• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.310-316
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• 1999

BBPI contents in domestic soybean and soybean products were investigated by the measurement of chymotrypsin inhibiting activity(C.I.A) and competitive ELISA method. In order to produce polyclonal antibody, BBPI was purified from soybean trypsin-chymotrypsin inhibitor by ion exchange chromatography and electrophoretic gel slicing. Rabbit anti-BBPI polyclonal antibody was produced with the purified BBPI as immunogen. This antibody showed relatively specific binding to BBPI and then used for the establishment of competitive ELISA method to measure BBPI contents in extracts of soybean and soybean products. The standard curve for the measurement of BBPI in soybean extracts was drawn up within the range 0.03 to $30\;{\mu}g/ml$ of BBPI. The C.I.A. and BBPI contents of 12 soybean cultivars were $8,462{\sim}12,428\;U/g$ and $482{\sim}692\;mg%$, respectively. The C.I.A. and BBPI contents were not detected in most of soybean products except soybean sprouts, which contained $10,695{\sim}13,249\;U/g$ of C.I.A. and $529{\sim}803\;mg%$ of BBPI.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.241-248
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• 2009

Pre-Harvest Residue Limit (PHRL) of bifenthrin during cultivation of grape was established by utilizing the dissipation curve and biological half-life of bifenthrin calculated from the analysis of 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 days after treatment of bifenthrin. Grape sample was extracted and partitioned with acetonitrile and dichloromethane, respectively, and bifenthrin was determined with GC/ECD. Limit of quantitation (LOQ) of bifenthrin was 0.01 ng. Recoveries at two fortification levels of 0.1 and $0.5\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ were $104.08\;{\pm}\;1.24$ and $92.25\;{\pm}\;3.13%$, respectively. The biological half-lives of bifenthrin were about 21 days at standard application rate, while, 23 days at double application rate. Dissipation of bifenthrin on grape was not influenced by growth dilution effect. The PHRLs of bifenthrin were recommended as 0.60 and $0.55\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ for 10 and 5 days before harvest, respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.192-200
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• 2012

Fruits are generally recommended for a balanced meal, as they are good sources of vitamins, minerals, and fiber, which may improve blood glucose control. However, fruits have simple sugars with a wide glycemic index (GI) range. The purpose of this study was to analyze the sugar content and composition and to determine the glycemic indices of the most frequently consumed fruits in Korea, including apple, tangerine, pear, water melon, persimmon, grape, oriental melon, and peach. The sugar content and composition of the fruits were analyzed by high performance anion-exchange chromatography (Dinonex model DX-600). The GI of the fruits was measured in 13 healthy subjects (seven females and six males) after permission was received from the University Hospital institutional review board (KHU-IRB 1114-06). The subjects consumed 50 g of glucose as a reference and carbohydrate portions of eight fruits. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after consuming the fruits. The GI values for the fruits were calculated by expressing the increase in the area under the blood glucose response curve for each subject. As a result, the total sugar contents of 100 g fruits were: grape (13.9 g), apple (12.3 g), persimmon (11.9 g), oriental melon (11.2 g), watermelon (9.3 g), tangerine (8.9 g), peach (8.6 g), and pear (8.3 g). The GI values of the fruits were as follows: GI value of peach ($56.5{\pm}14.17$), watermelon ($53.5{\pm}18.07$), oriental melon ($51.2{\pm}18.14$), tangerine ($50.4{\pm}15.16$), grape ($48.1{\pm}14.05$), persimmon ($42.9{\pm}18.92$), pear ($35.7{\pm}14.38$), and apple ($33.5{\pm}11.92$). These findings will help individuals choose fruit for controlling blood sugar.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.815-822
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• 1995

