• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 1990

1. Background Women's health and their involvement in health care are essential to health for everyone. If they are ignorant, malnourished or over-worked, the health &-their families as well as their own health will suffer. Women's health depends on broad considerations beyond medicine. Among other things, it depends upon their work in farming. their subordination to their families, their accepted roles, and poor hygiene with poorly equipped housing and environmental sanitation. 2. Objectives and Contents a. The health status of rural women : physical and mental complaints, experience of pesticides intoxication, Farmer's syndrome, experiences of reproductive health problems. b. participation in and attitudes towards housework and farming c. accessibility of medical care d. status of maternal health : fertility, family planning practice. induced abortion, and maternal care 3. Research method A nationwide field survey, based on stratified random sampling, was conducted during July, 1986. Revised Cornell Medical index(68 out of 195 items). Kawagai's Farmers Syndrome Scale, and self-developed structured questionnaires were used to rural farming wives(n=2.028). aged between 26-55. 4. Characteristics of the respondents mean age : 40.2 marital status : 90.8% married mean no. of household : 4.9 average years of education : 4.7 yrs. average income of household : \235,000 average years of residence in rural area : 36.4 yrs average Working hours(household and farming) : 11 hrs. 23 min 5. Health Status of rural women a. The average number of physical and mental symptoms were 12.4, 4.7, and the rate of complaints were 22.1%, 38.8% each. revealing complaints of mental symptomes higher than physical ones. b. 65.4% of rural women complained of more than 4 symptoms out of 9, indicating farmer's syndrome. 11.9 % experienced pesticide overdue syndrome c. 57.6% of respondents experienced women-specific health problems. d. Age and education of respondents were the variables which affect on the level of their health 6. Utilization of medical services a. The number of symptoms and complaints of respondents were dependent on the distance to where the health-care service is given b. Drug store was the most commonly utilized due to low price and the distance to reach. while nurse practitioners were well utilized when there were nurse practitioner's office in their villages. c. Rural women were internalized their subordination to husbands and children, revealing they are positive(93%) in health-care demand for-them but negative(30%) for themselves d. 33.0% of respondents were habitual drug users, 4.5% were smokers and 32.3% were alcohol drinkers. and 86.3% experienced induced-abortion. But most of them(77.6%) knew that those had negative effects on health. 7. Maternal Health Care a. Practice rate of contraception was 48.1% : female users were 90.9% in permanent and 89.6% in temporary contraception b. Induced abortions were taken mostly at hospital(86.3%), while health centers(4.7%), midwiferies(4.3%). and others(4.5%) including drug stores were listed a few. The repeated numbers of induced abortion seemed affected on the increasing numbers of symptoms and complaints. c. The first pre-natal check-up during first trimester was 41.8%, safe delivery rate was 15.6%, post-natal check-up during two months after delivery. Rural women had no enough rest after delivery revealing average days of rest from home work and farming 8.3 and 