• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1996

Menu-driven interfaces are frequently employed for user interfaces on many electronic products. Due to space constraint, a single or multi-line display is popularly used to show menu items unlike the software interfaces. Single or multi-line display present 8 .approx. 21. characters on an LCD screen and the user selects items using a series of button pushes. Multi-line displays are different from the single-line ones in the following aspects. First, they can present multiple line of information at the same time. Second, they can present menu items in a various way compared to single-line ones. However, due to their space constraint multi-line displays have many limitations compared to ordinary displays which usually use 14" screens. Therefore, guidelines are necessary for designing efficent multi-line display menus interfaces. In this study, a human factors experiment was conducted to examine the effects of three design variables which might affect the usability of a multi-line display menus. Factors investigated include menu structure, number of lines on the display, and item presentation method. Usability of the multi-line display menus was measured quantitatively in terms of four different aspects: speed, accuracy, inefficiency and preference. The analysis of variance was used not only to analyze the main effects of the factors and their interactions but also to see the differences between the single-line display menus and multi-line display ones. A set of design guidelines drawn from this study can be applied to the design of the user interfaces of a various types of electronic consumer products.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2004

We present a new algorithm for the calibration of a camera and the recovery of 3D scene structure up to a scale from image sequences using known angles between lines in the scene. Traditional method for calibration using scene constraints requires various scene constraints due to the stratified approach. Proposed method requires only one type of scene constraint of known angle and also it directly recovers metric structure up to an unknown scale from projective structure. Specifically, we recover the matrix that is the homography between the projective structure and the Euclidean structure using angles. Since this matrix is a unique one in the given set of image sequences, we can easily deal with the problem of varying intrinsic parameters of the camera. Experimental results on the synthetic and real images demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.1151-1154
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• 2004

In this study, we presented a novel method to calculate unknown voltages on the floating electrodes introduced in a unit pixel of TFT-LCDs using three-dimensional molecular director simulation. For the simulation of the potential distribution profiles generated under the influence of the floating electrodes, we used the floating boundary condition on the surface enclosing the floating electrodes. The constraint for the floating boundary condition was derived from the charge neutrality condition about the floating electrodes disconnected from voltage sources. For the pixel with the floating electrodes patterned between the pixel and the data electrodes, we simulated the molecular director and the potential distribution in three-dimension, and then observed the location of the disclination lines around the edge of the pixel electrode. As a result, it was revealed that the floating electrodes significantly affect the electro-optical characteristics such as the location of the disclination line.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제30B권9호
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• pp.64-75
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• 1993

This paper proposes a recovering technique of the elevation map by stereo modeling of the aerial image sequence which is transformed based on the aircraft situation. The area-based stereo matching method is simulated and the various parameters are experimentally chosen. In a depth extraction step, the depth is determined by solving the vector equation. The equation is suitable for stereo modeling of aerial images which do not satisfy the epipolar constraint. Also, the performance of the conventional feature-based matching scheme is compared. Finally, techniques analyzing the accuracy of the recovered elevation map (REM) are described. The analysis includes the error estimation for both height and contour lines, where the accuracy is based on the measurements of deviations from the estimates obtained manually. The experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed technique.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.161-163
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• 2004

This study concerns the constraints of English Poetic Fixed Meter. In English poems, the metrical pattern doesn't always match the linguistic stress on the lines. These mismatches are found differently among the poets. For the lexical stress mismatched with the weak metrical position, ${\ast}W{\Rightarrow}$ Strength is established by the concept of the strong syllable. The peaked monosyllabic word mismatched with weak metrical position is divided according to which side of the boundary of a phonological domain it is adjacent to. In most poets, ${\ast}$Peak] is ranked higher than ${\ast}$[Peak. In Shakespeare, Adjacency Constraint is ranked higher than ${\ast}$Peak].

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.27-44
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• 1996

The purpose of the thesis is providing a new formulation for the transit assignment problem. The existing models dealing with the transit assignment problem don't consider the congestion effects due to the insufficient capacity of transit vehicles. Besides, these models don't provide solutions satisfying the Wardrop's user equilibrium conditions. The congestion effects are considered to be concentrated at the transit stops. For the transit lines, the waiting times at the transit stops are dependent on the passenger flows. The new model suggests the route section cost function analogous to the link performance function of the auto assignment to reflect the congestion effects in congested transit network. With the asymmetric cost function, the variational inequality programming is used to obtain the solutions satisfying Wardrop's condition. The diagonalization algorithm is introduced to solve this model. Finally, the results are compared with those of EMME/2.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.41-45
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• 1995

Menu-driven interfaces are frequently employed for user -system interfaces on many electronic products. Due to the space and budget constraint, a single or multi-line display is used to show menu items. Single or Multi-line display present 8 .approx. 21 characters on an LCD screen and users select items using a series of button pushes. Multi-line displays are different from the single-line ones in the following aspects. First, they can present multiple menu items at the same time. Second, they can present menu items in a various way, for example, same-depth presentation, sub-depth presentation, previous selection, etc. In this study, a human factors experiment is being conducted to examine the effects of three independent variables on the design of a multi-line display. Factors investigated include menu structure, number of lines on the display, item presentation methodl. Usability of the multi-line display is being measured quantitatively in terms of four different aspects: task completion time, accuracy, inefficiency, user preference. A set of design guidelines will be drawn from this study which can be applied to usef-system interfaces of a various types of consumer products.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.121-124
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• 2004

This paper proposed the method of creating image mosaic in automated fashion. It is well known that geometric and radiometric balance in adjacent images should be maintained in mosaicking process. The seam line to minimize geometric discontinuity was extracted using Minimum Absolute­Gray-Difference Sum considering constraint condition in search width. To maintain the radiometric balance of images acquired at different time, we utilized Match Cumulative Frequency, Match Mean and Standard Deviation and Hue Adjustment algorithm. The mosaicked image prepared by the proposed method was compared with those of commercial software. Experiments show that seam lines were extracted significantly well from roads, rivers. ridgelines etc. and Match Cumulative Frequency algorithm was performed pretty good in histogram matching

• 전기의세계
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.107-110
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• 1975

This paper describes computational algorithms and a computer program for optimum determinations of wire conductor sizes of radial or tree-type distibution lones with given constraints. Here, The objective function is defined as the total summation of the volume or weight of respective conductor materials required for buildingup the entire distributing system. Four categories of constraints are applied to the obiective function. That is, on the respective load points constraint is imposed by a specified voltage drop limit, and the respective line elements are capable of carrying the current safely(safety current) and also must maintain the minimum thickness in viewpoint of mechanical strength and legal requirements. And finally, the conductor sizes have to be selected among the standardized size levels of the products. These kinds of optimization problems cannot be solved by the ordinary optimization tediniques such as the Linear Programming Method, SUMT Technique, etc. This paper, therefore, successfully devised the powerful alorithms to solve the problem, using the particular properties or characteristics ingerent to the radial or tree-type distribution system. The computer program developed from the algorithms was applied to several sample systems and shown to be exact and very efficient.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.541-553
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• 1995

An efficient algorithm is proposed for a buffer allocation in a continuous flow line. The problem is formulated as a non-linear programming with linear constraints. The concept of pseudo gradient and gradient projection is employed in developing the algorithm. Numerical experiments show that the algorithm gives the actual optimal solutions to the problems with single linear constraint limiting the total buffer capacity. Also, even in longer production lines, it gives quite good solutions to the problems with the general linear resource constraints within a few seconds.