• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2021

Objective : This study aimed to report the improvement of a patient with anorexia by treatment with Jinmu-tang (Hyunmu-tang) based on the disease pattern identification diagnostic system (DPIDS) of the Shanghanlun provisions. Methods : We evaluated the progress of symptoms, patient compliance, and presence of side effects after the patient was administered Jinmu-tang. The clinical response was estimated according to the number of meals a day, the size of meals, the number of complaints of abdominal pain in a week, and a Likert scale. Results : According to the DPIDS, the patient was diagnosed according to provision 316 with soyinbing. After administration of Jinmu-tang for 45 days, the number of meals a day and the size of meals increased, the number of complaints of abdominal pain in a week decreased, and the Likert scale score decreased from 3 to 0. Conclusions : This case report suggests that the word "腹痛" (abdominal pain) in the 316th Shanghanlun provision indicates anxiety about abdominal pain, which affected anorexia in this case.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2022

Purpose: This research aims to find the link between public service Distribution and individual job performance in the provincial municipality. Research design, data, and methodology: This is a quantitative approach study with a non-experimental and correlational design. The sample consisted of 140 employees appointed and hired by the provincial municipality of Huaraz. For data collection, Two questionnaires with an ordinal Likert-type scale and the Rho Spearman correlation coefficient were used to assess the link between the research variables., For Analysis: two questionnaires with an ordinal Likert-type scale and the Rho Spearman correlation coefficient were used to determine the connection between the research variables. Results: It was determined that both variables have a high degree of correlation (0.725), indicating a direct and significant relationship between the Distribution of public service and skill performance in the provincial municipality (0.614). Conclusion: Finally, this allows us to conclude that the institutional context is essential; that is, there is a significant correlation between the PSM and contextual performance in the provincial municipality of Huaraz, which has a Rho Spearman value of 0.723.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.440-450
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• 2009

The purposes of study were to survey the status of nutrition education in school and investigate the perception of nutrition teacher candidates concerning the direction and ideal method for nutrition education. A questionnaire was distributed to 554 nutrition teacher candidates from August to October, 2006. A total of 468 usable data were collected (84.5% response rate). The statistical data analysis was completed by using SPSS for Windows (ver. 10.0) for descriptive analysis, ANOVA and $X^2$-test. About 52% of respondents had nutrition education teaching experience. Half of the respondents indicated that the necessity for nutrition education stemmed from their own need for such education. The main problem in students' dietary life was 'the increasing intake of processed foods, instant foods and fast foods (4.23 out of Likert 5 point scale)' and the major nutritional problem was 'high calorie intake with low essential nutrients (3.96 out of Likert 5 point scale)'. Over half the respondents (53.4%) recommended that nutrition education be oriented towards behavioral change rather than knowledge delivery. Social learning theory was preferred mostly as an theory apt to nutrition education (60.3%) and the most effective means of education was referred to organizing the regular class for nutrition education (50.5%). The 'playing such as songs or game' was reported as both effective and realizable method in nutrition education.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2022

Objectives To compare the therapeutic effect of ultrasound guided soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy and unguided soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy on cervical facet joint of patient who have cervical pain caused by traffic accidents. Methods The study was planned as a retrospective study that analyzes the patient's medical records. We analyzed medical records of 20 patients with acute cervical pain caused by traffic accidents from April 1, 2022 to May 31, 2022. 10 patients (Group A) were treated ultrasound guided soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy on cervical facet joint, 10 patients (Group B) were treated unguided soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy on cervical facet joint. We used visual analogue scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) to evaluate improvements in cervical functions and pain, five point Likert scale to estimate patient's satisfaction. We used the IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 program (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) for statistical analysis. Results Group A showed a significant decrease in the VAS on the 5^th day of the soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy (p=0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference of VAS between two groups (p=0.142). Group A showed significant decrease in the NDI on the 5^th day of the therapy (p=0.002). Also, there was statistically significant difference on NDI between two groups (p=0.018). Difference of five point Likert scale between two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.407). Conclusions In patients of acute cervical pain caused by traffic accidents, ultrasound guided soyeom pharmacopuncture therapy on cervical facet joint showed significant efficacy on reduction of neck disability compared with unguided therapy.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to introduce the math-clinic programs which offer to engineering students and to compare the subject satisfaction between participants and non-participants. Five math-clinic programs are operated and 1397 students took part in this study. As a result, the Likert-type scales of satisfaction with three programs; the exercise problems solving class, the tutoring program and the achievement tests, were 4.07, 4.05 and 3.95, respectively(5-point Likert-type scale). And we found that the participants expressed higher subject satisfactions than nonparticipations did.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.820-830
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose was to develop a preliminary scale to measure Korean adolescents' health behaviors through a qualitative approach, to evaluate the scale psychometrically, and to develop a final scale. Methods: Participants were 61 adolescents for qualitative interviews and 1,687 adolescents for the psychometric evaluation. Procedure included content analysis of interviews to identify health behavior categories for Korean adolescents, pre-test to confirm that preliminary scale items were understandable, content validity by an expert panel, development of the web-based computer-assisted survey (CAS), and psychometric analysis to determine reliability and validity of the final scale. Results: A final scale was developed for both paper-and-pencil and CAS. It consisted of 14 health behaviors (72 items), including stress and mental health (10), sleep habits (5), dietary habits (12), weight control (4), physical activity (4), hygiene habits (5), tobacco use (5), substance use (2), alcohol consumption (4), safety (4), sexual behavior (9), computer use (3), health screening (4), and posture (1). Conclusion: The scale's strong points are: 1) Two thirds of the final scale items are Likert scale items, enabling calculation of a health behavior score. 2) The scale is appropriate to Korean culture. 3) The scale focuses on concrete health behaviors, not abstract concepts.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.156-169
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• 2015