17.2. d. 86.6% practised breast feeding, showing younger and more educated mothers depending on artificial milk 8. Recommendations a. To lessen the multiple role over burden housing and sanitary conditions should be improved, and are needed farming machiner es for women and training on the use of them b. Health education should begin at primary school including health behavior and living environment. c. Women should be encouraged to become policy-makers as well as administrators in the field of women specific health affairs. d. Women's health indicators should be developed and women's health surveillance system too.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.61-81
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• 2007

현재 한국시장의 광고에는 외국인 모델과 외국어를 사용하는 것이 일반적이다. 그러나 그 효과에 대한 검증은 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 기존의 연구에 의하면 마케팅 커뮤니케이션과 소비자의 문화적 가치가 일치하게 될 때 커뮤니케이션의 효과가 높아진다고 한다. 즉, 광고에의 외국문화 사용은 기존 연구에서 주장하고 있는 바와는 반대의 현상인 것이다. 그러나 인터넷 등 글로벌 매체에 의해 글로벌 문화가 출현함에 따라 마케팅 커뮤니케이션과 소비자의 문화적 가치가 일치하는 것이 가장 바람직한 커뮤니케이션 방법이라 볼 수는 없다. 이에 본 연구는 외국인 모델을 사용하는 광고에 있어서 모델의 매력도와 외국어 사용이 소비자의 광고와 제품에 대한 태도, 구매의도 등에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 살펴보고 효과적인 광고 커뮤니케이션에 대한 제언을 하고자 했다. 연구결과, 광고에 사용된 언어와 광고의 시각적 단서인 모델 매력도는 광고의 효과에 상호작용 효과를 나타내는 것이 밝혀졌다. 광고에 사용된 모델 매력도가 높은 경우, 제품에 대한 태도, 구매의도가 사용된 언어에 대해 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 광고에 사용된 모델의 매력도가 낮은 경우에는 영어를 사용한 경우가 제품에 대한 태도, 구매의도가 높았다. 즉, 외국인 모델을 광고에 사용할 경우, 그 모델의 매력도의 높고 낮음에 따라 광고에 사용되는 언어를 선택함으로써 광고의 효과를 조절할 수 있다는 실무적 시사점을 제공한다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.177-214
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• 2016

중국 민용항공법은 1995년에 처음으로 제정되고 나서 20여년 사이에 처음으로 전면적인 개정이 이뤄졌다. 이번 개정은 20여년 동안의 민용항공법 시행 실천경험에 비추어, 국내외 민용항공법의 입법과 민용항공 국제협약의 최신성과를 참조하고 항공안전에 대한 감독과 관리를 강화하고 소비자 권익을 보호함으로써 민용항공활동이 안전하고 질서 있게 발전하고 민용항공활동에 관련되는 여러 당사자의 이익의 균형을 도모하고 민용항공사업 발전을 촉진함으로써 중국을 민용항공 강대국으로 건설하는데 유력한 법적 보장을 마련하는 것을 지도사상으로 하고 있다. 이번 개정안에서는 항공안전을 강화하기 위하여 항공제품의 안정생산 각 단계에서의 담당자의 책임과 관련 부문의 관리책임을 명확히 하였고, 공공항공운송기업의 항공기 추적능력의 설립을 강화하였으며 위험물품운송에 대한 법적인 규제를 강화하였다. 또한 이번 개정안에서는 안보를 강화하는 업무원칙, 관련 기관의 직책과 불법소란행위 등을 명확히 하고 이를 위반하는 경우 부담해야 하는 법적책임을 상당히 강화하였다. 국가에서는 민용항공산업의 발전을 지지한다는 원칙하에 민용항공산업의 발전을 위하여 자금투자를 위한 법적 보장을 마련하고 각급 정부에서 공항건설과 발전을 촉진하는데 있어서의 직책을 명확히 하였으며, 정부의 관리와 통제가 과도하여 민용항공산업의 발전과 자원배치에 불리한 심사비준제도를 등록제도로 변경함으로써 정부당국의 권한을 줄이고 공공운송기업의 설립조건을 조정하는 등 일련의 통용항공산업의 발전을 위하여 법적인 제도를 개혁하였다. 이외에도 소비자 권익을 보호하는 획기적인 규정들이 새로 개정되었는데 항공운송총조건을 운송계약의 구성부분임을 명확히 밝히고 항공기 지연에 관한 항공사의 책임을 묻는 지도원칙을 확립하고 1999년 몬트리올협약에 따라 항공운송인의 배상책임한도액과 배상책임제도를 조정하였다. 이외에도 항공기사고 발생시 지면제3자에 대한 손해배상에 대한 리스크를 줄이기 위하여 항공운송인의 보험가입을 적극적으로 격려하는 규정을 마련하였다. 동 개정안은 비록 현행 민용항공법상의 미비점을 상당부분 보완하였지만 국내항공운송과 국제항공운송인의 책임을 차별화하여 별도의 규정을 두었다는 점, 항공기내에서의 핸드폰 사용 등을 소란행위로 포함시켰다는 점으로 보아 항공안전을 이유로 지나치게 여객의 권익을 제한한 것은 아닌지, 항공기 산업발전을 위한 정부의 격려정책이 중국이 가입한 WTO 협정에 위배될 소지를 남겼다는 등 부분은 향후 더 검토하여 신중하게 개정안에 반영해야 할 사안이다. 현재 민용항공법 개정안은 의견수렴을 거친 상태이다. 그러나 전국인민대표대회 상무위원회 2016년 10월 31일부터 11월 7일 까지의 심사 및 의사결정 일정표를 보면 민용항공법 초안이 포함되지 않았다. 따라서 2017년에 민용항공법 개정초안이 인민대표대회 상무위원회 심사 및 의견결정 일정에 포함되는 것이 급선무 일 것이며 일단 동 일정에 포함되어야 만이 법 개정이 신속하고 효과적으로 진척이 될 수 있다. 따라서 그 이전까지는 의견의 불일치가 많은 조항부터 전문가들과 사회공중의 광범위한 논의를 진행하게 될 것이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권10호
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• pp.1476-1483
