• 전기화학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.168-171
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• 2005

The electrochemical properties of $LiFePO_4$ as a cathode for Li-ion batteries were improved by incorporating conductive carbon into the $LiFePO_4$. X-ray diffraction analysis and SEM observations revealed that the carbon-coated $LiFePO_4$ consisted of fine single crystalline particles, which were smaller than the bare $LiFePO_4$. The electrochemical performance of the carbon-coated $LiFePO_4$ was tested under various conditions. The carbon-coated $LiFePO_4$ showed much better performance in terms of the discharge capacity and cycling stability than the bare $LiFePO_4$. The improved electrochemical performances were found to be attributed to the reduced particle size and enhanced electrical conductivity of the $LiFePO_4$ by the carbon.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2018

Spinel $LiNi_{0.5}Mn_{1.5}O_4$ has received great attention as one of the most outstanding cathode materials for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high energy density resulting from the operating voltage of ~ 4.7 V (vs. $Li^+/Li$) based on the $Ni^{2+}/Ni^{4+}$ redox reaction. However, $LiNi_{0.5}Mn_{1.5}O_4$ is known to suffer from undesirable side reactions with the electrolyte at high voltage as well as Mn dissolution from the structure. These issues prevent the realization of the optimal electrochemical performance of $LiNi_{0.5}Mn_{1.5}O_4$. Extensive research has been conducted to overcome these issues. This review presents an overview of the various surface-modification methods available to improve the electrochemical properties of $LiNi_{0.5}Mn_{1.5}O_4$ and provides perspectives on further research aimed at the application of $LiNi_{0.5}Mn_{1.5}O_4$ as a cathode material in commercialized LIBs.

• 청정기술
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2022

Lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted considerable attention as a promising candidate for next-generation power sources due to their high theoretical energy density, low cost, and eco-friendliness. However, the poor electrical conductivity of sulfur and its insoluble discharging products (Li₂S₂/Li₂S), large volume changes, severe self-discharge, and dissolution of lithium polysulfide intermediates result in rapid capacity fading, low Coulombic efficiency, and safety risks, hindering Li-S battery commercial development. In this study, a three-dimensionally (3D) connected hierarchical porous carbon framework (HPCF) derived from waste sunflower seed shells was synthesized as a sulfur host for Li-S batteries via a chemical activation method. The natural 3D connected structure of the HPCF, originating from the raw material, can effectively enhance the conductivity and accessibility of the electrolyte, accelerating the Li⁺/electron transfer. Additionally, the generated micropores of the HPCF, originated from the chemical activation process, can prevent polysulfide dissolution due to the limited space, thereby improving the electrochemical performance and cycling stability. The HPCF/S cell shows a superior capacity retention of 540 mA h g^-1 after 70 cycles at 0.1 C, and an excellent cycling stability at 2 C for 700 cycles. This study provides a potential biomass-derived material for low-cost long-life Li-S batteries.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.262-271
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• 2023

For electrode stability and the electrochemical performance of the Li-ion cell, it is essential that the active ingredients and unique additives in the polymer binder be well dispersed with the solvent-based slurry. The efficient procedure used to create the slurry affects the rheological characteristics of the electrode slurry. When successively adding different steps of Nmethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent to the cathode composition, it is evenly disseminated. The electrochemical performance of the Li-ion cells and the electrodes made with slurry formed by single step and multiple steps of addition of NMP solvent are examined. To preform rheological properties of cathode electrode slurry on Ni-rich Lithium Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum Oxide (LiNi_0.80Co_0.15Al_0.05) (NCA). Also, we investigate different step addition of electrode formation and mechanical strength characterization like peel strength. According to the EIS study, a multi-step electrode slurry has lower internal resistance than a single-step electrode slurry, which results in better electrical characteristics and efficiency. Further, microstructure of electrodes is obtained electrochemical performance in the 18650 cylindrical cells with targeted capacity of 1.5 Ah. The slurry of electrodes prepared by single step and multiple steps of addition of NMP solvent and its effect on the fabrication of 1.5 Ah cells. A three-step solvent addition on slurry has been found to be a lower internal resistance than a single-step electrode slurry as confirmed by the EIS analysis, yielding improved electrical properties and efficiency.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.29-32
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• 1998

A new treatment of LiV$_3$O$_{8}$ has beer proposed for improving its electrochemical behavior as a cathode material secondary lithium batteries. Early in its development, the preparation method of LiV$_3$O$_{8}$ strongly influenced its electrochemical properties, such as discharge capacity, rate capability and cycling efficiency. In the present experiment, a new synthesis route has been applied to obtain LiV$_3$O$_{8}$ . Instead of the conventional high temperature technique leading to the crystalline form, a solution technique producing the amorphous form has been used. This material, after dehydration, shows an electrochemical performance exceeding that of the crystalline one. These measurements showed that the ultrasonic treatment process of crystalline LiV$_3$O$_{8}$ causes a decrease in crystallinity and considerable increases in specific surface area and interlayer spacing. So the ultrasonic method provides a convenient means for improving the electrochemical behavior of LiV$_3$O$_{8}$ as a cathode material for secondary lithium batteries.batteries.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.51.2-51.2
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• 2010

