• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.69-73
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was carried out to analyse the skin of the Hand lesser yang in human. Methods: The Hand lesser yang meridian was labeled with latex in the body surface of the cadaver, subsequently dissecting a body among superficial fascia and muscular layer in order to observe internal structures. Results: This study has come to the conclusion that a depth of the skin has encompassed a common integument and a immediately below superficial fascia, and this study established the skin boundary with adjacent structures such as relative muscle, tendon as compass. The skin area of the Hand lesser yang in human is as follows: The skin close to the ulnar root angle of 4th finger nail, above between 4th and 5th metacarpal bone, between extensor digit. minimi tendon(t.) and extensor digit. t., extensor digit. m(muscle). at 2, 4, 7 cun above dorsal carpal striation, triceps brachii m. t., deltoid m., trapezius m., just around the ear, upper orbicularis oculi m. Conclusions: The skin area of the Hand lesser yang from anatomical viewpoint seems to be the skin area outside the superficial fascia or the muscle involved in the pathway of the Hand lesser yang meridian, the collateral meridian, the meridian muscle, with the condition that we consider adjacent skins.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.577-584
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine how the term Yin-Yang and Sasang categorized in the book "Huangdineijing". In order to investigate how the terms are used, we reviewed the text including the terms expressed in the manner of [(Yin/Yang) within (Yin/Yang)] and [Sasang]. We found three forms of expressions; [(Yin/Yang) within (Yin/Yang)], [Sasang], [(Sasang) within (Yin/Yang)]. Two paragraphs of [(Yin/Yang) within (Yin/Yang)] was found in one chapter, two paragraphs of [(Sasang)] was found in two chapters, and three paragraphs of [(Sasang) within (Yin/Yang)] was found in three chapters. We found five types of relation between [(Yin/Yang) within (Yin/Yang)], [Sasang], and five phases in "Huangdi neijing" as follows; (1) Yang within Yin, lesser Yang, and wood (2) Yang within Yang, greater Yang, and fire (3) ( ), ( ), and extreme Yin (4) Yin within Yang, lesser Yin, and metal, and (5) Yin within Yin, greater Yin, and water. And, as for the [(Yin/Yang) within (Yin/Yang)] and [(Sasang) within (Yin/Yang)], the classification criteria for Yin-Yang were brightness, abdomen/back or lumbar. The order of Sasang with the description form of [Sasang] or [(Sasang) within (Yin/Yang)] in "Siqi Tiaoshen Dalun" and "Liu Jie ZangXiang Theory" was lesser Yang, greater Yang, greater Yin, and lesser Yin, which is based on the meridian system or a plant-shaped change order. We discussed the results and its implication for the analysis of medical classics with the consideration of previous studies on Yin-Yang theories in "Huangdi neijing".

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1207-1220
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• 2009

Through the study on the constitution-favored food by each constitution, we can draw below conclusions : The number of food that corresponds to that on more than 3 literatures showed over 40 for lesser yang person, greater yin person and lesser yin person, however, the number for greater yang person only appeared about 20, half of the number for the others. This is considered to have resulted from the not-enough studies on greater yang person for its rarity. When looking into the portion of the constitution-favored food for each constitution, the portion of cereals, bulbous plants and beans takes 27% (average 16.4% in the constitution-favored food)for greater yin person-favored food, the portion of vegetables and mushroom shares 29%(average 23.6% in the constitution-favored food) for lesser yin person, while the portion of fish, shellfish and other sea-food shows an average 25%, almost same figure for greater yang person, lesser yang person and lesser yin person, but its portion for greater yin person comes up the lowest figure at 16.2%. The portion of fruit shows relatively bigger figure in the constitution-favored food for lesser yang person and greater yin person, while smaller for greater yang person and lesser yin person. Meat, milk and milk products, eggs, oil and fats, condiments and flavors are not found in the greater yang person-favored food. When classifying the constitution-favored food by 4-Chi, the cold-natured food which favorers for lesser yang person shows a major portion, and when classifying it by 5 tastes, the sweety food becomes major, further, when classifying it by the benefited organ, the food benefiting to spleen and stomach, the lesser yin person favored food, appears prevalent. Above conclusion, based on approximately 300 kinds of food which are classified as constitutional food on literatures, suggests the necessity of a steady study and requires us to develop new constitutional food with the contemporary technology of food-processing and to determine the constitutional suitability on the newly introduced food which is increasing its numbers through importation due to frequent oversea trading.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