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 고품질 오디 생산과 기능성 제품 개발을 위한 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 작성하였다. 시설 및 노지 재배한 오디의 숙기별 pH, 적정산도, 유리당, 유기산, 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드, 총 안토시아닌, 항산화 활성 및 항산화력을 비교 분석하였다. pH와 적정산도는 시설의 경우 각각 3.52~4.91 및 0.47~2.63% 범위였고, 노지의 경우 각각 3.52~4.70 및 0.43~2.19% 범위로 숙도 단계에 따라 유의적인(P<0.05) 차이를 보였다. 숙도별로 pH는 점차 높아졌고, 적정산도는 반대의 경향을 보였다. 재배 방법별로는 후기 단계로 갈수록 시설 재배가 유의적으로(P<0.01) pH와 적정산도 모두 높아졌다. 주요 유리당으로는 fructose와 glucose가 검출되었고 함량은 각각 0.44~4.85% 및 0.43~4.79% 범위 수준으로 나타났으며, 숙도에 따라 유의적으로(P<0.05) 증가하였다. 재배 방법별로는 유의적으로(P<0.01) 시설 재배의 유리당 함량이 높았다. 주요 유기산으로는 citric acid, D-malic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid가 검출되었고, 각각의 함량은 0.47~2.50 g/100 g, 0.22~0.53 g/100 g, 0.23~0.49 g/100 g, 0.29~1.04 g/100 g의 범위 수준으로 나타났다. 숙도가 증가함에 따라 점차 감소하였는데, 주로 citric acid의 급격한 감소의 영향으로 보인다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 노지 재배 오디는 171.74~482.98 mg/100 g, 시설 재배 오디는 126.21~471.41 mg/100 g의 범위 수준을 나타내었고, 숙도에 따라 유의적으로(P<0.05) 증가하였다. 유의적인 차이가 없는 마지막 단계를 제외하고, 나머지 단계에서 유의적인(P<0.05) 차이로 노지 재배 오디의 함량이 시설 재배 오디에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 62.72~174.60 mg/100 g, 94.34~197.53 mg/100 g의 범위 수준을 나타내었다. 숙도가 진행됨에 따라 노지 및 시설 재배의 경우 모두 함량은 유의적으로(P<0.05) 감소하였다가 증가하였다. 노지 재배 오디의 함량이 시설 재배에 비하여 모든 숙도 단계에서 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높게 나타났다. 총 안토니시아닌 함량은 각각 0.00~337.43 mg/100 g, 0.00~349.85 mg/100 g의 범위로 나타났고, 숙도별로 유의적인(P<0.05) 차이를 보였다. DPPH 항산화 활성은 각각 62.15~337.76 mg AA eq./g, 81.57~313.23 mg AA eq./g 범위를 나타내었다. 숙도가 진행됨에 따라 항산화력은 증가하였고, 숙도 말기에 급격히 증가하였다. ABTS 항산화력은 각각 61.10~663.03 mg AA eq./100 g, 77.02~784.43 mg AA eq./100 g 범위를 나타내었다. 숙도가 진행됨에 따라 총 항산화력은 증가하였고 숙도 말기에 급격히 증가하였다. 이 결과로 보아 오디의 경우는 충분히 숙성된 후 수확하여 이용하는 것이 좋은 것으로 판단된다. 또한 품질 상 차이가 없고 장마철 수확기인 오디의 특성상 수확량이 많고 오염의 가능성이 적은 시설재배가 바람직한 것으로 보인다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.164-176
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• 1998

This study deals with the current medical utilization for migrant workers and the characteristics of them. The purpose of this study is to provide the basic information to establish proper medical policy. For the study self-made questionnaire was used, which was answered by 453 migrant workers working in the area of manufacturing and non-technical work in 10 cities like Seoul, Inchon, Namyangju, Sungnam, Kwangju, Pyungchon, Kunpo, Kimpo, Masuk in Kyungki-do and Chunan in Chungchungnam-do. Besides, 303 medical records of those who had visited free medical check-up center were analyzed. The period of accumulating data is 6 months, from November 1st, 1996 to April 30th, 1997. The characteristics of migrant workers and current medical utilization are analyzed by percentage and the relation between characteristics and current medical utilization were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA. The finding of this study was as follows : 1) The number of nationality was 16. The first majority was Philippians as 32.0%. Among 16 nationalities Southeastern and Northern Asians were 48.9%, Southwestern Asian was 46.5%, the rest was 7.3%. Men were 81.0%, those who are aged from 26 to 30 were 39.0%, Graduatee from high school 92.7%, Christians 56.3%, unmarried 55.4% and salary from 600,000 Won to 800,000 Won 53.8% averaging monthly payment 669,810 Won. As for their residence, those who resided over 3 years were 31.9% and the illegal residence reached 77.4%. As for Korean language, those who speak in middle level were 5.6%. 2) As for kind of work and circumstances, manufacturing was 81.1%, 4 off-days per month 72.2% and 9-10 working hours per day 42.1%. As for accommodation, residence in fabric was 62.6% and one or two members as roommate 40.2%. 