Purpose: This study identified the reasons why tuberculosis (TB) patients withhold treatment in a bid to develop a assessment scale to select patients who needs nursing intervention in the early stage and decrease the risk of discontinuation of treatment. Sample: There were two samples. A sample of 191 patients with TB and having primary treatment and a second sample of N who were under re-treatment Methods: The study design included qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data were collected from in-depth interviews of TB patients under re-treatment. The quantitative data were collected from 191 patients with TB under primary treatment. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed 11 factors explaining 69.6% of total variance. These factors were categorized into four subgroups. A depression scale was used to establish concurrent validity. The depression scale had a positive relationship (r=54) with the discontinuing of primary treatment. The internal consistency reliability for the four subgroups was over .84. The confidence coefficient was Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ .95. The final scale was a self-reported four Likert scale including 50 items. Conclusion: Reliability and validity was established for the scale and the scale can be used to examine the risk of treatment discontinuation for TB. The scale is an important resource for nursing interventions in identifying and treating high risk clients.

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.191-204
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• 2009

The purpose of the current study was to validate the ECBQ (Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire) scale. Data were collected from the 39 teachers of 338 18- to 36-month-old toddlers (181 boys and 157 girls) in Korea. The ECBQ scale was composed of 201 items (7-point Likert scale) with three dimensions. Reliability of this study was confirmed by Cronbach ${\alpha}$'s for ECBQ subscales ranging from .76 to .81. The results of the Exploratory Factor Analysis identified three dimensions of ECBQ : activity-non activity, extraversion-attention, negative affectivity-transformation. Results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported the hierarchic model. There was a significant relationship between temperament and adjustment of infants. It was concluded that the ECBQ scale in general is acceptable for use in Korea.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2003

Purpose : The objective of this study was the development and validation of a scale to measure the self-care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in Korea. Method: Self-care scale was developed based on the self-care activities patients had to carry out in order to manage their COPD. The original scale contained 34 items rated along a five-point Likert scale and was reviewed by 18 professional nurses and 10 Korean patients with COPD for content validity. Subsequently, patients with COPD were asked to complete this 23-item scale and further tests were done with the 125 useable responses. Result: Factor analysis identified eight factors-'maintaining a clean air way', 'taking medication', 'support from family', 'preventing infection', 'managing symptoms', 'breathing exercising', and 'taking in nutrition'. The internal consistency of the total scale was Cronbach's α=0.7226. These eight factors explained 60.8% of total variance. There was correlation among Korean Self-Care Scale score, administration level, and knowledge level but there was no correlation to patients' satisfaction with medical services. Conclusion: The 23 item questionnaire positively identified 8 areas defined important for COPD patients. Further studies are required to see how these can be integrated into patient education.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.539-547
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• 2017

본 연구는 작업치료를 전공하는 학생을 대상으로 재난 및 외상 후 스트레스장애에 대한 인식 조사를 실시하여 그 결과를 향후 작업치료 교육에 필요한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 진행되었다. 전국에 있는 3년제와 4년제 대학의 작업치료과 재학생 545명에 대한 설문조사를 실시하여 연구를 진행하였다. 설문조사결과는 SPSS 19.0 win 프로그램을 활용하여 빈도 분석(Frequency analysis)을 통해 빈도백분율을 산출하였다. 분석된 설문자료의 검증을 위하여 카이제곱검정을 실시하였다. 설문항에 대한 Cronbach'alpha는 0.891이다. 조사결과에 의하면 작업치료를 전공으로 하고 있는 학습자의 약 20%가 외상 후 스트레스장애의 증상 및 발생기전 그리고 진단기준에 대해서 인지하지 못하였다. 산업재해를 통해 신체적인 손상뿐 아니라 외상 후 스트레스장애와 같은 정신적인 증상을 초래하는 근본적인 이유에 대한 지식은 Likert 5점 척도로 2.92로 충분하지 못했다. 재활치료를 효과적으로 하기 위해서 작업치료적인 측면에서 접근하는 교육을 실시하여야 하는가에 대해서는 Likert 5점 척도로 3.90으로 매우 중요하게 생각하였다. 재난에 대한 인지도간의 상관성보다 재난에 대한 교육의 필요성에 대한 Pearson 상관계수가 높게 나타났다.