The toxicokinetics of rifapentine was studied after an oral administration to beagle dogs. High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) using column-switching technique was performed to determine the serum concentrations of rifapentine. The pharmacokinetic profiles of rifapentine were analysed using one-compartment open model. Following a single oral administration of 10mg/kg, pharmacokinetic parameters were determined as follows: maximum serum concentration($C_{max}$), $28.90{\mu}g/ml$; maximum concentration time($T_{max}$), 3.7hr; elimination half-life($t_{1/2}$, 4.7hr; area under the curve(AUC), $339.0{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$; volume of disiribution/bioavailability (Vd/F), 0.21 l/kg; lag time, 24min; absorption rate constant($k_a$), $0.445hr^{-1}$; elimination rate constant($k_{el}$), $0.148hr^{-1}$. After 6 month multiple oral doses of 10mg/kg/day, parameters were as follows: $C_{max}$, $34.40{\mu}g/ml$; $T_{max}$, 2.6hr; $t_{1/2}$, 6.7hr; AUC, $391.3{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$; Vd/F, 0.291/kg; $k_a$, $0.976hr^{-1}$; $k_{el}$, $0.104hr^{-1}$. The consistant kinetic parameters after a single and multiple oral administration show that there was no accumulation of rifapentine after 6 month oral administration. We also simulated the concentration of rifapentine after oral multiple administration of 10 and 50mg/kg/ day, based on the parameters obtained form the single administration. The measured serum concentrations of rifapentine were well fitted to the simulated results. The simulated results show that rifapentine readily reaches to steady-state after about 3 doses and the steady-state serum concentrations($C_{ss}$) are fluctuated in between $2.2{\sim}25.2{\mu}g/ml$, and $10.6{\sim}125.2{\mu}g/ml$ at the doses of 10 and 50mg/kg/day, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.3035-3042
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• 2015

Background: Isorhamnetin (Iso), a novel and essential monomer derived from total flavones of Hippophae rhamnoides that has long been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction, has also shown a spectrum of antitumor activity. However, little is known about the mechanisms of action Iso on cancer cells. Objectives: To investigate the effects of Iso on A549 lung cancer cells and underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: A549 cells were treated with $10{\sim}320{\mu}g/ml$ Iso. Their morphological and cellular characteristics were assessed by light and electronic microscopy. Growth inhibition was analyzed by MTT, clonogenic and growth curve assays. Apoptotic characteristics of cells were determined by flow cytometry (FCM), DNA fragmentation, single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay, immunocytochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labeling (TUNEL). Tumor models were setup by transplanting Lewis lung carcinoma cells into C57BL/6 mice, and the weights and sizes of tumors were measured. Results: Iso markedly inhibited the growth of A549 cells with induction of apoptotic changes. Iso at $20{\mu}g/ml$, could induce A549 cell apoptosis, up-regulate the expression of apoptosis genes Bax, Caspase-3 and P53, and down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2, cyclinD1 and PCNA protein. The tumors in tumor-bearing mice treated with Iso were significantly smaller than in the control group. The results of apoptosis-related genes, PCNA, cyclinD1 and other protein expression levels of transplanted Lewis cells were the same as those of A549 cells in vitro. Conclusions: Iso, a natural single compound isolated from total flavones, has antiproliferative activity against lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Its mechanisms of action may involve apoptosis of cells induced by down-regulation of oncogenes and up-regulation of apoptotic genes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4147-4152
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• 2014