Efficient and durable electrical energy storage is one of the major factors limiting the wide-spread adoption of renewable energy. Since lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were first commercialized in the early 1990s, LIBs have emerged as an important energy storage device for portable electronics. LIBs are very desirable because of their high energy storage per volume and per mass. However, LIBs with high energy and power as well as higher stability are needed for their use in a variety of energy storage applications such as MEMS devices, PDA, plug-in hybrids, all-electric vehicles and large scale utility systems. In this talk, I will discuss present energy perspective, especially energy storage and its role in renewable energy. After that I will discuss the recent advances in nanostructured materials and interface engineering that have led to the achievement of improved Li-ion batteries. Finally I will talk aboutcritical issues that need to be addressed to obtain further improvements in Li-ion batteries.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1054-1057
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• 1995

The pollution-free secondary Li ion battery has been developed recently. However due to short history of Li ion battery, the standards for characterized assessments and standardized testing methods have not been prepared and established yet. Also, the researches have not been done systematically regarding the operating methods of these new type of batteries. Such limited knowledge of new batteries emphasizes the importance of development of characterized assessment and the operating methods.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.338-338
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• 2007

$LiFePO_4-C$ cathode materials were prepared by hydrothermal reaction and ball-milling. In order to enhance the electronic conductivity of $LiFePO_4$, 10% of acetylene black was added. During the ball-milling, different revolutions per minute (100, 200 and 300 rpm) was carried out. The structural and morphological performance of $LiFePO_4-C$ powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The X-ray diffraction results demonstrated that $LiFePO_4-C$ powders had an orthorhombic olivine-type structure with a space group of Pnma. $LiFePO_4-C$ batteries were characterized electrochemically by charge/discharge experiments. The charge/discharge experiments indicated that $LiFePO_4-C$/Li batteries by 300 rpm of the ball-milling exhibited the best electrochemical performance with the discharge capacity of 126mAh/g at a discharge rate of $0.1mA/cm^2$.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2016

본 논문은 리튬배터리의 고온 및 단락전류에 따른 폭발 및 화재 위험성을 분석하기 위한 연구이다. 이에 대표적인 리튬배터리 종류인 리튬폴리머배터리 및 리튬이온배터리를 실험시료로 선정하였다. 고온에 따른 폭발위험성 측정결과 리튬폴리머배터리의 경우 평균 $170^{\circ}C$, 리튬이온배터리의 경우 평균 $187^{\circ}C$에서 폭발이 일어났다. 단락전류에 따른 온도상승측정결과 보호회로가 정상작동 할 경우 과전류를 제한하여 온도상승이 거의 없었지만, 보호회로가 고장 났을 경우 리튬폴리머배터리의 경우 평균 $115.7^{\circ}C$ 및 리튬이온배터리 경우 평균 $80.5^{\circ}C$까지 상승하여 화재 및 화상 위험성이 높게 나타나는 것으로 측정되었다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2022

리튬이온배터리의 수요가 증가함에 따라 향후 발생할 폐리튬이온배터리 중의 유가금속 회수가 필요하다. 대량의 폐리튬이온배터리 리사이클링에는 건식제련이 적합하지만 Li이 슬래그나 분진으로 손실되는 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 폐리튬이온배터리의 NCM계 양극재로부터 Li을 회수하기 위해 그라파이트 첨가에 따른 탄산화 배소와 수침출 거동에 대해 조사하였다. 그라파이트를 10 wt% 첨가 시, Ar 및 CO₂ 분위기에서 승온 중 약 850 K에서 급격한 무게 감소와 함께 CO 및 CO₂ 가스가 배출되었다. 급격한 무게 감소 후 NCM은 금속 산화물 및 순금속으로 분해되고 환원되었다. 따라서 블랙파우더(NCM+그라파이트)의 탄산화 배소에서는 NCM의 분해에 의해 O₂가 발생하면서 Li₂O, NiO 등의 산화물이 생성되고, 이어서 Li₂O가 CO₂와 반응하여 Li₂CO₃를 생성하며, NiO의 일부는 그라파이트에 의해 환원되어 금속 Ni을 생성한다. 그리고 탄산화 배소 후 수침출에 의해 약 99.95 % 순도의 Li₂CO₃를 최대 94.5 %까지 회수하였다.