• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.241-248
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• 1991

The aim of this study is to propose the criteria for a evaluation model of the lifetime household work and organize the model. The results were as follows: Three criteria for a evaluation model of the life-time household work were proposed. $\circled1$ An appropriate framework of the evaluation model should be based on the transition of the family life. $\circled2$ The model should include major variables influencing the value of household work of homemaker. $\circled3$ The model should be flexible enough to accommodate various evaluation methods, and should reflect idiosyncracies of different evaluation methods. In view of the criteria stated above, the present study is based on the family life cycle framework. And the age of the last offspring exhibits a consistent major influence in the evaluation based on the household work hours, while the education level of homemakers shows a consistent major influence in the evaluation based on household worker. So as to reflect these two major variables in the family life cycle framework.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.137-147
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• 2002

Purpose of this study is to find the research direction to solve the housing problems for the elderly which based on approaches and issues in related studies. Research method was interpretative analysis of the articles issued from 1976 to 2002. Each approach (rationalistic approach, ecological approach, micro-sociological approach, typological approach, environment-psychological approach, welfare approach) produced helpful information and had relative merits. But the researchers must regard housing for the elderly as a social problem in macroscopic view to solve the housing problems for older people with welfare approach. As a result, to solve the housing problems with welfare approach for the elderly who live in their own place with community care, studies about lifetime home, care and repair, and management of housing for the elderly might be needed. And research about existing services, transfer system of services, financial problems, man power to manage the system might be needed to spread out the services to the middle class elderly.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.5 s.236
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• pp.689-697
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• 2005

This paper presents the reliability estimation of door hinge for home appliances, which consists of bushing and shaft. The predominant failure mechanism of bushing made of polyoxymethylene(POM) is brittle fracture due to decrease of strength caused by voids existing, and that of shaft made of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS) is creep due to plastic deformation caused by excessive temperature and lowering of glass transition temperature by absorbed moisture. Since the brittle fracture of bushing is overstress failure mechanism, the load-strength interference model is used to estimate the failure rate of it along with failure analysis. By the way, the creep of shaft is wearout failure mechanism, and an accelerated life test is then planned and implemented to estimate its lifetime. Through the technical review about failure mechanism, temperature and humidity are selected as accelerating variables. Assuming Weibull lifetime distribution and Eyring model, the life-stress relationship and acceleration factor, $B_{10}$ life and its lower bound with $90\%$ confidence at worst case use condition are estimated by analyzing the accelerated life test data.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.165-173
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• 2008

Hybrid ad hoc networks are integrated networks referred to Home Networks, Telematics and Sensor networks can offer various services. Specially, in ad hoc network where each node is responsible for forwarding neighbor nodes' data packets, it should net only reduce the overall energy consumption but also balance individual battery power. Unbalanced energy usage will result in earlier node failure in overloaded nodes. it leads to network partitioning and reduces network lifetime. Therefore, this paper studied the routing protocol considering efficiency of energy. The suggested algorithm can predict the status of energy in each node using the energy prediction model. This can reduce the overload of establishing route path and balance individual battery power. The suggested algorithm can reduce power consumption as well as increase network lifetime.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1276-1295
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• 2023

Sensor networks are now an essential aspect of wireless communication, especially with the introduction of new gadgets and protocols. Their ability to be deployed anywhere, especially where human presence is undesirable, makes them perfect choices for remote observation and control. Despite their vast range of applications from home to hostile territory monitoring, limited battery power remains a limiting factor in their efficacy. To analyze and transmit data, it requires intelligent use of available battery power. Several studies have established effective routing algorithms based on clustering. However, choosing optimal cluster heads and similarity measures for clustering significantly increases computing time and cost. This work proposes and implements a simple two-phase technique of route creation and maintenance to ensure route reliability by employing nature-inspired ant colony optimization followed by the fuzzy decision engine (FDE). Benchmark methods such as PSO, ACO and GWO are compared with the proposed HRCM's performance. The objective has been focused towards establishing the superiority of proposed work amongst existing optimization methods in a standalone configuration. An average of 15% improvement in energy consumption followed by 12% improvement in latency reduction is observed in proposed hybrid model over standalone optimization methods.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 2004

