• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.40
• /
• pp.28.1-28.2
• /
• 2018

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.788-799
• /
• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the effect of mordants on the dyeability colorfastness to light and to laundering and biological properties of mordanted and natural-dyed cotton and silk substrates. Natural red dyes were extracted from Caesalpinia Sappan L. (Sappan wood) and Rubia Akane Nakai (Madder) by boil water Five different compounds of Al, Cr, Cu, Fe and Sn were used as mordanting agents. The result of this study are sumarized as follows ; 1. In the of the fabrics mordanted and dyed with sappan wood K/S value increases and λmax shifts to the longer wavelength as mordant concentration increases. Color of the fabrics dyed with sappan wood and madder change to redder bluer and lighter after mordanting. 2. As the number of repetition of dyeing-mordnating process increase the color of the dyed fabrics tend to be redder bluer and darker. Mordanted dyes with Al and Sn make chroma increase. The quantity of mordant absorbed in the silk fabric increase as mordant concentration increase. More Fe is absorbed in silk than Cr is. 3. After being exposed to light the fabrics dyed with sappan wood and madder change to less red Fe and Cu mordanting yeild better colorfastness to light than others does. Natural-dyed fabrics exposed to light tend to be faded and whitened in CIELAB chromaticity co-ordinates. So we might trace back the original color of ancient faded fabrics by changes in color of natural dyes. 4. After washing the colors of natural dyes change to more blue, Fe and Cu mordanting give better colorfastness to wash than others do. 5. The soil-burial cotton is more susceptible to mildew and rot than the silk is. Antimicrobial activity of the natural-dyed cotton can be enhanced by Cu and silk can be enhanced by Cu and Cr mordanting respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.12-16
• /
• 1967

Fading of Chlorantine Fast Red 5B (C.I. Direct Red 81) on cotton fabric exposed to carbon are light was examined. It was observed that the dye had anomaly in CF curve slope, while normal in CFG one. Auther considered that the reason for discrepancy of the one with the other curve slope might be appeared from Weber-Fechner law, and derived following equation $F_v=[logC_0-log(C_0-C_0F_t/100)]{\times}100/(logC_0+b)$ where $F_t$; the proportion of dye faded after t hour exposure. $F_v$; the proportion of dye faded after t hour exposure, when a pattern is judged by visual method $C_0$; initial dye concentration. b; constant. also, the reason for increasing lightfastness with dye concentration was discussed on view of the above equation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.1727-1734
• /
• 2013

Synthesis and characterization of some novel symmetric bis-azospiropyrans are reported in this study. These bis-azospiropyrans are bifunctional chromophores with two spiropyrans linked by a bis-azo extended aromatic system that produce more color strength (large molar absorption coefficient in mero forms) due to appending two azospiropyran chromophores on one molecule. Comparing to the molar absorption coefficients of the conventional spiropyran chromophores (${\varepsilon}=0.31{\times}10^4\;M^{-1}{\cdot}cm^{-1}$) and mono-azospiropyran chromophores ($1.35{\times}10^4\;M^{-1}{\cdot}cm^{-1}$), the novel synthesized photochromes showed astonishingly increased molar absorption coefficients ($2.3-3.8{\times}10^4\;M^{-1}{\cdot}cm^{-1}$) at the same conditions. Such high molar absorption coefficients confers high sensitivity to light and more color intensity of mero form, that leads to improvement of their light sensitivity and better discrimination of spiro (OFF) form from mero (ON) ones in molecular switches. The structures were deduced from their MS, FT-IR, and $^1H$-NMR spectroscopic data and CHN analysis. All the synthesized photochemically bifunctional compounds revealed fluorescent emission in their colorless form which was faded out after exposing to UV light. Fluorescence quantum yield values of the mero forms were 0.25-0.81 and two high fluorescence quantum yield values (0.60 and 0.81) were found in these series.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.31 no.5 s.164
• /
• pp.659-669
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degradation of silk fabrics dyed with gardenia and sappanwood by Ultraviolet Light(UV). To asses the effect of uv on dyed silk fabrics, physical and chemical properties of samples were explored. K/S value rapidly decreased with increasing exposure time. Mordanting improved ultraviolet-cut ability and the sappanwood dyed samples were superior to those of gardenia dyed in ultraviolet-cut ability. Color progressively faded away as uv exposure time increased, accordingly, $L^*,\;a^*,\;b^*$, H/VC, ${\Delta}E$ were changed. Morphological change observed with SEM represented degradation of silk fabrics from the outer fibril to the inner fibril. Tensile Strength abruptly decreased as uv exposure time increased and the mordanted samples showed higher tensile strength than the unmordanted. FT-IR analysis confirmed that main peaks at 3297 and $1704cm^{-1}$ band for silk fabric were due to N-H and C=O stretching, gardenia peaks at 1654 and $668cm^{-1}$ band representing C=O(ester), C=C(alken) and O-C=O(carboxylic acids) of crocin and sappanwood peaks at $1715cm^{-1}$ band representing C=O(cyclic keton) of brazilin appeared on the samples exposed for 14 days, but these peaks indicating colorants after 28 days of uv exposure faded away due to prolonged exposure of uv.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.34
• /
• pp.109-120
• /
• 1997