Standard therapy for advanced head and neck cancer consists of a combination of surgery and radiation. However, survival of this patient population has not improved during the past 20 years. Many different multimodality treatment schedules have been proposed, and chemotherapy is often used with the intent of organ preservation. The present study was intended to establish the efficacy of concomitant chemoradiation with a single agent carboplatin in advanced head and neck cancers.The objectives were to investigate the feasibility of concomitant administration of carboplatin, monitor acute toxicity during radiotherapy, and determine subacute side effects, such as wound healing following surgery after chemoradiotherapy. A prospective study was conducted wherein a total of 40 patients with stage III and IV squamous cell carcinomas of oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx were enrolled. All patients were treated with external beam radiotherapy and weekly carboplatin area under curve (AUC of 5). Radiotherapy was given in single daily fractions of 1.8-2 grays (Gy) to a total dose of 66-72 Gy. Salvage surgery was performed for any residual or recurrent locoregional disease. Neck dissection was recommended for all patients with neck disease showing less than a complete response after chemoradiation. A total of 40 patients were enrolled of whom 32 were males and 8 were females. Highest incidence of cancer was seen in the 5th-6th decades of life with a median age of 47.7 years. Oropharyngeal tumours constituted a maximum of 21 patients followed by hypopharynx in 10, larynx in 7 and oral cavity in 2. 80% of the patients had a neck node on presentation of which 40% had N2-N3 nodal status. TNM staging revealed that 58% of patients were in stage III and 43% in stage IV. Evaluation of acute toxicity revealed that 50% had grade II mucositis, 25% grade III mucositis, 2.5% grade IV mucositis. 50% of patients had grade I skin reactions, 65% of patients had grade I thrombocytopenia, and 24% of patients had grade I anaemia. After completion of treatment 65% of patients had complete response at the primary and regional sites, and 35% of patients had a partial response of whom 23% underwent neck dissection and 5% of them underwent salvage surgery at the primary site. At the end of one year there were six deaths and four recurrences and 70% were free of disease. Concurrent chemoradiation with carboplatin provided good locoregional control for locally advanced head and neck cancers. This regimen, although toxic, is tolerable with appropriate supportive intervention. Primary site conservation is possible in many patients. Chemoradiotherapy appears to have an emerging role in the primary management of head and neck cancers.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.62-86
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• 1970

A study on the upper garment of Korean women, JUORI The upper garment of Korean women. JUGORI, is an inherited mode from the ancient clothing style in the various aspects based on the particulars of Korean clothes. The ancient style of clothes is originated from KWAMDUI belonging to inhabitants of Northern Territory of Korea. And it is quite different from Chinese clothes in lineage. However, this unicque mode of clothes has been much influnced by the Chinese culture and also by the climate of Korea. And it is quite different from Chinese clothes in lineage. However, this unicque mode of clothes has been much influnced by the Chinese culture and also by the climate of Korean penynsula. The changes of the pattern of JUGORI, in a word, is a sign of shortening tendency of size. This tendency of JUGORI is remarkably seen in the shortening of length and other parts are decreased in size. The JUGORI in the ancient age was fallen below the weist of woman, which is similar to Robe, and was worn with band. However, the length of the JUGORI has been gradually shortened, and therefore, GORUM took place of the band. The shortening tendency of JUGORI is seemed to be shown its sign in the initial time of its origin, because there are some evidences that the women in Sylla Dynasty, and this tendency has been much expedited during the period of Koryu Dynasty with influences of Monggorian culture (Won Lynasty of China) The oldest sample for data of JUGORI in nowaday is one the remains of Yi Dynasty, and this sample for data provides all the particulars of the modern pattern of JUGORI. The tendency of JUGORI had been continued even in Yi Dynasty, and at the end of the Dynasty, the clothes was shortened that the women felt inconvenient wearing it in the status of the shortened JUGORI which was even hardly cover the initial time of epoch of modernization induced from the Western civilization, and after 1920s and 1930s JUGORI become a larger tendency. This is a sing of revival of practical use and rationalization of JUGORI become a shortening tendency again, and the size is similar with that of early age of Yi Dynasty. Instead of these similarities, the particulars of modern JUGORI is weighing on much emphasis on curve beauty and expression of experior beauty. The reason is that, together with westernization of clothes, JUGORI became a special pattern of clothes as a traditional Korean women wears. The very thing explaining this pattern of JUGORI is the "ARIRANG DRESS". And there are some fashion using button instead of GORUM and half sleeve JUGORI for summer use which is regarded as a part of improved aspect of life in Korea. in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.989-996
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• 2020

