• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1984

This study was undertaken to investigate the general attitude toward science and scientific inquiry behavior of underachiever at the junior high school level. In this study, underachiever was defined as the one who is below the minimum acceptable performance level because of his/her deficiencies in prerequisites but who has the capability to reach the required mastery level in normal classroom. For the identification of the underachiever, IQ test and achievement test in science which were developed by the investigators were used. The attitude test which was to measure the general attitude toward science and scientific inquiry behaviors of the underachiever was also developed by the investigators. The tests were given to 250 1st grade junior high school students in one experimental school. Out of 250, 55 underachievers were identified. For the study, 55 underachievers with 57 normal students were compared. The findings of this study showed that there were significant differencies between underachievers and normal students in both attitude toward science and scientific inquiry behavior. They can be summarized as follows; 1. Awareness on science by underachievers was minimal compared to normal students. 2. Compared to normal students, there was a tendency by underachievers to think the influence of science on their real life is remote. 3. Underaschievers were less positive, less voluntary and were less persistent in science activities than normal students. 4. Underachievers were less interested in science than normal students. These findings showed us that there were significant relation between the attitude and achievement level. This suggests that fostering attitude toward science and scientific inquiry behavior is needed for the improvement of achievement level of underachievers.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) and investment-cash flow sensitivity, which is a surrogate for financing constraints. Research design, data, and methodology - Taking China's A-share listed companies between 2009 and 2016 as a sample, this paper empirically tests the relationship between CSRD and investment-cash flow sensitivity by Panel VAR model. By introducing the orthogonal impulse response function, this paper distinguishes the fundamental factors and financial ones that affect corporate investment behavior. Results - Findings indicate that: (1) investment-cash flow sensitivity of firms with low level of CSRD is significantly lower than that of firms with high level of CSRD; (2) the orthogonal impulse response of corporate investment to cash flow in firms with high level of CSRD is significantly different from zero, but it is not significant in firms with low level of CSRD; (3) for firms with low level of CSRD, 0.7% of corporate investment volatility can be explained by the change in cash flow, which is lower than that of firms with high level of CSRD (1.1%). Conclusions - Corporations disclosing more and higher quality CSRD are often those faced with financing constraints. Voluntary disclosure can help them alleviate information asymmetry and financing constraints.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.431-443
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate health behavior related to particulate matter (PM) in older adults and examine the factors affecting it. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. Data were collected from 150 voluntary older adult participants from Songpa-gu in Seoul. The survey questions measured service perception and experience related to PM, risk perception related to PM, attitude toward risk of PM, and health behavior related to PM. Results: The average score for health behavior related to PM was 79.37, ranging from 51 to 115. There was a significant positive correlation between health behavior related to PM and risk perception related to PM (r=.58, p<.001) as well as between health behavior related to PM and attitude toward risk of PM (r=.70, p<.001). Multiple linear regression revealed that health behavior related to PM was predicted by levels of the existence of disease related to PM (β=.14, p=.019), service experience related to PM (β=.20, p=.021), risk perception related to PM (β=.20, p=.019), and attitude toward risk of PM (β=.44, p<.001). The model including these variables accounted for 47.0% of health behavior related to PM. Conclusion: Korean older adults have the low level of health behavior related to PM. The findings of this study emphasize that risk perception and attitude toward risk of PM should be evaluated, and the underlying diseases related to PM and their service experience should be considered in developing intervention to improve health behavior related to PM.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.315-329
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• 2010

This study focused on analysis of the satisfaction level of specialty shops for environment-friendly agricultural products (EFAP). To analyze the satisfaction level of EF AP, a series of household surveys were conducted. Questionnaire was prepared on the basis of the SERVQUAL model and the structural equation modeling was made on the basis of the contents surveyed. The main results of this study are summarized as follows. Firstly, tangibles structured with store clearance, neat uniform, information and others is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Secondly, reliability structured with service practice, problem solving, and service in accurate time is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Thirdly, assurance structured with the reliability of employees, sufficient knowledge of employees, courteous and good manner is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Fourthly, responsiveness structured with prompt service, voluntary help, customer response service and the like is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Fifthly, the sympathy structured in interest for each customer, provision of service in time convenient to use, encountering the customers with genuine feeling are the factors of service quality satisfaction. And sixthly, the service satisfaction factors would influence on the consumer behavior factors.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2023

