• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 64개 기준색을 사용한 다단계 벡터 오차 확산법에서 나타나는 밝은 영역에서의 색 자극 문제를 개선하는 방법을 제안하였다. 벡터 오차 확산법은 양자화 과정에서 입력 벡터와 기준색 벡터간의 기하학적 거리만을 이용하기 때문에 밝은 영역에서 어두운 기준색이 선택되는 색 자극이 발생한다 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 오차 보정된 입력 벡터의 채도를 계산하여 유채색과 무채색으로 나누고, 유채색일 경우 입력 벡터의 휘도를 이용하여 밝은 영역, 중간 밝기 영역, 어두운 영역으로 구분한다. 밝은 영역일 경우 60개 유채색 기준색중에서 입력 벡터와의 휘도차가 작은 N개의 후보 기준색을 구성한다. 최종 기준색을 선택할 때는 N개의 후보 기준색과 4개의 무채색 기준색중에서 오차 보정된 입력 벡터와의 최소 기하학적 거리를 가지는 기준색을 출력색으로 결정한다 실험 결과, 제안한 방법은 자은 영역에서 색 자극이 줄어들어 시각적으로 보기 좋은 결과를 보였다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to find oral health and eating attributes relating to the maxillary anterior teeth color and examine the meaning. Methods: This study aims to prepare the basic data of the teeth color by measuring analyze mode using the color of the maxillary anterior teeth(maxillary central incisor, lateral incisor, canine) of the dental patients as the dental colorimeter. Also, This researcher explained the purpose of this study to dental patients and got agreement of 111 patients(50 men and 61 women). We conducted the survey from 2 March to 25 May, 2015. So the color of total 333 teeth was examined, and eating habit attributes and oral health behaviors were researched. Results: Lightness(L) was significantly high in female compared to male(12, p<0.05), the more often intake of red pepper paste decreased(11, 13) lightness. and the brightness of the 31-40 age group was significantly higher(12, p<0.05) than the group under the age of 20. Red chroma(a) was significantly low in over 50 age group compared to the group under the age of 20(12, p<0.05), and the red chroma(a) of the "received periodic scaling" group was significantly lower(13, p<0.01) than the other group.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.955-963
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine effect of the application of different types of coffee on teeth stain during home bleaching. Methods : Twenty five premolars that were extracted within the past month and healthy without any signs of dental caries or restorations were collected and divided into five groups. The teeth of a control group were bleached everyday for two weeks, and the teeth of four experimental groups were bleached everyday for two weeks and then deposited respectively in four different types of coffee solution: brewed coffee, black coffee, coffee with sugar, and coffee with sugar and cream. Afterwards, the color of the teeth of the four experimental groups was checked by a shade pilot. Results : As a result, there were significant differences in the change of lightness and color according to the blending type with the lapse of time during home bleaching. Concerning changes in lightness and hue, there were the largest differences in the control group and the experimental group deposited in coffee with sugar and cream, followed by coffee with sugar, black coffee and brewed coffee. When the extent of change in lightness and hue was investigated after home bleaching, the experimental group deposited in coffee with sugar and cream was stained the least, and the experimental group deposited in brewed coffee was stained the most. Conclusions : In conclusion, the intake of coffee that is the cause of stain should be reduced during bleaching, and in case of having a cup of coffee, it's advisable to have coffee with cream.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.91-101
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• 1990