3) The characteristics of health behavior showed that 89.4% of migrant workers had 3 meals, 70.9% of them did not drink alcohol, 73.5% of them did not smoke. 4) As a characteristic of health status, 71.8% of them perceived of their health. 76.1% thought that they had no illness before coming Korea. Among them who recognized their illness, those who had problem in circulatory system was 35.3%, respiratory system ENT 19.1% and nervous system 19.1%.66.2% of those having illness had already had sickness when coming to Korea. 5) During last one month, 79.2% of them were known as ones having no illness. Among the sick, those who had problem in circulatory system was 31.6%, nervous system 23.7% and respiratory system 21.1%. 60.3% of the sick were not cured at that time. 6) Sorting the symptom of those who visited free medical check up, dental care was 24.2%, orthopedic 14.0% and digestive system 13.8%. Teethache was 34.4%, stomach problem 11.6%, upper respiratory inflammation 10.2% and back pain 5.9%. Averagely they visited free medical check up 1-2 times. According to symptom, epilepsy 25.5 times, heart and vascular disease 9 times, constipation 2.8%, neurosis 2.38 times and stomach problem 2.34 times. 7) The most frequently visited medical service by migrant workers was hospital. The most mentioned reason was good healing as 36.3%. The medical service satisfied migrant workers mostly was hospital as 64.3%. The reason of satisfaction was also good healing as 45.9%. 8) 77.2% of respondents did not spend money for medical check. Average monthly medical cost was 25,100 Won, 3.7% of income. Those who had no medical security was 73.4%. In their case, 67.7% got discount from hospital or support from working place and religious organization. 9) As for the difference of medical utilization according for the characteristics of migrant workers, legal workers and no-Korean speaker used hospital more frequently. 10) Those who were satisfied most of all with the service of hospital were female workers, hinduists and buddhists, legal workers or manufacture workers. 11) Christians, those who have 3 meals or recognize themselves as healthy ones mostly had no illness. As a result, the most of migrant workers in Korea are from Asia. They are good educated but are working in manufacturing and illegal. Their average income is under 700,000 Won which in not enough for medical cost. They have no medical security and medical fee is supported by religious organization or discounted. Considering these facts the medical policy by government is to be established.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제80권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 1991

화분(花粉)의 특징(特徵)으로서 우리나라에서 자라고 있는 참나무과(科)의 분류군(分類群)을 식별(識別)하고자 하였다. 5속(屬) 19종류(種類)의 화분(花粉)에 대(對)하여 광학현미경(光學顯微鏡)과 주사형전자현미경(走査型電子顯微鏡) 관찰(觀察)로서 얻은 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 본과(本科)의 화분(花粉)은 4개(個)의 주형(主型)과 4개(個)의 부형(副型)(Quercus)으로 분류(分類)되었다. 1) 너도 밤나무형(型) 2) 밤나무형(型) 3) 돌참나무, 잣밤나무형(型) 4) 참나무형(型) (1) 가시나무부형(副型) (2) 갈참나무부형(副型) (3) 떡갈나무부형(副型) (4) 상수리나무부형(副型) 2. 화분(花粉)의 과립상문(顆粒狀紋)의 형태(形態)는 참나무속(屬)의 각두인편(殼斗鱗片)의 형태분화(形態分化)와 관계(關係)가 깊은 것으로 나타났다. 1) 화분표면(花粉表面)의 균일(均一)한 분기과립상문(分岐顆粒狀紋)은 각두인편(殼斗鱗片)이 동심원상(同心圓狀)으로 배열(配列)하는 형질(形質)과 상응(相應)되었다. 2) 화분표면(花粉表面)에 대소과립(大小顆粒), 단과립(單顆粒)과 괴상과립(塊狀顆粒)등이 혼재(混在)하고 괴상과립상(塊狀顆粒狀)의 소철점(小凸占)이 구형(球型)인 형질(形質)은 단인편상각두(短鱗片狀殼斗) 형질(形質)에 상응(相應)하였다. 3) 화분표면(花粉表面)에 대소과립(大小顆粒), 단과립(單顆粒)과 괴상과립(塊狀顆粒)등이 혼재(混在)하고 괴상과립(塊狀顆粒)의 선단(先端)이 Amoeba형(型)을 이루는 형질(形質)은 떡갈나무와 같이 각두인편(殼斗鱗片)이 박질세장(薄質細長)한 형질(形質)과 상응(相應)하였다. 4) 화분표면(花粉表面)에 대소과립(大小顆粒)이 혼재(混在)하나 단과립문(單顆粒紋)만 있는 형질(形質)은 상수리나무의 각두(殼斗)와 같이 후질세장(厚質細長)한 각두인편(殼斗鱗片)의 형질(形質)과 상응(相應)하였다. 3. 