• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2016

The linearization technique for low noise amplifier (LNA) has been implemented in standard $0.18-{\mu}m$ BiCMOS process. The MOS-BJT derivative superposition (MBDS) technique exploits a parallel LC tank in the emitter of bipolar transistor to reduce the second-order non-linear coefficient ($g_{m2}$) which limits the enhancement of linearity performance. Two feedback capacitances are used in parallel with the base-collector and gate-drain capacitances to adjust the phase of third-order non-linear coefficients of bipolar and MOS transistors to improve the linearity characteristics. The MBDS technique is also employed cascode configuration to further reduce the second-order nonlinear coefficient. The proposed LNA exhibits gain of 9.3 dB and noise figure (NF) of 2.3 dB at 2 GHz. The excellent IIP3 of 20 dBm and low-power power consumption of 5.14 mW at the power supply of 1 V are achieved. The input return loss ($S_{11}$) and output return loss ($S_{22}$) are kept below - 10 dB and -15 dB, respectively. The reverse isolation ($S_{12}$) is better than -50 dB.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2001

A structural test of the wind turbine rotor blade is to evaluate the uncertainty of design due to selection of material, design concepts, production processes and so on, and their possible impacts on the structural integrity. In the full-scale static strength test, the measuring parameters are strain and displacements vs. loads, weight and the center of gravity. In order to simulate the aerodynamics load, the three-point loading method is applied. There is slight difference between the measured results and the predicted results for the reference fiber volume fraction of 60% . However, the agreement between the measured results and the predicted results with the actual fiber volume fraction of 52.5% is good. Even though a slightly non-linearity from 80% loading to 100% loading exists, a linear static solution is sufficient for the design purpose due to te small amount of non-linearity. Comparison between measured and predicted strain results at the maximum thickness positions of the blade profile for 0.236R(5.56m), 0.493R(11.59m) and 0.574R(13.43m), under 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% loadings for the upper part of the blade. The predicted values are in good agreement with the measured values.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2016

In order to overcome the influence of system stability and accuracy caused by uncertainty, estimation errors and external disturbances in Eight-Rotor MAV, L2 gain control method was proposed based on interval type II fuzzy neural network identification here. In this control strategy, interval type II fuzzy neural network is used to estimate the uncertainty and non-linearity factor of the dynamic system, the adaptive variable structure controller is applied to compensate the estimation errors of interval type II fuzzy neural network, and at last, L2 gain control method is employed to suppress the effect produced by external disturbance on system, which is expected to possess robustness for the uncertainty and non-linearity. Finally, the validity of the L2 gain control method based on interval type II fuzzy neural network identifier applied to the Eight-Rotor MAV attitude system has been verified by three prototy experiments.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.483-492
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• 2009

소성영역에서 부재의 강성감소, 휨효과 및 잔류응력의 영향을 고려하면서 극한 한계상태에서 강골조의 거동을 평가하기 위해 개선 소성 힌지법을 이용하여 평면강골조의 비선형해석을 실시하고, 강접 및 반강접 평면강골조의 다양한 모델에 대한 수치해석을 통하여 거동을 평가하는데 목적이 있다. 그리고 상용프로그램을 이용한 해석결과를 이용하여 반강접율의 변화에 따른 골조의 거동을 분석한다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2
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• pp.731-734
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• 2002

This paper describes on the fabrication and characteristics of a ceramic thin-film pressure sensor based on Ta-N strain gauges for harsh environment applications. The Ta-N thin-film strain gauges are sputter deposited onto a micromachined Si diaphragms with buried cavity for overpressure protectors. The proposed device takes advantages of the good mechanical properties of single crystalline Si as diaphragms fabricated by SDB and electrochemical etch-stop technology, and in order to extend the operating temperature range, it incorporates relatively the high resistance, stability and gauge factor of Ta-N thin-films. The fabricated pressure sensor presents a low temperature coefficient of resistance, high sensitivity, low non-linearity and excellent temperature stability. The sensitivity is $1.097{\sim}1.21mV/V{\cdot}kgf/cm^2$ in the temperature range of $25{\sim}200^{\circ}C$ and the maximum non-linearity is 0.43 %FS.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.412-432
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics and the level of fourth grade elementary students' system thinking when they learn the unit of "Journey of Water" in terms of four key elements of system thinking such as understanding of the structure of a system, non-linearity and cyclic features, inter-relations and feedback between system properties, and temporal and invisible aspects of a system. Data included students' worksheets and their responses to a set of Likert-scaled and written assessment items on water cycle. The results showed that the level of students' system thinking did not have any hierarchy in relation to the key elements of water cycle system. In addition, the aspects of individual student's system thinking on its sub-elements were different from each other. Also, there were core ideas of system thinking which were intensively considered according to a given context to understand a complex systemic subject. When students learn water cycle, understanding of non-linearity and inter-relations were weaker compared with other key elements of system thinking. Therefore, if these two factors are taught in advance, it can promote understanding of whole system of water cycle.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.1386-1391
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 다이오드의 비선형 특성을 선형화하고 온도에 따른 특성 변화를 보상하는 방법에 대해 연구하였다. 입력전력에 대한 다이오드의 비선형성을 선형화학 위해 Square root 회로를 사용하였으며, 온도에 따른 다이오드의 특성변화를 보상하기 위해서는 2개의 동일한 다이오드와 기준전위를 가변시킬 수 있는 OP-Amp를 사용하였다. 그 결과로써, (Square root 회로와 온도보상회로를 이용하여) 설계된 다이오드 전력 검출기는 입력전력이 -6㏈m보다 큰 경우에 0.23$\pm$0.025 V/㏈m의 비율로 선형적으로 출력전력을 검출하였으며, 상온에서 8$0^{\circ}C$까지의 온도변화에 대해 출력전압의 변화없이 안정적으로 동작하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.524-530
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• 2011