Objectives This research was performed to establish the clinical practice guideline(CPG) for Lesser Yin Symptomatology of Soeumin disease. Methods Dongeui suse bowon(sinchuk edition), textbook for Sasang constitutional medicine, Clinical guidebook for Sasang constitutional medicine, and standardization reports on Sasang constitutional medicine and papers concerning symptomatology of Soeumin Disease, especially Lesser Yin Symptomatology was collected and classified. Additionally experts' conference was held to make agreement on the conflicting issues on a regular basis. Results & Conclusions There was no concerning paper on Lesser Yin Symptomatology. Experts' agreement was needed to establish the CPG. Lesser Yin pattern can be classified into 2 groups; Lesser Yin severe pattern and Lesser Yin critical pattern. There are Lesser Yin pattern accompanied abdominal pain and bowel irritability pattern and Lesser Yin pattern accompanied green tinged watery diarrhea pattern in Lesser Yin severe pattern. There are Visceral syncope pattern and Exuberant yin repelling yang pattern in Lesser Yin critical pattern. Lesser Yin symptomatology has several symptoms like abdominal pain and diarrhea, thirst, oral discomfort, chest discomfort, whole body pain, articular pain and coldness of hands and feet. Additionally there are abdominal pain and diarrhea in Lesser Yin symptomatology accompanied abdominal pain and bowel irritability pattern, there is green tinged watery diarrhea in Lesser Yin pattern accompanied green tinged watery diarrhea pattern and if this symptoms exacerbate, delirious speech and constipation can occur. There are restlessness and coldness on hands and feet in Visceral syncope pattern and severe restlessness and coldness on hands and feet and symptom which the patient cannot drink water in Exuberant yin repelling yang.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.159-167
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to find a desirable way for acupuncture treatment of Alzheimer Disease. Methods : The authors reviewed several literatures about 'Alzheimer Disease' and 'Dementia'. Based on the review, we interpreted the causes and symptoms on viewpoint of three yin and three yang, and also researched desirable way for acupuncture treatment of Alzheimer Disease. Results and Conclusions : The symptoms of Alzheimer Disease belong to the unbalance between reverting yin and lesser yang. The factors affecting attack rate of Alzheimer Disease are also related with the unbalance between reverting yin and lesser yang. It is necessary to inhibit the function of reverting yin and to activate the function of lesser yang for the acupuncture treatment of Alzheimer Disease.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.337-353
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• 1996