화분표면(花粉表面)의 무늬형태(形態), 표면미공(表面微孔)의 유무(有無), 화분잎(花粉粒)의 크기 및 과립(顆粒)의 형태(形態)를 수량화(數量化)하여 Cluster분석(分析)을 한 결과(結果)는 기(旣) 식물계통(植物系統) 분류체계(分類體系)와 잘 부합(符合)되었고 종이하수준(種以下水準)에서도 유연관계(有緣關係)를 잘 나타내 주었다.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of sexual adjustment and quality of life in married men with spinal cord injuries and to furnish primary data to sexuality rehabilitation nursing practice which can lead to ideal sexual life and quality of life those men with SCI. Seventy married men with SCI were conveniently sampled in Kwangju, Suncheon, Mokpo and Seoul for responding the questionnaire, which was based on this research. With the research scale, SIS (Sexual interest and satisfaction) by Siosteen et al.(1990) and SB(Sexual behaviour) by Kreuter et al.(1996) were used for the measurement of sexual adjustment. And, for measuring quality of life was used SCI QL-23(Spinal cord injury of life-23) scale by Lundqvist et al.(1997). Data were collected from January 20 to March 20, 1999, using a structured questionnaire. A hundred volumes of questionnaire were used. and 85 volumes were collected, 70 volumes were used as research data after excluding 15 volumes unsuitable to data analysis. The obtain data were analysed using percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation by SAS PC+ program. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of sexual interest and satisfaction of the subjects was 8.42. out of 18. The ways of their sexual behavior after spinal cord injuries were embracing and caressing (62.9%), kissing(58.6%), caressing breast with hands (55.7%), caressing breast with hands (52.9%), caressing genitals with hands (37.2%), caressing genitals with mouth(30.0%) and sexual intercourse (18.6%). The mean score of quality of life was 52.53 out of 100. 2. Age(F=3.24, p=.045) and caregiver (F=4.02, p=.022)were major variables which reveals significant differences in terms for sexual interest and satisfaction. The later results on Duncan's test showed that subjects who were in their 30s or 40s were significant higher than subjects whose age were in their 50s in their sexual interest and satisfaction. Also subjects with their spouse's care or mother's care were higher than those with other's care. 3. Subjects with incomplete paraplegia were higher than those with the complete paraplegia in sexual interest and satisfaction (F=3.01, p=.036). 4. Variables that showed the significant differences in the quality of life were education(t=2.860, p=.007) and period of marriage(t=2.125, p=.037). and occupational status(t=-2.161, p=.034). High school graduates, those who married before spinal cord injuries and those who didn't have occupation were higher than the other subjects. 5. Variables that revealed significant differences in the quality of life were time passage after spinal cord injuries(F=8.72, p=.001) and injured level of spinal cord(F=3.32, p=.042). Duncan's test showed that subjects who had lived for less than 4 years were higher those with time passage of 5-9 years and 10 years. Also subjects with lumbar injuries were higher than those with thoracic injuries in terms of quality of life. 6. There was negatively correlated between sexual interest and satisfaction and quality of life(r=-.256, p<.05). As a result of these findings sexuality rehabilitation for individuals with SCI was very important issue for their quality of life. Thus, registered nurses who care clients with SCI should activily participate in the client's sexual needs. Also, various sexual behaviors as well as sexual intercourse should be encouraged for the sexual adjustment of client's with SCI.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.418-430