Exposure to volatile disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as chloroform included in chlorinated tap water can occur during household activities via inhalation as well as ingestion and dermal absorption. This study was conducted to examine the significance of inhalation route of exposure since humans are unintentionally exposed to volatile DBPs while staying home. Two sets of experiments were carried out in an apartment to measure: 1) the variation of chloroform concentrations in the living room air following kitchen activities (cooking and dish-washing); and 2) the variation of chloroform concentrations in the bathroom and living room following showering. Cooking, dish-washing, and showering all contributed to the elevation of household chloroform levels. Even a few minutes of natural ventilation resulted in the reduction of the chloroform levels to the background. Estimates of daily chloroform doses and lifetime cancer risks suggested that inhalation of household air during staying home be a major route of exposure to chloroform and that ingestion be a minor one in Korean people. It is also suggested that ventilation be a simple and important measure of mitigating human exposure to volatile DBPs indoors.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.11-24
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to review the contents of the family ethics of Cho-Seon Dynasty in $\boxdr$Sa So Jeol$\boxul$written by Deok Moo Lee in 1775. The major findings on the family ethics of Cho-Seon Dynasty can be summarized as follows: 1) The marital relationship must keep to be equal, although they have different characters in the personality and different roles in the family. And husband/wife has to respect each other, to try to do for the marital harmony, and to treat nicely to his/her spouse. 2) In the parents-children relationships, children shoed respect and support their parents sincerely while parents’lifetime and perform an ancestral sacrifice wholeheartedly after parents’death. And parents haute the right and duty to educate their children. They have to teach their son to attend to his studies with diligence and teach their daughter to make efforts for the family and kin relationships. If parents or children are in fault, children shoed request to rethink the parents’fault to their parents earnestly and parents must also admonish their children with love. 3) In the sibling relationships, they have to show the fraternity each other. And the younger has to respect especially to elder brother.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1519-1523
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose the fast and secure binding update protocol as handoff or handover in the micro and pico environment based on mobile IPv6. The nodes or routers on participating in this protocol generate their addresses from cryptographically generated addresses (CGAs) method unlike previous address generation method. The mobile node (MN) includes in home network or home link has limited power and computational abilities. So the home agent (HA) of the MN executes key agreement protocol with the correspondent node (CN) on behalf of the MN. The CN then creates a ticket on including session key, lifetime of ticket. and so on. It then transmits it to the MN via the HA of the MN. The ticket is used to communicate directly between the MN and its CN. In performance analysis, we analyze security of proposed binding update protocol under various attack scenarios and efficiency by comparing proposed protocol with prior binding update protocols. Finally we make a conclusion of this paper and present future works.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.491-494
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• 2011

We propose a green computing which similar to green chemistry; reduce the use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency during the product' s lifetime, and promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste. Research continues into key areas such as making the use of computers as energy-efficient as possible, and designing algorithms and systems for efficiency-related computer technologies.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

Information about the characteristics of street-living versus shelter-residing youth is vital for tailoring prevention and intervention efforts to the unique needs of runaway and homeless youth. The present study compared two samples of youth [street-living (n=73) versus shelter-residing (n=205)], between the ages of 14 to 17 years, on behavioral and emotional factors and service use. Based on the different characteristics of the two groups, the predictors explaining the living status of the runaways and homeless youth were explored. In general, street-living youth reported more severe substance use, depressive symptoms, and risky sexual behavior, but less lifetime service involvement compared to shelter-residing youth. The factors that predicted shelter-residing status were related to younger age, prior service care experience, more knowledge about HIV, and engaging in less delinquent and risky behavior. Given the little overlap among youth in service involvement and the greater severity faced by street-living youth, the conclusions highlight the need for increased funding and attention towards facilitating the ability of street-living youth to find and enter mental health and reintegration services.