A field experiment was conducted to find out the effects of field productivity, variety and nitrogen rate on the yield, quality, chemical constituents and physical properties of burley cured leaf in three field with different productivity(Degree of field productivity: A ; high, B ; medium, C : low) during successive two years(1988~89). The yield and quality were remarkably lowered when nitrogen fertilizer being applied much in low productive field. As compared with Burley 21, KB101 showed high yield, particularly the yield of KB101 in low productive field was relatively high. The effect of nitrogen rate on the yield was somewhat different according to field productivity and production year. When the nitrogen fertilizer being applied above 22.5kg/10a, the added nitrogen had no effect on the yield. Total nitrogen content of cured leaf grown in low productive field was high while total alkaloid was low, therefore total alkaloid/total nitrogen ratio was remarkably low. The lightness, red and yellow color of cured leaf grown in low productive field was remarkably low. As compared with Burley 21, the contents of total alkaloid and total nitrogen and shatter resistance index of cured leaf was somewhat low, while the filling power, lightness, red and yellow color were slightly high. Total nitrogen content of cured leaf was increased remarkably by nitrogen addition, but total alkaloid was not increased though the nitrogen fertilizer being applied above 22.5kg/10a. The filling power and shatter resistance index of cured leaf grown in high nitrogen plot, and the lightness and yellow color were low while the red color was relatively high. It comes into question that the visual quality being increased as well as increment of yield and nitrogenous compounds by nitrogen addition in high productive field. In low productive field, it is considerable that nitrogen addition for high yield should be prohibited because it causes the decrement of yield and quality, on the contrary.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2015

본 연구는 배경의 밝기와 색상 자극의 크기에 따라 인지될 수 있는 색의 차이가 있을 수 있다는 가정아래, 배경의 밝기를 차등적으로 적용하여 $2^{\circ}$와 $10^{\circ}$에 해당하는 자극의 크기를 비교하는 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과, 배경의 밝기 및 실험 자극으로 사용된 Munsell 색상 속성의 조합에 따라 동일한 색상임에도 불구하고 colour를 각기 다르게 인지할 수 있다는 경향성을 볼 수 있었다. 실험 결과를 바탕으로 차후 대형 화면의 크기에서 모바일 크기의 화면으로 입력 영상이 전환 될 때 발생할 수 있는 색상 인지의 차이에 대해 본 실험 결과를 반영함으로써 모바일에서 가장 큰 이슈 중 하나인 전력 효율성이 반영 가능하며 2D 뿐만 아니라 3D나 홀로그램 영상처리 시 효과적인 입체 영상 재현 및 화질에도 기여할 수 있다.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제36S권1호
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• pp.38-50
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• 1999

현재 많은 칼라 장치는 다양한 방법으로 영상을 재현한다. 그러나 장치마다 재현된 색은 장치 사이의 색역차로 인해 원래의 색과 많은 차이로 보인다. 본 논문에서는 서로 다른 장치에서 동일한 색을 재현할 때 발생하는 색의 오차를 줄이기 위해 영상 의존 색역 사상 방벙을 제안하였다. 이 방법은 색역 사상시 휘도값 변화에 의해 일어나는 휘도값 변화를 보상하면서 채도값을 클리핑한다. 색역 사상시 중심점인 앵커점을 기존의 방법보다 낮게 설정함으로써 원 영상과 재현된 영상 사이에서의 색 오차를 줄였다. 또, 사상된 영상을 색대비를 높이기 위해 프린터 색역을 밝은 영역과 어두운 영역으로 나누어 다른 사상 방법을 사용하였다. 결과적으로 모니터에 나타난 영상의 색과 비슷하고 대비가 높은 영상을 프린터로 재현할 수 있었다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2012

Objectives : We investigated the skin properties on the periorbital region and cheek of Korean female according to age pattern by 7year based on Sang Go Cheun Jin Ron (上古天眞論) in So Moon (素問,) Methods : 49 Korean females, aged 21-56 years ($39.54{\pm}10.04$ years) were participated in this study. We measured the skin properties of periorbital region and cheek with SkinTouch (Amorepacific, Korea). Skin moisture, sebum, elasticity, lightness, roughness, area of wrinkle, depth of wrinkle were assessed. Results : Differences were noticed depending on the site and age. The level of moisture was higher on the eyelid than crow's feet. The level of lightness and elasticity were lower on the periorbital region than cheek. Skin lightness was highest on group1(under 28y) and lowest on group5(over 49y). Skin roughness was highest on group1(under 28y) and lowest on group4(over 42y under 49y). The level of wrinkle are was lowest on group1(under 28y) and highest on group 5(over49y). The level of wrinkle depth was lowest on group1(under 28y) and highest on group 4(over 42y under 49y). Conclusion : Unique aging pattern by 7 years of female is reflected to diverse skin properties of eyes. It can be possible to apply the theory on Sang Go Cheun Jin Ron (上古天眞論) to practical use in dermatology and cosmetic.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.250-257
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• 2007

