• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2007

The study is attempted to help double-income families use resources efficiently and rationally by analyzing The Time Use each of working women and housewives having preschool children based on the data of The Time Use survey carried out in 2004 and promote understandings on their quality of life, lifestyle and family welfare. To this end, the study analyzes the actual The Time Use of double-income families haying preschool children. The findings of the study are as follows: First, according to the comparison of The Time Use between double-income families and single-income families in 1999 and 2004, there is no significant difference in husbands' participation time in family management or family care between 1999 and 2004. Second, according to the comparison of The Time Use between double-income families and single-income families depending on the presence or non-presence of preschool children, families haying preschool children spent much more hours in family care than families without preschool children. Third, according to the comparison of the weekend schedule between double-income families and single-income families, it is found that working women work much more than housewives not only on weekdays but also on weekends and in particular, it is found that working women having preschool children work 2 hours longer than housewives.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.327-348
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to understand the diverse lifestyles of Korean older adults by analyzing the consumption pattern of older households and its determinants. The 9th wave of the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS) data was used for analysis. The twenty consumption items provided by the dataset was reduced to thirteen according to the consumption purpose inherent in the item. K-means cluster analysis and multinomial logistic regression was employed to categorize the consumption pattern of older households and to analyze the determinants. The results are as follows. The consumption pattern of Korean older adults was clustered into six distinctive groups named Breadwinner, Leisure-time pursuer, Friendly outgoes, Daily-life survivor, Illness sufferer and Shelter seeker. Breadwinner, Leisure-time pursuer and Friendly outgoes were lifestyles that earn and spend more compared to the other three. Nevertheless, they differed according to the family size, indicating that the parenting burden might have direct influence on the lifestyle of Korean older adults. Older adults without parenting burden and with high level of education and economic capacity were likely to show Friendly outgoes lifestyle. On the other hand, Daily-life survivor, Illness sufferer and Shelter seeker showed lower level of spending, indicating that for those lacking in economic capacity, urgent needs such as medical need or housing need dominates the lifestyle. The results call for adequate custom policies that best fit the needs of older adults.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.133-152
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• 2010

Through the 20th century architectural theory of rational thinking and the principles according to the statement of the firm, Le Corbusier's early works by analyzing the language of architecture, including his architectural concepts and helps the understanding of modern architecture. Masters of modern architecture as a place among the works of Le Corbusier in the 1920s, 'Le Corbusier's White Period' homes to target by age, and that his initial concept of the formation process of clarifying, further the construction of his golden age will be the key to understand. I selected housings from Maison Citrohan to villa Savoye, the category of architectural elements by considering the development process, he examines developments of the concept of modern architectural space. In analysis process, First of all, I am focused on between each element in the development process to review and explicate the integration process. The advent of the machine which he lived, because of its incredible potential reorganization of human society, as well as to celebrate the start of a new lifestyle. His architectural language of the times in the machinism could achieve progress and modern art, which is a new interpretation of the natural world.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.77-97
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the sustainable housing teaching-learning process plan aimed to achieve the global SDGs through home economics class in middle school that is based on the ADDIE model. The overall objective of the plan was to contribute to cultivating students' sustainable housing values and to creating sustainable lifestyle through everyday practice. The plan consisting of 4 lessons contained various activity and visual resources(4 individual and 4 team activity sheets, 4 reading texts, 1 homework sheet and 1 evaluation sheet, and 7 videos) for students and (4 sets of ppt and 4 reading texts) for teachers. The theme and team activities of each lesson were related to 2~7 targets of 2~3 SDGs, in total 11 targets of 5 SDGs. The plan was implemented to 4 classes of 127 senior students at Y middle school in Cheongju city during the period from the 29^th of August to the 18^th of September, 2019. The results showed that students were very positive and highly satisfied with not only practical contents but also adequacy of resources and activities of the whole 4-lessons, so that they actively participated in the lessons more than usual and looked forward to learning more about it. They thoroughly enjoyed various team activities such as brain writing, mandal art, visual thinking, making UCC, and planning the sustainable village as well as writing a short reflective journal at the end of each lesson. Students also reported that they highly accomplished the goal of each lesson and the overall objective. It could be concluded that the teaching-learning process plan of 4-lessons could contribute to cultivating students' sustainable housing values and to creating sustainable lifestyle through practicing everyday life. It indicates that home economics is one of the major subjects to contribute to the attainment of global issue of SDGs for OECD education 2030 and to educate the practically acting global citizen.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.255-260
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to determine the actual state of the indoor air quality by TVOC concentration and residents' responses and to analyze the influencing factors of IAQ in newly built university dormitory. The field measurements on the levels of TVOC and HCHO were carried out three times at an interval of 4 weeks in 3 rooms of a dormitory. The questionnaire survey on the residents that inquired into the lifestyle, the consciousness related to IAQ, and the responses of SHS was fulfilled. According to the results, the level of TVOC was approximately $0.14{\sim}18.5ppm$ and HCHO was $0.23{\sim}6.89ppm$ during 3 month since construction completion, which are seriously in excess of standard level, and seemed to be on the decrease as time goes by. The factors influencing the differences of the levels of TVOC or HCHO were the amount of ventilation including infiltration, heating temperature, relative humidity, or the use of living things including chemical. However, the residents rarely felt the responses of SHS and did not be conscious of the importance of ventilation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.289-315
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• 1997

Living culture, which is a pattern of peoples' everyday living, is influenced by the socio-economic conditions as well as ideology of the society. south and North Korean societies have been segregated during the past 50 years with different socio-those two societies share the same traditional culture. This project was developed to identify the differences in living cultures between South and North Korean societies, and to make suggestions for their successful integration. The first part of the project was concentrated on finding out the current living culture of North Korean families. References on North Korean living culture were reviewed, and North Korean movies related to family living were also analyzed. Besides, in depth interview was conducted with ten people who escaped from North Korean after 1990. The subjects with various demographic backgrounds were asked about lifestyles concerning food, clothing, housing, time management, consumption, child rearing, and family living that they experienced when they were in North Korea. The subjects were also asked to respond to the questionnaires measuring collectivism, materialism, and familism, which were developed for the study to find out the relationship between value orientation and lifestyles. This study revealed differences in many aspects of living cultures of South and North Korea, and relationships were suggested between value orientation and lifestyle. This exploratory study was intended to provided ground for more objective study with large number of subjects in the following year.

