• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.35C no.6
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• pp.99-108
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• 1998

In this paper, we proposed a multi-layer neural network for direct control method of nonlinear system. The proposed control method uses neural network as the controller to learn inverse model of plant. The neural network used consists of two parts; one part is for identification of linear part, and the other is for identification of nonlinear part of inverse system. The neural network has to be learned the liner part with RLS algorithm and the nonlinear part with error of plant. From the simulation and experiment of tracking control to use one link manipulator as plant, we proved usefulness of the proposed control method to comparing to conventional direct neural network control method. By comparing the two methods, from simulation and experiment, we were convinced that the proposed control method is more simple and accuracy than the conventional method. Moreover, number of weight and bias to be controller parameter are small, and it has smaller steady state error than conventional method.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.290-295
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of paracetic acid (PAA) and ozone disinfection on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of silicone-based resilient liners to acrylic resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred and twenty dumbbell shaped heat-polymerized acrylic resins were prepared. From the mid segment of the specimens, 3 mm of acrylic were grinded off and separated parts were reattached by resilient liners. The specimens were divided into 2 control (control1, control7) and 4 test groups of PAA and ozone disinfection (PAA1, PAA7, ozone1 and ozone7; n=10). While control groups were immersed in distilled water for 10 min (control1) and 7 days (control7), test groups were subjected to PAA (16 g/L) or ozone rich water (4 mg/L) for 1 cycle (10 min for PAA and 60 min for ozone) per day for 7 days prior to tensile tests. Measurements of the TBS were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. RESULTS. Adhesive strength of Mollosil decreased significantly by application of ozone disinfection. PAA disinfection had no negative effect on the TBS values of Mollosil and Molloplast B to acrylic resin. Single application of ozone disinfection did not have any negative effect on TBS values of Molloplast B, but prolonged exposure to ozone decreased its adhesive strength. CONCLUSION. The adhesion of resilient liners to acrylic was not adversely affected by PAA disinfection. Immersion in ozonated water significantly decreased TBS of Mollosil. Prolonged exposure to ozone negatively affects adhesion of Molloplast B to denture base materials.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.449-456
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sealing effect of several root-end filling materials using spectrophotometric analysis. 180 single root teeth with one canal were instrumented and canal filled. Root resected and root end preparation was made. Teeth were randomly classified to S experimental group(MTA, EBA, IRM, TCP, ZOE) and 1 control group according to root-end filling material MTA group used PRO ROOT MT A, EBA group used Super EBA. TCP group used NEW APATITE LINER TYPE II main component of which is ${\alpha}-tricalcium$ phosphate (TCP). According to manufacture's instruction experimental material was mixed and retrfilled. After 2% methylene blue solution penetration absorbance for each test sample was measured with spectrophotometer (JASCO UV-530, Japan). The mean absorbance of control and experimental group was as follows; MTA: 0.092, IRM: 0.226, Super EBA: 0.255, ZOE: 0.374, Control: 0.425, TCP: 0.501 and the result analyzed by Turkey test at P=0.05 level. Conclusions of this study are as follows; 1. The absorbance increase in following sequence MTA, IRM, Super EBA, ZOE, Control. TCP. 2. MTA showed the least leakage but was not significant with IRM or Super EBA and was significant with control or TCP(p<0.05). 3. TCP had the most leakage and was not significant with control group.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.212-218
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• 2013

In this paper, a linear motor piston amplitude estimator using phase lag filter has been implemented. In order to control the cooling capability of a refrigerator or an air conditioner in which liner compressors are applied, the piston speed should be controlled. The piston speed control can be obtained by adjusting the frequency or the stroke of linear motors. The dynamic performance of linear compressors depends on how accurately the stroke or the piston amplitude is estimated. A linear motor piston amplitude estimator using phase lag filter is proposed and the superior performance of our estimator is verified via some simulation studies.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.79-83
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• 2000

Although it is well known that fuzzy learning controller is powerful for nonlinear systems, it is very difficult to apply a learning method if they are unstable. An unstable system diverges for impulse input. This divergence makes it difficult to learn the rules unless we can find the initial rules to make the system table prior to learning. Therefore, we introduced LQR(Linear Quadratic Regulator) technique to stabilize the system. It is a state feedback control to move unstable poles of a linear system to stable ones. But, if the system is nonlinear or complicated to get a liner model, we cannot expect good results with only LQR. In this paper, we propose that the LQR law is derived from a roughly approximated linear model, and next the fuzzy controller is tuned by the adaptive on-line learning with the real nonlinear plant. This hybrid controller of LQR and fuzzy learning was superior to the LQR of a linearized model in unstable nonlinear systems.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.441-444
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• 2006