Characteristics of color application indicated from Kirchsteigfeld is presented the various points of view to be preserved urban housing color. It had been handled as environmental color by view point of community and connectivity rather than color scheme of single housing. First, color to be consisted of basis for urban entirely as background color in urban housing complex has been indicated the bright and cheerful feelings and expressed to be introduced mostly from the single color system. Second, characteristics to be inhibited strongly from housing complex had been indicated by restricted four types of color, formulated the overall context and change through accent and the change from disposition of principal and the accessary of color scheme. In this case, it was not regular formulation, but as a whole category view, it could be provided by orderly regularity system strictly Particularly it had been applied as a whole for lightness change by single color, introduced the different color of building to be centered or remained by a visual point. This had been formed to introduction of color by stand points of housing group not introduction to color by sole concept of building. Third, emphasizing of morphologic feeling by using of difference of lightness, it could be indicated the mild and comfortable stereo-type sensibility from the overall types of housing, we could understand for formation of color code by lightness of slightly differences. Fourth, it had been taken the convenient adaptation method for maintenance of simple graphic system as a environmental color. It has considerable advantage for sustainability of color to indicate on finishing material, form and detail in architecture, as the sole separated color not to be complicated when to be painted over and again or managed continuously.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

본 연구는 일련의 방법을 조합하여 차선의 라인모델을 추출하는 과정을 제안한다. 첫째로, 호모그래피(homography)에 기반한 영상와핑(warping)을 통하여 영상내에서 차선영역내에 존재하는 픽셀들을 검출하기 용이하도록 변환하는 것을 제안한다. 두 번째로, 에지검출과 HSL (Hue, Saturation, and Lightness) 변환을 이용하여 차선후보픽셀들을 안정적으로 추출하는 방법을 제안한다. 세 번째로, 선택영역을 활용하는 방법을 통하여 차선후보픽셀들 중에서 오류픽셀들을 제거하는 방법을 제안한다. 네 번째로, 차선픽셀들을 이차다항식 함수로 모델링하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법의 유효성을 검증하기 위하여, 다양한 조명조건과 노이즈 하에서 취득한 차량용 블랙박스영상을 이용하였다. 실험결과는 제안한 방법은 색상이나 에지만을 기반으로 하는 방법들에서 나타나는 문제점들을 극복하고 비교적 저가의 컴퓨팅 환경하에서 다양한 조건의 영상에 대하여 프레임 당 약 0.6초 이내에 차선픽셀들을 추출하고 차선라인모델을 생성할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.589-598
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• 2021

White strains of Hypsizygus marmoreus are more difficult to cultivate than are brown strains; therefore, new white strain breeding strategies are required. Accordingly, we constructed the genetic map of H. marmoreus with 1996 SNP markers on 11 linkage groups (LGs) spanning 1380.49 cM. Prior to analysis, 82 backcrossed strains (HM8 lines) were generated by mating between KMCC03106-31 and the progenies of the F1 hybrid (Hami-18 × KMCC03106-93). Using HM8, the first 23 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of yield-related traits were detected with high limit of detection (LOD) scores (1.98-9.86). The length, thickness, and hardness of the stipe were colocated on LG 1. Especially, length of stipe and thickness of stipe were highly correlated given that the correlation coefficients were negative (-0.39, p value ≤ .01). And a typical biomodal distribution was observed for lightness of the pileus and the lightness of the pileus trait belonged to the LG 8, as did traits of earliness and mycelial growth in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Therefore, results for color traits can be suggested that color is controlled by a multi-gene of one locus. The yield trait was highly negatively correlated with the traits for thickness of the stipe (-0.45, p value ≤ .01). Based on additive effects, the white strain was confirmed as recessive; however, traits of mycelial growth, lightness, and quality were inherited by backcrossed HM8 lines. This new genetic map, finely mapped QTLs, and the strong selection markers could be used in molecular breeding of H. marmoreus.