• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.47-52
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• 2013

The problems of light pollution first became an issue in the 1970s when astronomers identified the degradation of the night sky due to the increase in lighting associated with development and growth. As more impacts to the environment by lighting have been identified, many attempts have been made for reducing light pollutions. To prevent light pollution and increase energy efficiency, Seoul Metropolitan Government(SMG) replaced metal halide road lighting to LED luminaire in four arterial highway in Seoul. The present study compared the lighting characteristics of metal halide and LED luminaire in terms of Korea Standard for road lighting(KS A 3701) and BUG rating from Illuminating Engineering Society of North America(IESNA). The results showed that LED luminaire increased road surface luminance up to 2 times in average compared to the metal halide environment. Also, LED luminaire reduced the glare value by 2 times and luminous flux over 50% than the metal halide luminaire. In comparison with the BUG ratings, LED luminaire rated 1 degree lower for the backlight ratings and 3-4 degrees lower for the uplight ratings. The measured values testified that the LED luminaire is effective for roadway lighting and light pollution reduction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.6-14
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• 2013

The position of the light source, illuminance distribution, and color temperature were evaluated in each lighting environment for the three main activities in a living room - 'watching TV,' 'reading' and 'relaxing.' In 'watching TV', the experiment was done to estimate the degree of comfort felt by the subjects when they watch static video and moving video, respectably, with different ambient brightness, with or without partial lighting above the TV set, and with different color temperatures. In 'reading', the comfortableness was estimated by the illuminance ratio of the ambient lighting to the lighting for reading and by the difference in color temperature. And in 'relaxing', the comfortableness was estimated by means of the ambient brightness, use/no use of a relaxing lamp, and color temperature. This experiment determined the general satisfaction for each visual act and the optimum lighting environment to reduce glare.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.4
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• pp.27-30
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• 1995

This study suggests the optimum interior environment by projecting the criteria to design the living space light-ing that select the lighting environment among the sever-al environmental factors that influenced on the human perception. As a correspondance between the visual perception and the lighting, visual perception process, vision system, and visual perception system are investigated to compre-hend the lighting, and then conceptual contour of the lighting environments are presented which are transmit-ted the visual informations. As a lighting factors which are influenced on the visu-al perception, light source color is analized. Foundationally, the effect of the lighting methods and the techniques are investigated, and the changes of the lighting methods which influences on the space perception are examined through the previous results. As the changing the light sources color, the changing the subjective feelings of space perception through the ex-periment. This study is concluded with the proposition of the ef-fective lighting and the importance of the lighting envi-ronment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

This study investigated current status of lighting environment, residents' awareness of lighting and lighting use according to behavior in the living room of apartment to determine current lighting trends and their related problems. The living rooms of newly-built apartment units(133~165[$m^2$] and larger than 166[$m^2$] within the past five years) were examined. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Resident satisfaction with current living room lighting was the highest in 'illumination' and the lowest was 'energy savings' regardless of the size of living room. 2. This kind of ceiling lighting layout, 133~165[$m^2$] unit used central lighting and larger than 166[$m^2$] units used central lighting and cove lighting. Regarding light sources, 133~165[$m^2$] linear FL, halogen, larger than 166[$m^2$] bulb-type FL are widely used. LED are now being found in the living room corridor and kitchen walls of newly-built apartment houses. 3. Watching TV and reading books were commonly behaved in the living room. Conversations between family, having desserts, resting, housekeeping, and entertaining were usually done weekdays, while having desserts and conversations between family were done weekends. Use of lighting as main behaviors is properly and differently required due to the distinct uses of lighting as residents' behaviors or their life style.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

The experimental study of the white LED lighting focused on the readability in interior space according to age group is conducted realizing importance of the lighting environment and necessity of lighting study depending on the user situation. The results of study represent that a teenager does not show sensitive reaction to change of the color temperature and illuminance. The people in 20s and 30s prefer neutral white LED lighting and are very sensitive to change of the light environment. The people in 50s and 60s prefer high illumination and cool white LED lighting series. People of all ages highly appraise 6000K of 700 lux and 4000K in the illuminance range of 700 lux to 1000 lux for readability. The white LED lighting of color temperature 4000K is estimated as a suitable environment for readability in a wide range of illumination.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.8-17
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• 2012