A lot of water is using in the paper mill for dilution, washing, sealing, and other process operation. As the regulation of water environment has been more tightened than ever before, water management in the paper mill becomes the most important task. Topics on reducing fresh water and increasing recycling water have been studied. Further, an interest in zero-effluent system has been increased. The pH of waste water in paper mill is usually weak acidic or neutral. The waste water in the paper mill includes water insoluble organic materials that are not easy to be dissolved in the water, inorganic materials that never react with water and chemical additives that are used to recycled fiber. This study investigated on the effect of various materials used in paper mill on COD. This data could be used to control the environmental load in paper mill. COD caused by raw materials and NBDCOD (Non Bio Degradable COD) after the activated sludge process are investigated in this study. Results obtained in this study can be used in a simulation program designed to control environmental load in the paper mill.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.50-64
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• 2004

The studies have been designed to evaluate the effect of wound healing of pulsed ultrasound and chitosan application in diabetic incisive wound of rats. Mild diabetes mellitus was induced in rat used 30 mg/kg streptozotocin. Full thickness skin incision was made on the backs of Sprague-Dawley rats. We used 72 Sprague-Dawley rats which were divided into 4 groups; the subjects were divided into group of 6 rats each 3, 6, and 15 days. The results were summarized as follows; The rate of wound length of pulsed ultrasound with chitosan application groups more decreased than only pulsed ultrasound treatment group. The density of inflammatory cells in the experimental groups was more significantly decreased than diabetic control group(p<0.05). Historically, in the ultrasound with chitosan application groups, reepithelized epithelium was thicker and the collagen fiber were organized in a liner manner and connective tissue was matured faster those of the diabetic control group(p<0.05). From the conclusions above, in this study application of pulsed ultrasound and chitosan can be an effective way of promotion of wound healing in diabetic model.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.898-907
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• 2017

This study was aimed to test harvest time effect with polyethylene (PE) film liner, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatments on fruit quality attributes in 'Sangjudungsi' persimmon fruit during cold storage. The fruits were harvested 10 days earlier in 2016 than the mature harvest time in 2015. The ethylene production was significantly lower in early harvested fruits than in mature harvested ones. Flesh firmness was maintained higher in 1-MCP treated fruit than in other treatments during cold storage. The rate of fruit weight loss was significantly inhibited by PE film liner treatment during storage, regardless of harvest time. 1-MCP treatment showed less change in fruit peel color variables ($L^*$ and $b^*$) from the calyx-end and equatorial regions during cold storage, compared with those from the control and PE film treatments. The incidence rate of fruit decay and softening was higher in PE film treated fruits than in the other treatments. However, there was no decay detected in AVG treated fruit. The early harvested fruits were maintained higher flesh firmness, compared with mature harvested fruits. Nevertheless, the mature harvested fruits showed much higher soluble solids content, the redness (Hunter a value) of the fruit peel and respiration rate, compared with early harvested fruits. Furthermore, the rate of weight loss in the fruit was remarkably inhibited in the PE film treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2005

The ultrasonic piezo motor is a new type motor that has an excellent performance and many useful features that electromagnetic motors do not have. But, it suffers from severe system non-linearities and parameter variations especially during speed control. Therefore, it is difficult to accomplish satisfactory control performance by using the conventional PID controller. In this paper, to achieve the precise control for linear type ultrasonic motor was analyzed as a function of response time and change with a driving time. Also, we propose controller that combines STEP controller and PD controller that have error of ${\mu}m$ about liner type ultrasonic motor.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.54-58
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• 2017

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS) is one of the powerful methods that enable analysis of small molecules as well as large molecules up to about 500,000 Da without severe fragmentation. MALDI-TOF MS, thus, has been a very useful an analytical tool for the confirmation of synthetic molecules, probing PTMs, and identifying structures of a given protein. In recent nuclear medicine, MALDI-TOF MS liner ion mode helps researcher calculate the average number of chelator(or linkage) per an antibody conjugate, such as DOTA-(or DFO-) trastuzumab for labeling a medical radioisotope. This simple technique can be utilized to improve the labeling method and control the quality at the development of antibody-based radiopharmaceuticals, which is very effected to diagnosis and therapy for in vivo tumor cells, with radioisotopes like $^{89}Zr$, $^{64}Cu$, and 177Lu. To minimize the error, MALDI-TOF MS measurement is repeatedly performed for each sample in this study, and external calibration is carried out after data collection.