• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.360-364
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• 2006

Recently KS documents related to lightning protection were revised complying with the requirements of IEC standards. Lightning protection parts are divided three in IEC, those are arrestor(60099), SPD(61643), and protection facilities(62305). According as international standard is applicable in Korea, type tests, routine tests, and acceptance tests shall be made to demonstrate compliance with the relevant standards. KESRI have installed test equipment which is funded by Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy fit for lightning surge test form 2002, and we introduce the test equipments in detail.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.212-216
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• 2000

ZnO varistors for distribution surge arrester (18kV, 5kA) were developed and tested microstructure and electrical characteristics. Microstructure of ZnO varistor was consisted of ZnO grain, spinel phase and Bi-rich phase. Average grain size of ZnO varistor was $\mu\textrm{m}$ Reference voltage and lightning impulse residual voltage of ZnO varistor exhibited a good haracteristics above 5.5kV and below 11.56kV, respectively. Consequently, discharge capacity which is the most important characteristics of ZnO varistor for surge arrester exhibited excellent properties above 70kA at twice high-current impulse test. Moreover, variation rate of reference voltage and lightning impulse residual voltage showed below 5% and 2% after high-current impulse test, respectively. Leakage current and watt loss of ZnO varistor will not increase during accelerated aging test at stress condition, such as 3.213kV/$115^{\circ}C$/1000h.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2014

Cascaded applications of surge protective devices(SPDs) are required in order to reduce the stress on the electrical and electronics equipment being protected, and the energy coordination between the cascaded SPDs is very important. This paper deals with the experimental results obtained from the installation conditions of full-scale SPDs. The energy coordination between the upstream Class I SPD and the downstream Class II SPD was measured using a $10/350{\mu}s$ impulse current due to direct lightning flashes. The distances between the cascaded SPDs were 3, 10, and 50m, and the maximum test current was 12.5kA. As a result, the energy sharing between cascaded SPDs was dependent on the voltage protection level of each SPD and the distance between two SPDs. An overview of how to select SPD ratings in applications of cascaded SPDs system was discussed based on the energy coordination between the two SPDs. The proposed test results for the energy coordination between two-stage cascaded SPDs can be used in effective applications of SPDs.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 E
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• pp.1642-1644
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• 1997

The simulation study of lightning faults reducing effects by the installation of surge arresters on the 154 kV transmission line is stated here. For the purpose of detailed simulation of arcing horn, a flashover model with dynamic characteristics of arcing horn gap was represented as a non-linear inductance which is controlled by EMTP/TACS(Electromagnetic Transient Program/fransient Analysis of Control Systems) switches. The back flashover inducing current was increased from 50 kA to 88 kA by the installation of surge arresters on the transmission line which has one ground wire and 20 ohms of tower footing resistances. The great advantage of surge arrester installation on one circuit of the double circuit transmission line is to prevent the simultaneous back flashover up to 190 kA.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.713-721
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• 2003

This paper analyzes the switching overvoltage occurred on 345kV underground power cable system as well as combined transmission system using EMTP. Cable length and closing time, preinsertion resistance have effect on switching overvoltage. Therefore, this paper analyzes the switching overvoltage occurred on conductor and sheath with change of those parameters. Specially, the cross bonding position becomes discontinuity point because of the difference between surge impedance of metal sheath and that of lead cable. Thus, the transmission and the reflection of traveling wave complexly occur at this connection point. According to these influences, voltage between sheath and earth as well as voltage between joint boxes rise. Time to crest point of switching overvoltage is longer than lightning overvoltage. Even though the voltage induced by switching surge is smaller than lightning surge, that voltage may have serious effect on the metal sheath. Therefore, this paper also analyses the reduction effect of switching overvoltage when the preinsertion resistance of circuit breaker is considered.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.503-505
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• 1995

The surge arrester plays a vital role in the protection of substation against transient overvoltages resulting from lightning surges and system switching operations. The proper selection and application of the surge arrester is an integral part of the process of substation equipment insulation level selection. The paper outlines the basic consideration in modeling the lightning stroke, the surge arrester, and the system to be protected. The paper discusses the results of various cases simulated using the alternative transient computer program to evaluate the separation effects.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.1018-1020
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• 1997

This paper is compared the configuration method of cable cover protection unit with respect to the lightning surge in 154kV underground transmission system. There are many methods of connecting CCPU, i.e, a conventional method, CIGRE method, inter-connection between sheath with grounding, and interconnection between sheath without grounding.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2006

To evaluate the change in protective levels of zinc oxide (ZnO) varistors after the surge absorption, this paper investigated the effects of the number of injection and amplitude of lightning surges on the life of ZnO varistors for low voltages. Leakage currents flowing through ZnO varistors subjected to the $8/20{\mu}s$ impulse currents under 60 Hz AC voltages were measured. The surge simulator system ECAT that can generate $8/20{\mu}s$ impulse currents with a peak short-circuit of 5 $[kA_p]$ was used. The ZnO varistor leakage current increases with exposure to impulse current, and the number of injection of $8/20{\mu}s$ impulse currents to breakdown was inversely proportional to the amplitude of the test current. Behaviors of ZnO varistor leakage currents were strongly dependent on the number of injection and amplitude of $8/20{\mu}s$ impulse currents. ZnO varistors degrade gradually when subjected to impulse current, and the resistive leakage current flowing through ZnO varistors subjected to the $8/20{\mu}s$ impulse currents under 60 Hz AC voltages was significantly increased after a certain number of injection that is dependent on the amplitude of the test impulse current. As a result, the life of ZnO varistors mainly depends on the amplitude and occurrence frequency of lightning surges.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.718-720
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• 2005

This paper analyses the transient phenomena against lightning surge on underground power cable systems. For analysis, several actual underground power cable systems are modeled using ATP. In lightning surge strokes, the various unbalanced conditions including the length of crossbonded lead, the breakdown of CCPU and distance unbalance are considered. This paper is expected to contribute the establishment of proper protection methods against transients on underground power cable systems.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.449-451
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• 2003

This paper examines the insulation coordination scheme of line and equipment in distribution system when the direct lightning surge strikes. The BIL that is applied in distribution system is not properly considered the performance and operation of arresters. Because of that, the high BIL is being used at partial system. This paper variously analyse the lightning overvoltage of line and equipment with earth of overhead grounding wire and installation types of arrester. Form these result, authors examine the rationality of BIL.