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• 2009

두루미류 취식무리의 미소 취식지 선호에 대한 특성을 밝히기 위하여 철원지역에서 월동기인 2005년 12월에서 2006년 2월, 2007년 1월에서 2월까지 총 12회 실시하였다. 두루미와 재두루미가 먹이로 하는 쌀 낙곡의 밀도는 논의 중앙보다 가장자리에 많았다. 하지만, 두루미류는 논의 중앙보다는 논둑 인근 지역을 취식장소로 이용하는 경우가 많았다. 상대적으로 재두루미는 두루미에 비하여 논의 중앙 지역을 취식장소로 이용하는 비율이 높았다. 두루미의 경우 논둑이 높고 논둑 식생의 높이가 높은 경우와 논둑 높이와 식생의 높이를 합한 높이가 높은 경우를 취식위치로 선호하였다. 재두루미는 논둑, 식생, 논둑과 식생의 높이 합이 키에 비하여 높은 경우를 선호하지 않았다. 또한, 두루미와 재두루미에서 모두 은폐지역에서 취식하는 비율이 날씨요인과 관계가 없었다. 이러한 결과는 두루미류가 개방된 취식지(수평가시권이 넓은 지역)를 선호한다는 기존 가설과는 달리 은폐된 취식지를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 종간의 비교에서는 두루미가 재두루미에 비하여 은폐된 지역을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 무리크기별 은폐지역과 비은폐지역 취식비율은 두루미와 재두루미 모두 무리크기를 고려하지 않은 취식비율과 차이가 없었다. 결과적으로 두루미가 은폐지역을 선호하고 재두루미가 은폐지역에 상관없이 취식지를 선택하는 경향은 취식무리의 크기에 좌우되지 않는 종 특이적인 성향을 보였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 1994

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 강원대학교(江原大學校) 임과대학(林科大學) 부속연습림(附屬演習林)의 임도개설유역(林道開設流域)을 중심으로 우기(雨期)의 계류수(溪流水)에 함유되어 있는 부유토사량(浮遊土砂量)을 측정하므로써 임도개설(林道開設)에 따른 토사유출(土砂流出) 변화(變化)를 파악하고자 진행하였다. 이를 위해 임도개설유역(林道開設流域)의 강우량(降雨量)과 유출량(流出量), 유출량(流出量)과 부유토사량(浮遊土砂量)의 관계를 규명하였으며, 아울러 임도개설유역(林道開設流域)과 미개설유역(未開設流域)의 강우량(降雨量)에 따른 부유토사량(浮遊土砂量)의 변화에 대하여 비교, 분석하였다. 1. 임도개설유역(林道開設流域)에 있어서 우기(雨期)의 강우량(降雨量)과 유출량(流出量)의 관계는 Table 3 및 Fig. 3와 같이 수문곡선(水文曲線)의 Peakpoint는 강우강도(降雨强度) 및 전강우량(前降雨量) 등에 따라 형성시간(形成時間)과 높이가 상이하였다. 즉 6월(月)12일(日)의 강우(降雨)(a)(20mm이상이 4시간 지속)에서는 3시간 경과 후에 $1514m^3/hour$, 8월(月) 8일(日)의 강우(降雨)(b)(최대(最大) 시우량(時雨量) 40mm)경우는 동일(同一) 시간대(時間帶)에서 $1246m^3/hour$, 그리고 8월(月) 20일(日)의 강우(降雨)(c)(최대(最大) 시우량(時雨量) 17.2mm)의 경우는 2시간 경과 후에 $1245m^3/hour$의 Peak point가 형성되었다. 2. 임도개설유역(林道開設流域)에서 유출량(流出量)과 부유토사량(浮遊土砂量)의 관계는 유출량(流出量)에 비례하여 부유토사량(浮遊土砂量)도 증가하였다(Table 4 및 Fig. 4). 즉 강우(降雨)(a)는 최대유출량(最大流出量)이 $1514m^3/hour$일 때 부유토사량(浮遊土砂量) 1261mg/l가 1시간 후에 나타났고, 강우(降雨)(b) 및 (c)는 각각 최대유출량(最大流出量) $1246m^3/hour$과 $1245m^3/hour$일 때 최대부유토사량(最大浮遊土砂量) 4952mg/l와 472mg/l가 동일시간대(同一時間帶)에서 나타났다. 3. 강우중(降雨中)의 부유토사량(浮遊土砂量)의 농도(濃度)는 강우강도(降雨强度)에 강하게 영향받고 있으며, 특히 강우강도(降雨强度)가 강할수록 곡선회귀(曲線回歸)의 형태(形態)로 증가하였다. 임도개설유역(林道開設流域)에서의 부유토사농도(浮遊土砂濃度)의 Peak point는 강우(降雨)(a)의 경우 1261mg/l와 125mg/l, 강우(降雨)(b)는 4952mg/l와 44mg/l, 그리고 강우(降雨)(c)는 472mg/l와 4mg/l로서 유역간(流域間)에 현격한 차이가 나타났다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.152-162
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• 1978

The desire to maintain health is increasing, consequently the role of nursing which has as one chief aim the solving of man′s basic problems is more and more important. Today, in spite of a growing concern about the nursing activities which nurses provide for individual human having specific needs, clinically in fact, it is questionable that individual′s expectation of nursing activities agrees with nurse′s performance of nursing activities. In this study the importance and agreement of the importance of the nursing activities during the hospitalized puerperal period as viewed by women in the puerperal period and by nurses caring for them, were assessed. The present study was undertaken in an attempt to furnish the basic data for expediting the progress of research activities