Unlike traditional lightings, LED lighting is one of objects that sends user an emotional segments through brightness control from various color temperature and dimming control. Also, within present interior lighting environment, emotional researches about traditional fluorescent lamp and newly implemented LED lighting environment are in active progress. Despite the fact adjectives describing emotions and scale modeling have been repeatedly used in many cases for a long time, there seems to be a lack of results in reliability, and there is a limitation for applying into actual lighting design. The purpose of this study is to construct an actual sized test-bed, which is used to draw out one's emotional words of behavior patterns from inner emotional experiences about lighting environment in an office space. Also, having fluorescent lamp and LED lighting as the main test subjects, we have tested emotional parts according to the changes of color temperature and adjective vocabularies chosen from user's action, and we have compared and analyzed the drawn out data. Also, having fluorescent lamp and LED lighting as the main test subjects, we have tested emotional parts according to the changes of color temperature and adjective vocabularies chosen from user's action, and we have compared and analyzed the drawn out data.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.9-14
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• 2005

In this study, we investigated the actual conditions of illumination environment of study rooms in detached houses. From the results, fluorescent lamp as a lighting source and direct lighting method were mainly used. The additional use of local lighting was 48.2[%], and it was not efficient for detailed work. The average illuminance of general lighting and local lighting were 131.41[lx] and 322.57[lx], respectively, and these level were only 54[%] of the lowest illumination standard. This indicates that the lighting levels and the environment are so poor. The satisfaction level of users, however, was relatively high, suggesting insufficient recognition of importancy of lighting for efficient work.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.05b
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• pp.99-104
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• 2011

Daylighting system is an alternative to the energy crisis and environment change. And it is possible improvement system of Architectural Space Environment. Accordingly, it is very useful system. Because Daylight Duct System of Daylighting System gives high performance for its price, distribution rate is very high. But Daylighting Duct System is hard to accurate control. Accordingly, it is difficult to maintain continuously Daylight Environment in Interior Spaces. Lighting Diffusion System has been developed that it is Applying the principle of Reflector and prism diffuser for maximize the efficiency of lighting of Daylight Duct Systems through this study. And then compare lighting performance of Existing System and new Lighting Diffusion System through producing a mock-up. Thus, this study was carried out for the purpose of verification for excellence. It is that installed Each Daylighting Duct System for performance evaluation in a laboratory of width 4m, length 10m, height 2.5m. And illuminance was measured at noon on winter solstice(December 22) under clean sky. The actual measurement result was in the following. Newly developed lighting Diffusion system was measured maximum illuminance 399, minimum illuminance 221, average illuminance 141. Synthetically, daylight factor, uniformity factor and illuminance distribution were improved more than existing system. As a result, it was confirmed that was improved lighting Environment in Interior Spaces.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2007

Development of performance assessment model of lighting environment is promoting to improve indoor lighting Quality. Therefore, the extraction of performance assessment items of lighting environment must precede a model development. This paper analyzes the certification standards on the Green Building for the extraction\ of assessment items. The purpose of this paper is the extraction of assessment items as fundamental data for the development of performance assessment model of lighting environment.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.237-241
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• 2006

The Qualitative improvements of outdoor spaces are unsatisfactory in comparison with that of indoor environment in existing apartments. Lately construction companies are differentiating the outdoor spaces of apartment complexes to meet needs of residents. However, high-rise buildings inherently have limitations on providing exposure to the outdoor settings and inappropriate lightings could have serious impacts on physical and psychological health of residents. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide useful information for the luminous environment of outdoor spaces through the analysis of current apartment complexes' lighting plans. Outdoor space of branded apartment complexes in Seoul, built after the year 2003, were researched. Through site visits, illumination level and lighting plans were investigated classified into entry area, passage area, plaza, rest area, exercise area, and play area. With the result, illumination level of apartment complexes researched was lower than KS illumination standard in all areas and the lighting plans were mostly shown in different condition of first intended lighting plan because of insufficiency of maintenance in lighting system. Therefore, it is need to provide better luminous environment to make outdoor space more lively and energetic at the night time.