Objectives: To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), behaviors such as mask-wearing, social distancing, decreasing mobility, and avoiding crowds have been suggested, especially in high-risk countries such as Indonesia. Unfortunately, the level of compliance with those practices has been low. This study was conducted to determine the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors of COVID-19 prevention behavior in Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a mixed-methods approach. The participants were 264 adults from 21 provinces in Indonesia recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a Google Form and in-depth interviews. Statistical analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression. Furthermore, qualitative data analysis was done through content analysis and qualitative data management using Atlas.ti software. Results: Overall, 44.32% of respondents were non-compliant with recommended COVID-19 prevention behaviors. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, low-to-medium education level, poor attitude, insufficient involvement of leaders, and insufficient regulation were also associated with decreased community compliance. Based on in-depth interviews with informants, the negligence of the Indonesian government in the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to the unpreparedness of the community to face the pandemic, as people were not aware of the importance of preventive practices. Conclusions: Education level is not the only factor influencing community compliance with recommended COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Changing attitudes through health promotion to increase public awareness and encouraging voluntary community participation through active risk communication are necessary. Regulations and role leaders are also required to improve COVID-19 prevention behavior.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-50
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• 1997

'I'his study investigated students' attitude toward mathematics. and how behavior/cognitive training affects level of math anxietv and level of math achievement. Subjects were all the freshmen attending Taejon Science High School, and they were given Mathematics Attitudes Scale and Attributional Style Questionnaire prior to and post training sessions. Twenty out of 84 freshmen voluntarily participated in nine sessions of training program. Participants were asked to do self-evaluation. Math achievement was measured prior to and post training. and was compared between two groups. Training program utilized behavior/cognitive approach. such as understanding one's feeling through muscle relaxation, breathing and meditation; modifying negative attributional style; imitating effective cognitive strategies for math problem solving, and so on. 'I'he result shows that students' math confidence in general was relatively low out of expectation, a nd they perceived teachers not supporting their math abilities :IS much as expected. On the other hand, students in general had strong math achievelment needs, and considered math utility very high. Sex difference was seen in the attitude toward female math abilities, to result that female students had more positive perception than male students. Female students of 'I'aejon Science High School seem free from conventional idea about female abilities including theirs. Participants' ~attitude change was compared with non-participants. and participants showed statistically significant change in their math confidence, and also in their math achievement. Participants had much higher math confidence and ~achievement than non-participants. And, they showed increased level of perceiving teachers' expectation. more realistic in needs, and more involvement in math. Math achievement was found positively related to math confidence, and participants' math achievement change was explained by their belief in math utility. Not only training program effect hut also participants' voluntary involvement and teacher\ulcorner' support of the program and participation seem to increase their math achievement. Based upon the result of study it was suggested that behavior-/cognitive training program be provided along with academic curricula for gifted students of Korea to help their emotional and psychological development enhance the efficacy of their cognitive learning.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2011

본 논문의 목적은 마이크로 블로그를 사용함에 있어서 자발적인 자기 노출에 영향을 주는 요인을 살펴보는데 있다. 마이크로 블로그 사용이 폭발적으로 증가하고 있는 상황에서, 자신의 정보를 자발적으로 노출하는 사람들에 대한 연구는 아직도 부족한 실정이다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구는 마이크로 블로그 상에서 자발적인 자기 노출의 과정을 계획된 행위이론에 근거하여 조사하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 자기노출에 대한 태도, 주관적 규범, 인지된 행위 통제 등의 변수를 자기 노출 행위의 선행변수로 설정하였다. 또 프라이버시 염려, 인지된 즐거움, 사회적 참여를 위한 정보 동기, 관계적 동기의 자기 노출 태도에 대한 영향 정도를 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 우선 자기노출에 대한 태도, 주관적 규범, 인지된 행위 통제 등의 변수는 자기노출 행위에 대해 통계적으로 유의한 관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 인지된 즐거움을 제외하곤 프라이버시 염려, 정보 동기 및 관계적 동기 등은 통계적으로 유의한 관계를 갖고 있지 않은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1348-1364
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• 2011

