fur sealing performance of the dust seal.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.47-54
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• 1991

The lip seals widely used nowadays in stern tube sealing system of ships have radial sealing contact with shafts or liners, on the other hand the face seals of stern tube sealing system have axial sealing contact with seat. Because of axial sealing contact, the face seals have a large number of merits such as durability of life, simplicity of structure, easy fitting and replacement, etc. In this paper, for the purpose of development of face seals, the fundamental properties of axial sealing contact were analyzed and a trial face seal was designed and manufactured using N.B.R. rubber and Thordon which is widely used for bearing materials. The seal proper of trial face seal was made from N.B.R. rubber and the face insert was made from Thordon, thermosetting resins which are three dimensional, cross linked condensation polylmers. The performance test of trial face seal was carried out on the test bench which was specially designed and manufactured. The results were satisfactory enough to be used in practical stern tube sealing system.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.297-301
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• 2008

In many dynamic seals such as lip seal and compression packings, it is well known that wear occur at the surface of heat treated steel shaft as results of the intervened wear particle. It is widely understood that the dominant wear mechanism related in sealing surfaces is abrasive wear. However, little analytical and experimental studies about this problems have been done until now. In this paper, a contact analysis is carried out using MARC to investigate the wear mechanism in contact seal applications considering elastomeric seal, a elastic perfect-plastic micro-spherical particle and steel surface. Deformed seal shapes, contact and von-Mises stress distributions for various particle sizes and interference are showed. The maximum von-Mises stress within steel shaft was exceeded its yield strength and plastic deformation occurred at steel surface. Therefore, the sealing surface can be also worn by sub-surface fatigue due to wear particles together with well known abrasion. The numerical methods and models used in this paper can be applied in design of dynamic sealing systems, and further intensive studies are required.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2011

This study analyzed the mechanical characteristics and evaluated their subsequent performance for two types of seals which reinforced characteristics with lower friction and anti-wear functions among the foremost important features in the automotive engine seals; one with the addition of glass fiber to PTFE(Polytetrafluoro ethylene); the other with the addition of self-lubricant molybdenumin addition to the glass fiber. Based on the configuration design of seal installed to the front part in the automotive engine, this study carried out interpretations on the stress and reaction for those two types of oil seals to compare the maximum stress and contact load generated from the seal steel, rubber and PTFE lip. This study also verified the stress concentration and anti-wear performance through the coefficient of friction, torque and durability test by producing two types of PTFE seals actually.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

The seal plays a role in preventing oil leakage when the lip and the rotating shaft come into contact with the fluid and air pressure. Recently, micro dimples or micro pockets are processed and used on the lubrication surfaces of thrust bearings, mechanical bearings, and piston rings. Compared to a smooth surface, micro dimples reduce friction and increase the life of parts. This paper analyzed various kinds of micro dimple shapes on the sealing surface, i.e. circle, rectangle, triangle, and trapezoid. For this purpose, Introduced the design of experiments to work out a micro dimple configuration, unlikely to be damaged from cracks and low in contact stress. As a result, the triangular dimple showed the best results. Optimal factors were dimple size 0.15 mm, dimple depth 0.0383 mm, dimple density 40%, and the maximum equivalent stress was 9.1455 MPa, and the maximum contact pressure was 9.6612 MPa. This paper analyzed the optimal shape of dimples by finite element analysis. As a research project, experiments and comparative analysis of micro dimple shapes are needed.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.657-666
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• 2017

