• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1776-1784
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• 2017

There are two types of WSN(wireless sensor networks) in terms of sensor node's capability, that is, homogeneous or heterogeneous WSN. Even though the latter has better performance than the former, it requires some overhead for deploying nodes or clustering the network. In this paper, we propose a new scheme, called VHS(Virtual Heterogenous Sensor-Network), which uses a homogeneous WSN regarding energy in a heterogeneous way. The proposed scheme's performance has been evaluated and compared with other homogeneous schemes by simulation. The results are shown to be better than the other existing homogeneous schemes used in a sample sensor network application.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.28-34
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• 2008

This paper reports the problem in the previous routing protocol, EAR, and proposes an energy aware routing protocol to solve the problem in it. Proposed routing protocol considers the number of hops, the possibility of node exhaustion, and the node energy amount at the same time from the source to the sink. Thereby, it could efficiently solve the potential network separation problem and the sensing hole problem in EAR. Proposed routing protocol could remove the problems in the previous routing protocols but it still gets the advantages in them.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.292-300
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• 2008

In multi-hop wireless networks like Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), nodes often rely on batteries as their power source. In such cases, energy efficient routing is critical. Many schemes have been proposed to find the most energy efficient path, but most of them do not achieve optimality on network lifetime. Once found, the energy efficient path is constantly used such that the energy of the nodes on the path is depleted quickly. As an alternative, the approaches that dynamically change the path at run time have also been proposed. These approaches, however, involve high overhead of establishing multiple paths. In this paper, we first find an optimal multi-path routing using LP. Then we apply an approximation algorithm to derive a near-optimal solution for single-path routing. We compare the performance of the proposed scheme with several other existing algorithms through simulation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2019

A wireless sensor network is emerging technology and intelligent wireless communication paradigm that is dynamically aware of its surrounding environment. It is also able to respond to it in order to achieve reliable and efficient communication. The dynamical cognition capability and environmental adaptability rely on organizing dynamical networks effectively. However, optimally clustering the cognitive wireless sensor networks is an NP-complete problem. The objective of this paper is to develop an optimal sensor network design for maximizing the performance. This proposed Ranking Artificial Bee Colony (RABC) is developed based on Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) with ranking strategy. The ranking strategy can make the much better solutions by combining the best solutions so far and add these solutions in the solution population when applying ABC. RABC is designed to adapt to topological changes to any network graph in a time. We can minimize the total energy dissipation of sensors to prolong the lifetime of a network to balance the energy consumption of all nodes with robust optimal solution. Simulation results show that the performance of our proposed RABC is better than those of previous methods (LEACH, LEACH-C, and etc.) in wireless sensor networks. Our proposed method is the best for the 100 node-network example when the Sink node is centrally located.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.93-99
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• 2021

The sensor networks should be appropriately designed by applied network purpose, so that they can support proper application functions. Based on the design of suitable network model, the network lifetime can be maximized than using other general strategies which have not the consideration of specific network environments. In this paper, we propose a non-deterministic agent scheme to the mobile sink in distributed wireless sensor networks. The sensor network area can be divided into several sensor regions. Hence, to these such networks, the specified suitable scheme is requested by the applied network model to implement satisfactory network management. In this paper, we theoretically represent the proposed scheme, and provide the evaluation with the simulation results.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.169-178
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• 2023

Wireless sensor network is wieldy use for IoT application. The sensor node consider as physical device in IoT architecture. This all sensor node are operated with battery so the power consumption is very high during the data communication and low during the sensing the environment. Without proper planning of data communication the network might be dead very early so primary objective of the cluster based routing protocol is to enhance the battery life and run the application for longer time. In this paper we have comprehensive of twenty research paper related with clustering based routing protocol. We have taken basic information, network simulation parameters and performance parameters for the comparison. In particular, we have taken clustering manner, node deployment, scalability, data aggregation, power consumption and implementation cost many more points for the comparison of all 20 protocol. Along with basic information we also consider the network simulation parameters like number of nodes, simulation time, simulator name, initial energy and communication range as well energy consumption, throughput, network lifetime, packet delivery ration, jitter and fault tolerance parameters about the performance parameters. Finally we have summarize the technical aspect and few common parameter must be fulfill or consider for the design energy efficient cluster based routing protocol.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1706-1727
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• 2023

