DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Electrochemical Characteristics of Carbon-coated LiFePO4 as a Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Secondary Batteries

  • Shin, Ho-Chul (Battery Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Byung-Jo (Battery Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Cho, Won-Il (Battery Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Cho, Byung-Won (Battery Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jang, Ho (Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University)
  • Published : 2005.11.30

Abstract

The electrochemical properties of $LiFePO_4$ as a cathode for Li-ion batteries were improved by incorporating conductive carbon into the $LiFePO_4$. X-ray diffraction analysis and SEM observations revealed that the carbon-coated $LiFePO_4$ consisted of fine single crystalline particles, which were smaller than the bare $LiFePO_4$. The electrochemical performance of the carbon-coated $LiFePO_4$ was tested under various conditions. The carbon-coated $LiFePO_4$ showed much better performance in terms of the discharge capacity and cycling stability than the bare $LiFePO_4$. The improved electrochemical performances were found to be attributed to the reduced particle size and enhanced electrical conductivity of the $LiFePO_4$ by the carbon.

Keywords

References

  1. A. K. Padhi, K. S. Nanjundaswamy, and J. B. Goodenough, 'Phospho-olivines as Positive-Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries', J Electrochem. Soc., 144, 1188 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1837571
  2. D. D. MacNeil, Z. Lu, Z. Chen, and J. R. Dahn, 'A comparison of the electrode/electrolyte reaction at elevated temperatures for various Li-ion battery cathodes', J. Power Sources, 108, 8 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(01)01013-8
  3. M. Takahashi, S. I. Tobishima, K. Takei, and Y. Sakurai, 'Reaction behavior of $LiFePO_4$ as a cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries', Solid State Ionics, 148, 283 (2002)
  4. A. K. Padhi, K. S. Nanjundaswamy, C. Masquelier, S. Okada, and J. B. Goodenough, 'Effect of Structure on the $Fe^{3+}/Fe^{2+}$ Redox Couple in Iron Phosphates', J. Electrochem. Soc., 144, 1609 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1837649
  5. M. Takahashi, S. Tobishima, K. Takei, and Y. Sakurai, 'Characterization of $LiFePO_4$ as the cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries', J. Power Sources, 97-98, 508 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00728-5
  6. J. Barker, M. Y. Saidi, and J. L. Swoyer, 'Lithium lron(II) Phosphoolivines Prepared by a Novel Carbothermal Reduction Method', Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 6, A53 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1544211
  7. A. S. Andersson, B. Kalska, L. Haggstrom, and J. O. Thomas, 'Lithium extraction/insertion in $LiFePO_4$: an X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy study', Solid State lonics, 130, 41 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(00)00311-8
  8. N. Ravet, Y. Chouinard, J. F. Magnan, S. Besner, M. Gauthier, and M. Armand, 'Electroactivity of natural and synthetic triphylite', J. Power Sources, 97-98, 503 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00727-3
  9. P. P. Prosini, D. Zane, and M. Pasquali, 'Improved electrochemical performance of a LiFePO4-based composite cathode', Electrochim. Acta, 46, 3517 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00631-4
  10. H. Huang, S. C. Yin, and L. F. Nazar, 'Approaching Theoretical Capacity of $LiFePO_4$ at Room Temperature at High Rates', Electrochem. Solid State Lett., 4, A170 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1396695
  11. Z. Chen and J. R. Dahn, 'Reducing Carbon in $LiFePO_4$/C Composite Electrodes to Maximize Specific Energy, Volumetric Energy, and Tap Density', J. Electrochem. Soc., 149, A1184 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1498255
  12. S. Y. Chung, J. T. Bloking, and Y. M. Chiang, 'Electronically conductive phospho-olivines as lithium storage electrodes', Nat. Mater., 1, 123 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat732
  13. S. Shi, L. Liu, C. Ouyang, D. S. Wang, Z. Wang, L. Chen, and X. Huang, 'Enhancement of electronic conductivity of $LiFePO_4$ by Cr doping and its identification by first-principles calculations', Phys. Rev. B, 68, 195108(2003) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.68.195108
  14. D. Wang, H. Ii, S. Shi, X. Huang, and L. Chen, 'Improving the rate performance of $LiFePO_4$ by Fe-site doping', Electrochem. Acta, 50, 2955(2005)
  15. A. Yamada, S. C. Chung, and K. Hinokuma, 'Optimized $LiFePO_4$ for Lithium Battery Cathodes', J. Electrochem. Soc., 148, A224 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1348257
  16. H. S. Kim, B. W. Cho, and W. I. Cho, 'Cycling performance of $LiFePO_4$ cathode material for lithium secondary batteries', J. Power Sources, 132, 235 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.12.058
  17. S. Franger, F. L. Cras, C. Bourbon, and H. Rouault, 'Comparison between different $LiFePO_4$ synthesis routes and their influence on its physico-chemical properties', J. Power Sources, 119-121, 252 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00242-8
  18. S. J. Kwon, C. W. Kim, W. T. Jeong, and K. S. Lee, 'Synthesis and electrochemical properties of olivine $LiFePO_4$ as a cathode material prepared by mechanical alloying', J. Power Sources, 137, 93(2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.05.048
  19. C. H. Mi, X. B. Zhao, G S. Cao, and J. P. Tu, 'In Situ Synthesis and Properties of Carbon-Coated $LiFePO_4$ as Li-Ion Battery Cathodes', J. Electrochem. Soc., 152, 483 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.200524022