This paper analyzes fault tolerance under a stator turn fault, according to the winding configuration. Improvement of torque characteristics and fault tolerance can be achieved by winding configuration without additional methods. And, torque characteristics and fault tolerance according to the winding configuration can be usually analyzed by analytical method. But, when the stator turn fault generates, compare to the steady-state, analysis of torque characteristics and fault tolerance using the analytical method is not accurate because it does not reflect influence in mutual inductance and magnetic non-linearity. Therefore, analysis of torque characteristics and fault tolerance has to be performed by using the numerical method under fault condition. This paper develops fault characteristics according to the winding configuration using the FEM-base model considered magnetic non-linearity. And, this paper suggests fault tolerance improvement according to the winding configuration, by the comparison of 8/12 and 10/12 models, under fault condition.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.86-90
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• 2012

Rb-82를 이용한 PET 검사는 심근 관류의 임상적 평가에 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 PET/CT의 dead time 때문에 count value와 방사능농도 사이의 직선성이 유지되지 않는다면 데이터를 획득할 때 좌심실 입력 함수가 과대평가되어 심근관류가 과대평가될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 리스트 모드에서 획득한 PET data에서 방사능농도에 따른 count value의 직선성을 평가하였다. Biograph 40 True Point PET/CT를 이용하여 직경 12 cm, 길이 10.5 cm의 cylindrical phantom에 F-18 333 MBq과 물 800 mL를 채우고 7반감기동안 10min frame/bed로 리스트 모드를 이용하여 획득하였다. Raw data는 OSEM (order: 4, subsets: 8)과 FBP (Gaussian filter FWHM 5 mm) 알고리즘을 이용하여 재구성하였다. Sinogram 정보에서 prompt counts, net true counts, random counts를 측정하였다. 재구성 된 phantom 영상에 ROI를 설정하여 총 계수와 background를 측정하고 background correction을 사용하여 count value를 측정하여 직선성을 평가하였다. 리스트 모드를 이용하여 sinogram에서 측정된 prompt counts는 방사능농도에 비례하여 증가하였다. 낮은 방사능농도에서 net true counts와 random counts는 방사능농도에 따라 증가하였다. 높은 방사능농도에서는 net true counts의 증가율이 점차 감소되었고, 반면에 random counts의 증가율은 증가하였다. 그리고 OSEM과 FBP 알고리즘으로 재구성된 영상에서 측정한 count value의 차이는 없었고 방사능농도에 비례하여 count value가 증가하고 직선성이 유지되었다. Biograph 40 True Point PET/CT scanner는 재구성된 영상에서 낮은 방사능농도뿐만 아니라 높은 방사능농도(~416.25 kBq/mL)에서도 측정 된 count value와 방사능농도 사이의 직선성이 유지되는 것을 보여주었다. 따라서 실험에서 사용한 PET/CT scanner는 Rb-82, N-13, O-15, F-18을 이용한 heart dynamic PET study에서데이터의 정량적 분석에 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2017

This paper describes the design and fabrication of a three-axis force sensor with parallel plate beams (PPSs) for measuring the calf force while a patient with a walking assist robot is walking. Current walking assist robots can't measure the weight of the patient's leg and the robot's leg which required for robot control. So, the three-axis force sensor in the calf link is designed and manufactured, it is composed of a Fx force sensor, a Fy force sensor and a Fz force sensor. The three-axis force sensor was designed using by FEM(Finite Element Method), and fabricated using strain-gages. The characteristics experiment of the three-axis force sensor was carried out respectively. The test results indicated that the repeatability error and the non-linearity error of three-axis force sensor was less than 0.04% respectively. Therefore, the fabricated three-axis force sensor in the calf link can be used to measure the patient's calf force in the walking assist robot.