Under Water Sensor Networks (UWSN) has gained attraction among various communities for its potential applications like acoustic monitoring, 3D mapping, tsunami detection, oil spill monitoring, and target tracking. Unlike terrestrial sensor networks, it performs an acoustic mode of communication to carry out collaborative tasks. Typically, surface sink nodes are deployed for aggregating acoustic phenomena collected from the underwater sensors through the multi-hop path. In this context, UWSN is constrained by factors such as lower bandwidth, high propagation delay, and limited battery power. Also, the vulnerabilities to compromise the aquatic environment are in growing numbers. The paper proposes an Energy-Efficient standalone Intrusion Detection System (EEIDS) to entail the acoustic environment against malicious attacks and improve the network lifetime. In EEIDS, attributes such as node ID, residual energy, and depth value are verified for forwarding the data packets in a secured path and stabilizing the nodes' energy levels. Initially, for each node, three agents are modeled to perform the assigned responsibilities. For instance, ID agent verifies the node's authentication of the node, EN agent checks for the residual energy of the node, and D agent substantiates the depth value of each node. Next, the classification of normal and malevolent nodes is performed by determining the score for each node. Furthermore, the proposed system utilizes the sheep-flock heredity algorithm to validate the input attributes using the optimized probability values stored in the training dataset. This assists in finding out the best-fit motes in the UWSN. Significantly, the proposed system detects and isolates the malicious nodes with tampered credentials and nodes with lower residual energy in minimal time. The parameters such as the time taken for malicious node detection, network lifetime, energy consumption, and delivery ratio are investigated using simulation tools. Comparison results show that the proposed EEIDS outperforms the existing acoustic security systems.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.247-268
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• 2011

Due to the application-specific nature of wireless sensor networks, the sensitivity to such a requirement as data reporting interval varies according to the type of application. Such considerations require an application-specific, parameter tuning paradigm allowing us to maximize energy conservation prolonging the operational network lifetime. In this paper, we propose a reporting interval adaptive, sensor control platform for energy-saving data gathering in wireless sensor networks. The ultimate goal is to extend the network lifetime by providing sensors with high adaptability to application-dependent or time-varying, reporting interval requirements. The proposed sensor control platform is based upon a two phase clustering (TPC) scheme which constructs two types of links within each cluster - namely, direct link and relay link. The direct links are used for control and time-critical, sensed data forwarding while the relay links are used only for multi-hop data reporting. Sensors opportunistically use the energy-saving relay link depending on the user reporting, interval constraint. We present factors that should be considered in deciding the total number of relay links and how sensors are scheduled for sensed data forwarding within a cluster for a given reporting interval and link quality. Simulation and implementation studies demonstrate that the proposed sensor control platform can help individual sensors save a significant amount of energy in reporting data, particularly in dense sensor networks. Such saving can be realized by the adaptability of the sensor to the reporting interval requirements.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.2 s.46
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• pp.141-150
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• 2007

This paper proposes how to reduce the amount of data transmitted in each sensor and cluster head in order to lengthen the lifetime of sensor network. The most important factor of reducing the sensor's energy dissipation is to reduce the amount of messages transmitted. This paper proposed is to classify the node's cluster state into 6 categories in order to reduce both the number and amount of data transmission: Initial, Cluster Head, Cluster Member, Non-transmission Cluster Head, Non-transmission Cluster Member, and Sleep. This should increase the efficiency of filtering and decrease the inaccuracy of the data compared to the methods which enlarge the filter width to do more filtering. This method is much more efficient and effective than the previous work. We show through various experiments that our scheme reduces the network traffic significantly and increases the network's lifetime than existing methods.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.571-581
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• 2022

Wireless sensor networks use the concept of connected dominating sets that can form virtual backbones for effective routing and broadcasting. In this paper, we propose an optimization algorithm that configures a connected dominating sets in order to balance the load of nodes to increase network lifetime and to perform effective routing. The proposed optimization algorithm in this paper uses the metaheuristic method of tabu search algorithm, and is designed to balance the number of dominatees in each dominator in the constituted linked dominance set. By constructing load-balanced connected dominating sets with the proposed algorithm, it is possible to extend the network lifetime by balancing the load of the dominators. The performance of the proposed tabu search algorithm was evaluated the items related to load balancing on the wireless sensor network, and it was confirmed in the performance evaluation result that the performance was superior to the previously proposed method.