• Architectural research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2008

Designing environments for the elderly includes studying changes in the elderly themselves, changes in their environment, and changes in the intercommunication between the elderly and their environment. The purpose of this study is to provide guidelines for a ubiquitous environment in which seniors can "age in place," using an environment-behavioral approach. 305 subjects aged 45 to 78 take part in the survey research. Temporal sequence (age groups) and behavior (daily activities) are considered as the significant variables to design digital services for the elderly in the perspective of an environment-behavioral approach. Several conclusions can be made. (1) The characteristics of subjects in the over-65 age group shows that they manage an independent lifestyle even if they realize some body functions deteriorate as they age. (2) Over-65 age group is more engaged in healthcare and pastime activities. The male subjects of it are most inactive. (3) The IDA (importance of daily activities) and FDA (frequency of daily activities) are classified by five to six factors in each group. The IDA and FDA of the group aged over 65 differ from other age groups. (4) Five affordance dimensions of digital services for the elderly are proposed: Healthcare, Domesticity, Mobility & Security, Network, and Recreation & Pastime. These affordance dimensions will help research groups or companies design ubiquitous environments to enhance the quality of life of seniors.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.279-292
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• 2008

The concept of "new consumer sovereignty" is playing a significant role in having the initiative of production and consumption of technology and culture trend. Today the 'new consumers' positively use digital and information technology in purchasing. To understand these consumers' new purchase tendency, the study examined the actual conditions 1) of consumers' use of digital and information technology, 2) of digital devide between consumers, and 3) the consumer's attitude to changes of their lifestyle which digital convergence could result in. The subjects were thousand male and female adults. The data were collected from a survey conducted by Embrain, a research firm in Seoul, in the period of June 1st, 2007 ${\sim}$ June 10th, 2007. The results show: 1. Most subjects have computers, their Internet use is their general life, and they have lots of exposure opportunities to digital information. They positively and actively use information technology. 2. Between male and female subjects, and between old and young generation there is a significant digital gap. But the gap between regional areas is statistically not significant. 3. The subject's attitude to digital convergence society shows both positive expectation and negative concerns. Concludingly, to embody a desirable digital convergence society, it is necessary to be searched the ways which can decrease the digital gap and policy to share benefit that information technology can give to consumers.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.377-384
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• 2018

The accelerated increase of the population growth rate in the world and the current lifestyle based on consumerism considerably increased the amount of waste generated by the human activity. Specifically, e-plastic waste causes significant damage to the environment because of its difficult degradation process. This paper aims to establish the feasibility of using e-plastic waste in concrete as a partial replacement of coarse mineral aggregate. Considering a control mix without e-plastic waste designed for a compressive strength of 21 MPa, tests on concrete mixes with 40, 50 and 60% of e-plastic waste aggregate to determine the fresh and hardened properties were carried out. A reduction in the compressive strength as the percentage of e-plastic waste increases was observed, the maximum reduction being 44% with respect to the control mix. In addition, a significant reduction as much as 22% in the density of the concrete mixes with e-plastic waste was recorded, which means that lighter elements can be produced with this type of concrete. Two new equations based on regression analysis of the experimental data from this study were proposed. These equations estimate the reduction in the compressive strength of concrete mixes with e-plastic waste aggregate at 14 and 28 days. A cost analysis and a practical alternative to introduce this waste material into the market are also presented.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2020

This study derives the characteristics of the private external space planning in multi-family housing through the analysis of the good case built after 2000 in Europe. First, the cases were categorized into block or block perimeter, linear and point type to examine the relationship between the type of building in urban context and the location of private external space. By block or block perimeter and linear type, private external spaces are planned in the inner courtyards or open space between buildings used as common space for residents, inducing communications between neighbors. And the direction of private external space depends on the arrangement of the building mass in urban context. In the classification as point type, there are many cases, where private external spaces are arranged in all directions, connected almost all interior spaces. Second, based on the above results, the planned characteristics of the private external space are derived by dividing it into three categories: intermediated space between inside and outside, intermediate space between private and public /individual and collective space and the identity of the intermediate space. (1) In most cases, direction, size of enclosed area and location of private extern space is designed to fit the surrounding context, so residents can perceive as much of the assets of the surrounding environment as possible, and it can be used as an extended area of living space. In another cases, it is divided into various sub-areas to experience the spatial transition from inside to outside or vice versa. 2) The private external space, which is placed in a courtyard or in a collective open space, is partially enclosed and blocked, allowing interaction with the neighbors without pressure. Along the street, they are designed to allow residents to experience the vitality of the city and to be formative element of the facade, which could confidently reveal the lifestyle and taste of residents. 3) By some of point types, which facade is three-demensional layer as a habitable external space, the private external space is very flexible for use. This intermediate space is composed of diverse spaces for various needs, or it has generous size with positional conditions connected with all interior spaces to be used multi-functional.