기존의 아동용 에듀테인먼트 콘텐츠는 교육에 사용되는 학습 교구 및 콘텐츠가 교육 대상자에 대하여 반응을 일방적으로 유도하는 수동적인 교육이 이루어져 능동적이고 자발적인 학 습이 가능하도록 하는 콘텐츠 개발 방법이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 행위기반 에듀테인먼트 콘텐츠의 상호작용 교구로서 주사위 형태의 체감형 인터페이스 개발과 깊이 영상 정보 기반의 손동작 인식 기술을 활용한 아동용 에듀테인먼트 콘텐츠 개발 방법을 제안하였다. 또한 교수자가 전체적인 학습 코스웨어를 설정하고 관리 할 수 있는 학습 퀴즈 문제 저작 관리 도구 및 교육발달에 대한 실시간 모니터링용 학습 결과 로그 분석 시스템을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 행위 기반 체감형 인터페이스 및 에듀테인먼트 콘텐츠는 조작이 간편하고 실체적 인터랙션을 제공하므로 서 흥미를 더해 능동적이고 자발적인 학습이 가능하다. 또한 학습퀴즈 콘텐츠 저작 관리 도구와 학습 결과 로그 분석 시스템은 아동에 대한 수준별 학습프로그램 구성이 가능하고 또한 아동들이 학습을 스스로 문제를 풀어가는 과정과 얻어진 결과를 바탕으로 이용자의 학습 발달 상황 및 행태를 파악하고 학습계획에 대한 평가 자료로 활용하므로 서 아동의 학습발달에 대한 실시간 모니터링이 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.161-171
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of parents knowledge on oral health status toward their children. This study was carried out to investigate and analyze the cognitive degree of dental subjects and general public who have an experience to be treated for their dental knowledge, operative dentistry, and dental prothesis in the oral health care through the questionnaires. The results are as follows : 1 : In questioning the frequency in the visitation of dental clinic, 68.8% usually go to see dentists, if children's teeth have trouble. It was the reason that economical standard and educational level were enhanced as before. 57.6% took a kind of medical measures. 2 : In surveying the preference of dentists’ age or gender, 56.9% preferred younger dentists to older or female dentists. On the contrary, 56.9% children want younger dentists, and 64.8% children want female dentist doctor. As a conclusion, the preference of dentists’ age or gender is relevant with a view to remove big horror, which can be evoked by dental measures. 3 : In questioning the possession amount of decayed teeth, 45.8% have more than four. Usually those parents who have children filled their decayed teeth with artificial or installed with dental prosthesis. As a conclusion, age is relevant in this study in p<0.05 level. 4 : In asking for efficient starting-year of tooth brushing, 42.6% said that 2 or 3 year age is the most efficient, and especially 80.6% teach children to learn brushing themselves. (P<0.05). As a conclusion, the voluntary brushing can be good behaviour for good dental health. 5 : In surveying the way they obtained dental information, 38.9% were given form mass media, but 90% were once not delivered with the education of dental health. Because parents have been known narrow and deficient information of dental health through mass media, experts in dental health have to deliver help their parents to be delivered with systematical dental information. The conclusion of this study can be summarized that parents' role is very important to their children's tooth health and the education program for systematical dental information should be delivered to their parents.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.191-208
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• 2012

본 연구는 청소년의 윤리적 소비교육의 실효성을 극대화할 수 있는 방안을 탐색해 보고자, 중고등학생 587명을 대상으로 가정 학교 사회에서의 윤리적 소비 교육 경험과 윤리적 소비행동에 대해 살펴보았다. 연구결과 첫째, 청소년들의 윤리적 소비 교육 경험들이 대체적으로 높지 않게 나타났으며, 이 중 학교소비자교육에 대한 교육 경험이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 윤리적 소비행동 영역에서는 녹색소비를 중심으로 한 미래세대를 위한 소비자교육이 많이 이루어지고 있었다. 둘째, 학교 프로그램에서는 행사 및 봉사활동에 참여함으로써, 사회 프로그램에서는 벼룩시장 참여를 통해 윤리적 소비를 많이 접하고 있었다. 그리고 인터넷을 통한 윤리적 소비 교육의 접촉 빈도가 높은 경향을 나타내고 있다. 셋째, 청소년 소비자의 윤리적 소비 행동 수준이 전반적으로 높지 않으므로, 윤리적 소비 교육이 지속적으로 행해져야 한다. 특히 동시대 인류를 위한 소비 교육이 더 요구되어진다. 넷째, 청소년 소비자의 윤리적 소비행동에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 여성인 경우, 가정소비자교육과 학교소비자교육을 많이 받을수록, 학년이 저학년일수록 더욱 윤리적인 소비행동을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같이 가정 학교 사회에서의 윤리적 소비교육의 중요성이 나타나므로, 서로 연계하여 청소년 스스로 경험을 통해 터득할 수 있도록 실생활과 연관된 교육방법과 교육내용의 개발이 이루어져야 할 것이다.