The conservation of collections in muse-ums is an important aspect for our her-itage. The control of museum environment is a vital factor in the preservation of cool-lections. Inappropriate or fluctuating envi-ronmental conditions can cause irreparable damage to works of arts. In this research we investigated the ac-tual conditions of museum environment for old testiles using questionnaire and mea-sured dye fasing of old textiles on exhibi-tion for 2 months in a university museum the major results are as follows: 1. The control of temperature and rela-tive humidity is a vital factors I the preservation of old textiles in museum generally acceptable temperature and rel-ative humidity standards for old textiles are 18-23$^{\circ}C$ and 50-65% R. H and light level for textiles on exhibition should be limited to 30-50 lux. 2, In university museums the limate control system in exhibition and storage area is in an early stage. Therefore to minimize the deterioration of old textiles the best method of controlling the envi-ronment is to have centralized climate control system in sorage area as well as in display area. 3. Conservator is needed to maintain collections scientifically. Only professional conservator by combining scientific tech-nical and artistic training has the exper-tise needed to maintain the physical in-tegrity of old textiles. In order to solve the inferior environment of museums the staff should recognize the importance of the condition of exhibition and storage. 4. Old textiles are susceptible to damage by light and associated heat. Dyed textiles which have been exhibited under the light without any UV filter were faded notice-ably within two months of exhibition. Light levels for textiles on exhibition should be limited to 30-50 lux. It is de-sirable to use special light source that can absorb UV. and UV filter is also recom-mended to reduce photodegradation of old textiles.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.275-280
• /
• 1995

The formation of osmiophilic globules related to the granal lysis has been investigated with a shade plant ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) exposed to full sunlight. The changes of chloroplast were examined as a function of time over 9 days under full sunlight exposure. The ultrastructure of ginseng leaf showed swelling of the granal thylakoid during an early stage of the light exposure. The thylakoid membrane faded and small electron-opaque dots were aggregated on the edges of the granal thylakoid membrane when the exposure time was increased over 1 day. Then, the sahpe of the grana changed into round. After the exposure over 3 days, there appeared many osmiophilic globules with multi-lamellated concentric structure. The globules at this stage were partly accumulated with osmiophilic substances. The outermost membrane of these multi-lamellated osmiophilic globules was attached to the stromal thylakoid membrane connecting to the deforming grana. The osmiophilic globules were elongated after 9 days. In this stage, the multi-lamellated structure was difficult to identify due to severe accumulation of osmiophilic substances. The number of the osmiophilic globules also increased along with the full sunlight exposure time. This observation leads us to believe that the multi-lamellated osmiophilic globules came from the deformation of grana.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.506-508
• /
• 2002

Photodynamic therapy using topical 5-ALA has been used for non-melanoma skin cancers. Recently, the therapeutic method using incoherent light brought beneficial result in the treatment for mycosis fungoides. We used ALA-PDT for two Japanese patients suffering from lymphadenosis benigna cutis. In both cases, lesions were markedly faded and histologically, the number of infiltrated cells also decreased. We suggest that ALA-PDT can be used as an effective and safe modality in the treatment of benign cutaneous lymphoma.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.263-269
• /
• 1990

Aqueous solution pigment produced by Steptomyces californicus KS-89 showed a vivid bluish purple pigment and purified by silica gel column chromatography. The pigment indicated a deep purple color zone by the C. I. E chromatic diagram and showed UV absorption maxima at 575nm. The color intensity in aqueous solution was fairly stable in the ranges of pH5-8 and was not affected by UV light however sometimes it had faded slightly by the heat. It was possible to prevent significantly by the addition of metal salt. Especially this pigment has no mutagenicity and antitumor activity and it appears to be devoid of antibiotic activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2023.01a
• /
• pp.399-402
• /
• 2023

본 논문에서는 빛에 영향에 따른 유화의 변화를 보여주기 위해 2D 이미지 재조명과 색채변화를 반영한 회화적 렌더링 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법은 2D 이미지를 재조명하고 해당 음영 값을 가중치로 하여 색채변화를 반영해 렌더링한다. 이때 재조명의 경우 2D 이미지를 3D 이미지로 근사 추정하여 노말값을 결정하고 해당 값과 조명 위치값 사이의 각을 음영 값으로 추출하여 반영한다. 조명 위치는 사용자가 지정 가능하며 빛에 영향에 따른 색채변화 결과는 기존에 연구된 결과를 참조한다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 로컬 이미지에 근사한 자동 회화적 렌더링이 보여주는 단순하고 평면적인 결과에 비해, 재조명을 통해 빛바랜 색과 양감을 반영함으로써 현실에 존재하는 작품처럼 생동적이고 입체적인 렌더링 결과를 제공하여 문화예술작품으로의 표현 및 색채변화 예측-복원에 기여하고자한다.