in this area and further to be helpful in planning maternity nursing practice. The study population defined and selected was nurses (13) caring for women in the puerperal period and doing duty on obstetric & gynecologic ward at Y. hospital, and the women in puerperal period (39) as sum of 3 women selected by each nurse during the period of May 13th-June 4th 1976. The study data was collected by the direct interview method based on the questionnaire which the investigator made out. The study result was analyzed by percentage, t - test. The findings can be summarized as follows: 1. General characteristics of nurses doing duty on puerperal ward: a. Nurses′average age was 24.8 years old. b. 84.6% had educational background of 4 years of college. c. 69.2% had a religion. d. 53.8% were married. e. 53.8% had clinical experience of 1 year -3 years. f, 61.5% did duty on puerperal ward during 1 year -3 years. g. 46.2% desired to do duty on obstetric ? gynecologic ward. 2. General characteristics of the women who were studied during their puerperal period: a. Women′s average age was 26.4 years old. b. 79.5% had educational background above high school. c. 56.4% had a religion. d. 84.6% had living standard above medium. e. 89.7% had no occupation. f, 53,8% had previous hospitalization experience. g. 56.4% had previous delivery experience. 3. Examining the importance of 39 nursing activities during puerperal period selected by investigator, studied group of women considered that the most important nursing activity was "Record precisely about condition, medical treatment and nursing activity results etc". Nurses considered that the most important nursing activity was "Notice whether having pain and care for that". Both groups considered that the least important nursing activity was "Talk with her about topics such as news, hobbies, other interests". 4. Examining the importance of nursing activities in 4 specific categories, studied group of women considered that the most important nursing activity in physical nursing category was "Be sure of safety measure to prevent accidents, injuries", and nurses considered that the most important nursing activity was "Make her sleep and rest sufficiently". Studied group of women considered that the most important nursing activity in psychological category was "Explain about medical treatment and nursing activity ahead of time so she knows what to expect" , and nurses considered that the most important nursing activity was "Explain about puerperal period so she understands". Studied group of women considered that the most important nursing activity in relation to medical care was "Record precisely about condition, medical treatment and nursing activity results etc.", and nurses considered that the most important nursing activity was "Observing, cleaning and protecting the perineum" Studied group of women considered that the most important nursing activity in nursing category in preparation for discharge was "Instruct about personnel hygiene during puerperal period", and nurses considered that the most important nursing activity was "Instruct self-care to protect the perineum". 5. The analysis of this study showed a significant amount of disagreement computed by subtracting the nurse′s score from the patient′s score. Studied group of women put greater importance on physical nursing category, psychological nursing category, nursing in relation to medical care, than the nurses. These results were statistically significant at 0.01 level.