본 연구에서는, 50인치 이상 대형 텔레비전의 높낮이의 마찰을 줄이기 위한 요인 분석이 실시되었다. 첫째는 피스톤 로드의 정확한 위치 제어를 위한 관형 전단면 제어에 대한 것이다. 여기서 관형 오리피스 전단면과 미로형 오리피스 전단면이 비교되었다. 두 번째 연구는 가스 씰 립 기술에 의한 마찰력 줄이기가 시행되었다. 세 번째는 실린더의 체적의 보상을 위한 주변장치가 피스톤 로드의 체적을 압축함으로서 세부사양을 결정하고 체적 보상 실험을 수행하는 것이다. 이로 인한 연구 결과들은 다음과 같다. 첫째는 CAE 및 실험적 고려를 통한 관형과 미로형 사이의 오리피스 전단면에 있어서, 미로형 오리피스의 전단면이 마찰을 줄이는데 뛰어났다. 둘째는 가스 씰 립 기술에서, 중공 로드의 실험 결과에서 외경 20 mm, 내경 8 mm의 직경을 가지는 것이 30 킬로그램을 가정한 50인치 이상의 텔레비전에 가장 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째는 사양결정과 체적 보상 실험을 위한 체적 보상의 안전성 문제와 성능의 총체적 고려사항 결과 중공로드 외경 8 mm, 내경 4 mm와 리벳 시스템이 결정되었다. 마지막으로, 300 mm의 이동거리에서는 관형, 미로형 오리피스에 있어 직경 0.4~0.6의 오리피스에서는 미로형 오리피스가 발견되지 않았다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.13-17
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• 1996

립실의 중요 설계 변수인 접촉력의 측정에는 스플릿트축장치가 흔히 사용된다. 축과 립실의 간섭량은 두 개 스플릿트축의 간격으로서 조절된다. 두 축을 초기 위치로부터 측정하고자 하는 임의 위치로 이동시킬 때 정확한 원을 이루지 못해 측정되는 접촉력은 오차를 포함되게 된다. 본 연구에서는 작은 간섭량 범위 내에서 접촉력을 이론적으로 예측할 수 있는 수식을 유도하고 측정 오차 값을 예측하였다. 측정된 립실의 접촉력은 측정 간섭량이 초기간섭량과 일치하는 경우 외에는 항상 오차를 포함하고 있음을 밝혔다. 이 오차는 작은 간섭량 범위 내에서 립실의 재료 특성이나 형상에 무관하며, 10% 이내의 측정 오차 유지를 위해서는 측정 간섭량이 초기 간섭량의 68%에서 187% 범위 내에 들어야 함을 확인하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 1996

This paper deals with a numerical study of the dynamic response of rubber oil seals for rotating shaft when interference as well as static and dynamic eccentricities are present. In loss of contact conditions the dynamic curve of oil seals is numerically simulated using the FEM package MSC/NASTRAN. The direct integration method is selected to analyze the time domain response of the seal lip-shaft contact. The computed results based on the experimental data indicate that the increased rotating speed may produce the gap separation between lip edge of rubber seals and shaft. These results will be very useful in predicting the dynamic leakage due to contact behaviors of rubber oil seals under dynamic conditions.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 PTFE 100%, PTFE 90% + 카본블랙 10%, PTFE 85% + 유리섬유 15%, PTFE 80% + 유리섬유 15% + 이황화몰리브덴($MoS_2$) 5%, PTFE 75% + 유리섬유 25%, PTFE 75% + 카본블랙 18% + 흑연 7% 복합물들의 기계적 물성을 연구하고 DSC 및 TGA를 이용하여 복합물의 융해열(${\Delta}H_f$)과 열적 안정성에 관한 실험을 수행하였다. 또한 내구시험법을 이용하여 PTFE 오일씰의 립부 마모형상 및 마모량을 측정하였다. SEM을 이용하여 마모표면을 관찰하였다. PTFE에 유리섬유와 이황화몰리브덴을 첨가하여 실험결과에 따르면, 인장강도 및 신율은 저하되지만 경도, 내마모성 및 내구성 보강의 효과를 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. PTFE 복합재질 6가지중 PTFE 80% + 유리섬유 15% + 이황화몰리브덴 5%의 복합물이 PTFE 오일씰 제작에 가장 알맞은 재질임을 확인하였다.