The following results are obtained through study on the Three Eum and Three Yang. 1. Up to nowadays, many people confuse the Great Yang, the lesser Eum, the Great Eum, and the lesser Yang of the Sasang with the Great Yang, the lesser Yang, the Sunlight, the Great Eum, the lesser Eum, and the absolute Eum of the Three Eum and Three Yang becuase they are expressed with the same letters. But the former is the second specialization of the Eum and Yang, and the latter is the transformation of the six climate, so they cannot be the same thing, and there is no connection between them. 2. Three Eum and Three Yang is the outer expression of the six climate, which is coldness, heat, dryness, humidity, wind, and the fire, and it is the conception of the formation of objects which possess SI-JUNG-JONG & BON-JUNG-MAL, and it represents one term of the status of transformation in which the life and the Yang Qi are born, grown, united, and completed. 3. The Three Eum and Three Yang is not only applyed to the outer expression of the six climate, but also to the twelve channels which correspond with the twelve viscera, six differentiation of the disease of the cold, various illness, and the form of pulse. 4. The combination of the Three Eum and Three Yang and the twelve channels is divided into the channel of Sahwa and the channel of Jonghwa, and it also has important relationship with the physiology of the viscera. 5. The division of the six channels of disease of the cold suggested by Junggyung originates from the heat theory in Neagyung, but the six channels in the heat theory are of pathological conception, so the six channels of Junggyung includes the disease of the channels and the viscera. 6. The difference of the Pyo, Bon, Jung Qi of the Three Eum and Three Yang makes the syndrom of the disease diverse so it can be used in the diagnosis and the treatment of disease, and further studies are necessary on this part.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study was to find correlations between characteristics of Four constitution and Hwa-byung. Methods : Clinical data were collected from Hwa-byung Epidemiologic study data. we selected 130 self-labelled Hwa-byung patients data and 83 of them were diagnosed as Hwa-byung by SCID. We used Hwa-byung SCID, Hwa-byung scale, CES-D, STAI, STAXI and Personality and Physiological Symptom Questionnaire(PPSQ) as evaluation tools. We performed statistical analysis of each 2 groups, self-labelled Hwa-byung group(N=130) and diagnosed Hwa-byung group(N=83). Results : 1. In self-labelled Hwa-byung group, Greater yin score showed significant negative correlation with 3 indices of Hwa-byung scale and significant positive correlation with 1 index. Lesser yin score showed significant positive correlation with 6 indices. In diagnosed Hwa-byung group, Greater yin score showed significant negaitive correlation with 5 indices. In both groups, Lesser yang score showed no significant correlation with any indices of Hwa-byung scale. 2. In self-labelled Hwa-byung group, Greater yin score showed significant negative correlation with both trait anger score and state anger score of STAXI. Lesser yin score showed significant positive correlation with trait anxiety score, state anxiety score and CES-D score self-labelled Hwa-byung group. Lesser yang score showed significant positive correlation with anger-out score of STAXI. But Lesser yin score showed significant negative correlation with same index diagnosed Hwa-byung group. Conclusions : 1. The higher Greater yin score, suppression or denial, psychological defense mechanism, become more stronger. 2. The higher Lesser yin score, anger-out tendency become more weakened and increased prevalence of Hwa-byung symptoms. 3. The higher Lesser yang score, anger-out tendency become more stronger.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.169-175
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study is to find a desirable way for acupuncture treatment of Vascular Dementia. Methods : The author reviewed several literatures related with Vascular Dementia. Based on the literatures, the author interpreted the causes and symptoms of Vascular Dementia on viewpoint of three yin and three yang. In addition, research about desirable way for acupuncture treatment was carried out. Results and Conclusions : The cause of Vascular Dementia is thought to be the functional weakness of lesser yin, the heart meridian. Also, the related-factors represent functional excess of reverting yin and greater yin, as well show functional weakness of lesser yin. Accordingly, for the acupuncture treatment of Vascular Dementia, it is necessary to tonify lesser yin. On the other hand, the activation of lesser yang is thought to be helpful.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2021

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the Cold-damage Six-meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯六經病證) and Sasang Constitutional Symptomatology (四象體質病證), presented in Discourse on the Origin of Eastern Medicine (醫源論) of Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine (Donguisusebowon, 東醫壽世保元). Method The process of development from Cold-damage Six-meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯六經病證) to Six Meridians Physical Symptoms and Medicines (六經形證用藥) in the chapter Cold(寒門) of the Treasure Mirror of Eastern Medicine (Donguibogam, 東醫寶鑑) was investigated. And the correlation between Six Meridians Physical Symptoms and Medicines (六經形證用藥) and Sasang Constitutional Symptomatology (四象體質病證) was considered. Results and Conclusions 1. The Cold-damage Six-meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯六經病證) in the chapter Heat Treatise (熱論篇) of Basic Questions (素問) had evolved into Six Meridians Physical Symptoms and Medicines (六經形證用藥) in the chapter Cold(寒門) of the Treasure Mirror of Eastern Medicine (Donguibogam, 東醫寶鑑) through Book for Life Saving (Huorenshu, 活人書), a work of Zhu Gong (朱肱), Six Books on Cold Damage disease (Shanghanliushu, 傷寒六書), a work of Tao Hua (陶華) and Introduction to Medicine (YixueRumen, 醫學入門), a work of Li Chan (李梴). 2. The correlation between the Cold-damage Six-meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯六經病證) and Sasang Constitutional Symptomatology (四象體質病證) can be analyzed and understood through Six Meridians Physical Symptoms and Medicines (六經形證用藥) in the chapter Cold(寒門) of the Treasure Mirror of Eastern Medicine (Donguibogam, 東醫寶鑑). 3. Greater Yang meridian disease of Qibo (岐伯) is related to Soyangin early stage of Lesser-Yang Wind-Injury symptomatology and Soyangin early stage of Chest-Heat symptomatology, Yang Brightness meridian disease and Greater Yin meridian disease to Taeeumin Liver-Heat symptomatology, Lesser Yin meridian disease to Soyangin Chest-Heat symptomatology, Lesser Yang meridian disease to Soyangin early stage of Lesser-Yang Wind-Injury symptomatology and Reverting Yin meridian disease to Soeumin Reverting Yin symptomatology of Greater Yang disease.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.961-966
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• 2007

Lesser yang person-Hyungbangpaedok-san (HBPDS) is a prescription originated in the