This study was conducted to determine the effect of low temperature and low radiation conditions on the yield and quality of hot pepper at an early growth stage in Korea. In plastic greenhouses, low temperature, low temperature with covered shading treatments were set 17 to 42 days after transplanting. The pepper growing degree days decreased by 5.5% due to the low temperature during the treatment period. Radiation decreased by 74.7% due to the covered shading. After commencing treatments, pepper plant growth decreased with low temperature and low radiation. Analysis of the yield showed that the first harvest was delayed by low radiation. The cumulative yields of 119 days after transplanting were 1,956, 2,171, and 2,018 g/㎡ for control, low temperature, and low temperature with low radiation respectively. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin concentrations in pepper fruit decreased with low temperature and low radiation. To investigate the photosynthetic characteristics according to the treatment, the carbon dioxide reaction curve was analyzed using the biochemical model of photosynthesis. Results showed that the maximum photosynthetic rate, V_cmax (maximum carboxylation rate), J (electric transportation rate), and TPU (triose phosphate utilization) decreased at low temperatures; the maximum photosynthetic rate, J, and g_m (dark respiration rate) were reduced by shading. These results indicate that low temperature and low radiation can retard early growth, yield, and quality, but these can also be recovered 119 days after planting. Based on the results, the yield and quality of pepper can recover from abiotic stresses with proper cultivation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.235-242
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• 1993

8-Fluorociprofloxacin(8-FCP) is an investigational quinolone derivative that is substituted with fluorine at the C-8 position of ciprofloxacin(CP). It was found that the in vitro activity of 8-FCP against Gram(+) bacteria was more potent that of CP, but the opposite against Gram(-) bacteria was true. However, 8-FCP showed better in vivo efficacy than CP against representative Gram(-) organisms, E. coli and K pneumoniae. In an attempt to seek for factors causing this discrepancy in the antibacterial activities, a comparative pharmacokinetic study of 8-FCP and CP was conducted in mice and rats treated either intravenously or orally at a single dose of 30 mg/kg. The pharmacokinetic parameters in mice were as follows; the mean peak serum concentrations(C$_{max}$) following i.v. and oral doses were 12.4 and 5.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for 8-FCP, and 9.5 and 2.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for CP, respectively. The terminal half-life(t$_{1/2\beta}$) was 72.9 min for 8-FCP, and 98.2 min for CP, and the oral bioavailability(F) was 89.9% for 8-FCP, and 50.5% for CP. In rats, the mean ($\pm$SD) $C_{max}$ after i.v. administration were 11.6$\pm$1.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for 8-FCP, and 10.2$\pm$1.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for CP, whereas oral administration produced $C_{max}$ of 5.9$\pm$1.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for 8-FCP and 1.1$\pm$0.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for CP, respectively. The t$_{1/2\beta}$ was 67.9$\pm$8.4 min for 8-FCP, and 76.4$\pm$7.2 min for CP. The F was 88.6$\pm$6.3% for 8-FCP, and 40.7$\pm$6.5% for CP. Marked differences were observed between the two quinolones in the $C_{max}$ and the area under the concentration-time curve obtained after oral administration in mice and rats. The extent of 8-FCP absorption in both mice and rats was approximately 2-fold higher than that of CP, suggesting that the fluorine atom attached to C-8 plays an important role in facilitating oral absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.3
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• pp.362-368
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• 2007

This study was conducted to estimate merchantable volume and yield per diameter (DBH) class of Pinus koraiensis and Larix kaempferi. Stem volume of trees in each diameter class was calculated using the existing equations for taper and height curve. Saw logs and pulpwood volume were then estimated from the stem volume in each diameter class. The final step was to estimate merchantable volume and yield from saw logs, assuming saw logs were used for lumber (boards or dimension products) production only. The results showed that the stem volume of Larix kaempferi was 23~38% higher than that of Pinus koraiensis at the same diameter classes. Both species were able to produce saw logs from the diameter class of 18 cm. Saw logs and pulpwood yield for both species rapidly increased due to the size limitation on small end diameter. This yield reached a maximum of 90% and 88% at 26 cm and 38cm diameter class, respectively, for Pinus koraiensis and Larix kaempferi. Lumber yield estimated for board products ranged from 23% to 56%. In the case of dimension products, Lumber yield became significantly smaller as saw logs were used for larger dimension products. These results can be used for calculating merchantable volume and economic value of trees, as well as determining final lumber products.